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CSX vs. Amtrak 91 at Cayce, SC

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Posted by tree68 on Thursday, February 8, 2018 7:18 AM

Euclid
It was to ask what the optimum response would be.  

Make a heavy service application at least ten seconds before reaching the switch.  That should bring the train speed down to the point where the train can safely pass through the switch.

That would be optimum.

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Thursday, February 8, 2018 7:25 AM

Euclid

As the train approached that switch, what would have been the optimum response by the engineer in terms of brake application?  Sumwalt pointed out that it is the duty of the crew to watch for misaligned switches.  I don't know what the visibility was, but assuming the switch position was observable for say 250 feet prior to the switch, what would be the optimum location to begin braking, and what type of brake application would have been best?

 

It’s simple math. In the time it took to read these 2 sentences........ The train would have already traversed those 250 feet of track and be onto the switch.

 

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Posted by Euclid on Thursday, February 8, 2018 7:25 AM

tree68 said:

Make a heavy service application at least ten seconds before reaching the switch.  That should bring the train speed down to the point where the train can safely pass through the switch.

That would be optimum.

 

 

Larry,

When I ask for the optimum response, I am referring to the optimum response for the circumstances that existed, including an assumption of seeing the wrongly lined switch about 3 seconds before arriving at it, or 250 feet at 59 mph. 

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Posted by BigJim on Thursday, February 8, 2018 7:39 AM

7j43k

Euclid

Sumwalt pointed out that it is the duty of the crew to watch for misaligned switches.

Which indeed it is! 

I propose an experiment:

And an idiotic one it is!

At various randomly selected locations around the country, a crew throws the switch "wrong" ahead of a known oncoming train.  At, say, 60 mph.  Or maybe 80 mph.  They will, of course, correct that before the train arrives at the switch.

The experiment is to see how many operators dump the air before the switch.

Why do anything if you going to restore the switch to its proper position?

Aside from some engineers having to change their underpants, I'm not seeing a downside on this experiment.  Unless, of course, hardly any engineers hit the brakes.

See above! It is sad that you see this as some kind of game!

Perhaps the crew's duty should also include flapping their arms to lift the train over any track obstruction.

Ed

Totally demeaning to the craft! As I said, your proposal is idiotic!

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Posted by BigJim on Thursday, February 8, 2018 7:43 AM

Murphy Siding
It’s simple math. In the time it took to read these 2 sentences........ The train would have already traversed those 250 feet of track and be onto the switch.

The simple truth is that the brain can react before you can read "It's simple math"!

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Posted by Randy Stahl on Thursday, February 8, 2018 8:00 AM

I've been on a train in the middle of the night when I came around a curve and sw a red target. I had OCS authority and all main track switches were lined and locked normal. I dumped the train as soon as I saw the target. Thank goodness the switch was lined normal but someone had twisted the target around so I saw the red target.

This is a recurring nightmare for me. I am disturbed that a fine train crew paid with thier lives and think about the families of the Amtrak crew. All speculation and games aside there are two dead railroad men that died needlessly.

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Posted by tree68 on Thursday, February 8, 2018 8:26 AM

Totally demeaning to the craft! As I said, your proposal is idiotic!

I suspect he simply forgot to include the sarcasm tag...

The point is this:  As Bucky's post reads, it appears he feels that the engineer will be able to take some definitive action upon spotting the incorrect target from 250 away.  Something that will perhaps prevent the train from reaching the switch?  

I wouldn't be surprised if the old canard of "not dumping the train because it might derail" soon entered the discussion.

Given the effect any action by the engineer will have on the train in the three seconds that elapse between spotting the target and reaching the switch, flapping one's arms will certainly have about as much impact as anything else.

An entire five car train will be through the switch less than ten seconds after the locomotive first reaches it, assuming it stays on the rails.

 

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Posted by edblysard on Thursday, February 8, 2018 8:33 AM

7j43k

 

 
Euclid

Sumwalt pointed out that it is the duty of the crew to watch for misaligned switches. 

 

 

 

I propose an experiment:

At various randomly selected locations around the country, a crew throws the switch "wrong" ahead of a known oncoming train.  At, say, 60 mph.  Or maybe 80 mph.  They will, of course, correct that before the train arrives at the switch.

The experiment is to see how many operators dump the air before the switch.

Aside from some engineers having to change their underpants, I'm not seeing a downside on this experiment.  Unless, of course, hardly any engineers hit the brakes.

Perhaps the crew's duty should also include flapping their arms to lift the train over any track obstruction.

Ed

 

You are a very dangerous person.

23 17 46 11

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Thursday, February 8, 2018 9:27 AM

7j43k
 
Euclid

Sumwalt pointed out that it is the duty of the crew to watch for misaligned switches. 

 

 

 

I propose an experiment:

At various randomly selected locations around the country, a crew throws the switch "wrong" ahead of a known oncoming train.  At, say, 60 mph.  Or maybe 80 mph.  They will, of course, correct that before the train arrives at the switch.

The experiment is to see how many operators dump the air before the switch.

Aside from some engineers having to change their underpants, I'm not seeing a downside on this experiment.  Unless, of course, hardly any engineers hit the brakes.

Perhaps the crew's duty should also include flapping their arms to lift the train over any track obstruction.

Ed

 

[Sarcasm] I think a more applicable experiment would be for you to try a similar test on the freeway. Without warning, jump in front of a semi-truck to gage the reaction of the driver. Then, at the last second, jump out of the way. Aside from some truck drivers having to change their underpants, I'm not seeing a downside on this experiment unless of course you feel the cold steel of a tire iron on your skull. Let us know the results please. Enquiring minds want to know. [/Sarcasm]

 

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Posted by Euclid on Thursday, February 8, 2018 9:36 AM

tree68

The point is this:  As Bucky's post reads, it appears he feels that the engineer will be able to take some definitive action upon spotting the incorrect target from 250 away. Something that will perhaps prevent the train from reaching the switch?  

I wouldn't be surprised if the old canard of "not dumping the train because it might derail" soon entered the discussion.

Given the effect any action by the engineer will have on the train in the three seconds that elapse between spotting the target and reaching the switch, flapping one's arms will certainly have about as much impact as anything else.

An entire five car train will be through the switch less than ten seconds after the locomotive first reaches it, assuming it stays on the rails.

Not dumping the air because it might derail the train is an old canard that some people believe is wise.  I don’t believe it is wise, and have said so in previous threads such as this one:  http://cs.trains.com/trn/f/111/t/259070.aspx?page=1
 
To your other point that I am looking for some way to prevent the train from reaching the switch.  Of course that would be impossible, and I would not expect to accomplish that feat.  But what can be accomplished is reducing the speed of impact.

I am indeed asking what the definitive action on the part of the engineer should be.  I don’t expect everyone to agree.  I know what I would do.  It sounds like you are saying that no definitive action can do any good because the train cannot stop in time to avoid the collision.

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Posted by Randy Stahl on Thursday, February 8, 2018 9:40 AM

Jump

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Thursday, February 8, 2018 9:45 AM

Euclid
 
tree68

The point is this:  As Bucky's post reads, it appears he feels that the engineer will be able to take some definitive action upon spotting the incorrect target from 250 away. Something that will perhaps prevent the train from reaching the switch?  

I wouldn't be surprised if the old canard of "not dumping the train because it might derail" soon entered the discussion.

Given the effect any action by the engineer will have on the train in the three seconds that elapse between spotting the target and reaching the switch, flapping one's arms will certainly have about as much impact as anything else.

An entire five car train will be through the switch less than ten seconds after the locomotive first reaches it, assuming it stays on the rails.

 

Not dumping the air because it might derail the train is an old canard that some people believe is wise.  I don’t believe it is wise, and have said so in previous threads such as this one:  http://cs.trains.com/trn/f/111/t/259070.aspx?page=1
 
To your other point that I am looking for some way to prevent the train from reaching the switch.  Of course that would be impossible, and I would not expect to accomplish that feat.  But what can be accomplished is reducing the speed of impact.

I am indeed asking what the definitive action on the part of the engineer should be.  I don’t expect everyone to agree.  I know what I would do.  It sounds like you are saying that no definitive action can do any good because the train cannot stop in time to avoid the collision.

 

You have 3 seconds. What would you do? Oops!  Too late.

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Posted by LensCapOn on Thursday, February 8, 2018 10:15 AM

As soon as it was clear that a CSX crew had left the switch locked to direct traffic onto the siding it was also clear the wreck had been caused by grotesque crew error.  My thoughts ran like this.
 

1)      Hunter Harrison makes major changes to CSX schedules, yards, operations and personnel including relocations of key personnel. People were rapidly trying to move to meet the relocation within the time frame. (NOW!!)

2)      Hunter Harrison then died.

3)      The rail fan community did not have a clear idea who was running CSX and what was the status of Harrison’s changes.

 

 

The crash was a failure of old tech, basic core tech, and the better run main lines had techniques to eliminate such a failure by 1890. An open switch like this would be an embarrassment on a model railroad as it’s so basic.
 
CSX management has been strangely missing in this detailed review. I’m just a fan but cannot believe such a switch could be thrown on a main line without informing someone in dispatching, or whatever they call it now. Wasn’t dispatching moved and centralized by Harrison just before his death?
 
Waiting for more knowledgeable comments on this.
 
Sarc/OFF
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Posted by Semper Vaporo on Thursday, February 8, 2018 10:20 AM

How about if the conductor climbs up on the roof, runs to the front of the locomotive, leaps forward off the engine, lands on the switch lever, causing it to swing to re-line the switch to the main?  They do that sort of stuff in cartoons!

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Posted by BaltACD on Thursday, February 8, 2018 10:35 AM

LensCapOn
As soon as it was clear that a CSX crew had left the switch locked to direct traffic onto the siding it was also clear the wreck had been caused by grotesque crew error.  My thoughts ran like this.
 

1)      Hunter Harrison makes major changes to CSX schedules, yards, operations and personnel including relocations of key personnel. People were rapidly trying to move to meet the relocation within the time frame. (NOW!!)

2)      Hunter Harrison then died.

3)      The rail fan community did not have a clear idea who was running CSX and what was the status of Harrison’s changes.

 

 

The crash was a failure of old tech, basic core tech, and the better run main lines had techniques to eliminate such a failure by 1890. An open switch like this would be an embarrassment on a model railroad as it’s so basic.
 
CSX management has been strangely missing in this detailed review. I’m just a fan but cannot believe such a switch could be thrown on a main line without informing someone in dispatching, or whatever they call it now. Wasn’t dispatching moved and centralized by Harrison just before his death?
 
Waiting for more knowledgeable comments on this.
 
Sarc/OFF

Were the preexisting signal system in operation at the time the incident would have been averted.

Signal system had been suspended in accordance with the appropriate rules to allow for the installation of a PTC viable signal system.  Such signal suspensions allow for the installation and testing of NEW signals and equipment that are necessary for the proper functioning of PTC when that feature gets implemented.

Personally I don't know what, if any, changes had been made to local CSX Officers within the time frame surrounding the incident and the palcing of EHH in the top spot at CSX in March 2017.  I also don't know what if any efforts were undertaken by that management concerning compliance with existing rules or taking actions to change rules they felt slowed the operation of the property.

I can guarantee you that this incident is a TOTAL EMBARASSMENT to CSX and potentially a legitimate indictment of the EHH management philosophy as it affects field personnel. 

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Posted by Deggesty on Thursday, February 8, 2018 10:35 AM

Semper Vaporo

How about if the conductor climbs up on the roof, runs to the front of the locomotive, leaps forward off the engine, lands on the switch lever, causing it to swing to re-line the switch to the main?  They do that sort of stuff in cartoons!

 

Don't forget to add that the conductor is a heavyweight and the force of his fall breaks the lock and then relines the switch--all in the three seconds!

I agree that there was no time to do anything to even alleviate the result of the mislined switch.

And, I give thanks that the lounge car was apparently unoccupied at the time.

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Posted by Semper Vaporo on Thursday, February 8, 2018 10:44 AM

Deggesty
 Semper Vaporo

How about if the conductor climbs up on the roof, runs to the front of the locomotive, leaps forward off the engine, lands on the switch lever, causing it to swing to re-line the switch to the main?  They do that sort of stuff in cartoons!  

{snip}

Such fantisies!  You know that can't happen!  He has all the switch lock keys in his hand and finds the right one as he reaches out to the switch stand, unlocks the lock and flips it out of the hasp before he hits the lever.  Easy-peasy!  You need to watch more cartoons!

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Posted by 7j43k on Thursday, February 8, 2018 11:29 AM

Re:  my comments earlier, and the proposed experiment

 

To the locomotive engineers, here

 

Do YOU check switch alignment ahead of you?

Every time?

On a mainline run?

Using only your headlights?

 

 

If YOU had been on the front of 91, would YOU have seen the misaligned switch?  Do YOU check EVERY switch you approach?

 

If so, then there's no need for my experiment.

 

I agree with Sumwalt that it's the duty of the operator to look out for misaligned switches.  I am wary of extending that to DEMANDING that they see them, and blaming them if they don't.

 

 

Ed

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Posted by Euclid on Thursday, February 8, 2018 11:50 AM

Murphy Siding

 

 
Euclid
 
 
 

I am indeed asking what the definitive action on the part of the engineer should be.  I don’t expect everyone to agree.  I know what I would do.  

 

You have 3 seconds. What would you do? Oops!  Too late.

This is what I would do.  I would always look at every switch as I approached it and determine which way it is lined as early as possible.  Even before seeing which way the switch is lined, I would plan on the need to make an emergency application.  Then if I were to see a wrongly lined switch, I would immediately make an emergency application. My process for assimilation of the open switch and the making of the emergency application would take less than one second. 
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Posted by BigJim on Thursday, February 8, 2018 11:53 AM

7j43k

Re:  my comments earlier, and the proposed experiment

To the locomotive engineers, here

Do YOU check switch alignment ahead of you? Yes, I did!

Every time? Yes, I did!

On a mainline run? Yes

Using only your headlights? Except when the sun was shinning, Duh!

If YOU had been on the front of 91, would YOU have seen the misaligned switch? Yes and don't forget that the space between the switch point and stock rail was on the engineers side! 

Do YOU check EVERY switch you approach? Yes, I did!

If so, then there's no need for my experiment. EXACTLY!!!

I agree with Sumwalt that it's the duty of the operator to look out for misaligned switches.  I am wary of extending that to DEMANDING that they see them, and blaming them if they don't.

Ed

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Posted by tree68 on Thursday, February 8, 2018 12:40 PM

Euclid
This is what I would do.  I would always look at every switch as I approached it and determine which way it is lined as early as possible.  Even before seeing which way the switch is lined, I would plan on the need to make an emergency application.  Then if I were to see a wrongly lined switch, I would immediately make an emergency application. My process for assimilation of the open switch and the making of the emergency application would take less than one second. 

And your years of experience in the seat are a basis for this claim?  Or is this just your hypothetical view of how things are supposed to be?

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Posted by Electroliner 1935 on Thursday, February 8, 2018 12:42 PM

I have a number of thoughts about this accident that I have Angst over. Two men died through no fault of their own. Their families and friend have a need to be able to morn without the facetious or snarky comments on here. Engineer tried to stop but there was insufficient time. I can't imagine the last thoughts of the engineer or conductor.  I believe their death was instantanious. 

I expect the crew of the freight train must be torn over what happened and why (my presuption here) they failed to reline the switch for the main track. I will wait for the STB's report on what failed and allowed the train to be operated expecting a clear path between CP's. 

I have not yet seen any pictures of the front of the Amtrak locomotive. 

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Posted by K. P. Harrier on Thursday, February 8, 2018 12:47 PM

I honestly haven’t been following this thread very closely and don’t know if this has been covered yet, but there seems to be a flaw in the CSX operating rules.  UNION PACIFIC WHEN THE SIGNAL SYSTEM IS SUSPENED, THE SWITCHES ARE SPIKED!  If that had been the case on CSX, the train that Amtrak crashed into would not have been there!  As simple as that … or at least the switch would have been lined properly and spiked.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- K.P.’s absolute “theorem” from early, early childhood that he has seen over and over and over again: Those that CAUSE a problem in the first place will act the most violently if questioned or exposed.

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Posted by Electroliner 1935 on Thursday, February 8, 2018 12:48 PM

Larry, Please don't feed the beast. If you ignore it , it may (we hope) stop commenting.

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Posted by tree68 on Thursday, February 8, 2018 12:52 PM

Electroliner 1935

Larry, Please don't feed the beast. If you ignore it , it may (we hope) stop commenting.

Hasn't worked so far.  

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Posted by Euclid on Thursday, February 8, 2018 12:56 PM

tree68

 

 
Euclid
This is what I would do.  I would always look at every switch as I approached it and determine which way it is lined as early as possible.  Even before seeing which way the switch is lined, I would plan on the need to make an emergency application.  Then if I were to see a wrongly lined switch, I would immediately make an emergency application. My process for assimilation of the open switch and the making of the emergency application would take less than one second. 

 

And your years of experience in the seat are a basis for this claim?  Or is this just your hypothetical view of how things are supposed to be?

 

It's not hypothetical at all.  It is what I would do.  And that's a fact.  

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Posted by 7j43k on Thursday, February 8, 2018 1:13 PM

BigJim

 

 
7j43k

Re:  my comments earlier, and the proposed experiment

To the locomotive engineers, here

Do YOU check switch alignment ahead of you? Yes, I did!

Every time? Yes, I did!

On a mainline run? Yes

Using only your headlights? Except when the sun was shinning, Duh!

If YOU had been on the front of 91, would YOU have seen the misaligned switch? Yes and don't forget that the space between the switch point and stock rail was on the engineers side! 

Do YOU check EVERY switch you approach? Yes, I did!

If so, then there's no need for my experiment. EXACTLY!!!

I agree with Sumwalt that it's the duty of the operator to look out for misaligned switches.  I am wary of extending that to DEMANDING that they see them, and blaming them if they don't.

Ed

 

 

 

Thanks for your answers.

 

Ed

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Posted by Overmod on Thursday, February 8, 2018 1:22 PM

NDG has posted a Canadian accident report in the String Lining thread that has many similarities with this accident.

Take particular note of the table that shows sequential time, brake-pipe pressure, and speed.  This with an F40 pulling LRC coaches, almost certainly faster-responding to a brake application than what 91's consist provided.

I think Euclid is right insofar as keeping a careful eye on the switches as you encounter them, and reacting as quickly as possible when you see one mislined.  Big Jim, who has considerable experience, has said much the same thing.  However, to think you will get any particular 'way' off the train even with optimal reaction time before you encounter the switch is silly; in fact, even if we were to assume that 91's engineer applied the emergency 'first', rather than the blended brake ... and I'm sure passenger engineers here understand reasons why he would not ... it's doubtful that the train would have lost much additional speed.

Euclid is correct that decreasing the impact force might have been a Good Thing; he will be correct when he gets around to making the point that if the locomotive or part of the train had derailed on the switch it might not even have come into contact with the bridge or the standing CSX consist, and I'd give both head-end crew a significant chance of survival in that case.  (Whether there would be more casualties back in the train if it left the rails and piled up does not seem to concern him that much, although it probably should.)

I don't think we'll ever quite find out what the post-accident 'strategy' that involved keeping power on the engine even several seconds after negotiating the switch was.  We certainly know they didn't go to full emergency until seeing the grinning skull of Death through the bridge portal, by which time even Euclid would have to assume no amount of brake and no superhero reaction time would have helped.

I have seen reports that the accident track was a full siding, with a similar switch back onto the main some distance back.  It seems at least plausible that the engine crew thought they had been mistakenly lined through the switch onto empty track by dispatcher mistake, and had sufficient time to stop without shaking up the passengers any worse than going through the switch already had.  That is consistent with what NTSB has reported so far.  I am sick at heart that we cannot know firsthand.  May it have been as quick and relatively painless as our 'experts' keep telling us.

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Posted by Paul of Covington on Thursday, February 8, 2018 2:32 PM

    These answers to Euclid's scenario have accepted the supposition that the position of the switch points could be determined at a distance of 250 ft.   Can you determine that in the daytime, let alone at 2:35 AM?

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Posted by Overmod on Thursday, February 8, 2018 2:57 PM

Paul of Covington
Can you determine that in the daytime, let alone at 2:35 AM?

To be honest: if I were properly trained, and properly watching the track ahead of me, I think I could see it.  Probably more easily in the nighttime as the reflection of the headlight off the railheads will show the gap at the point very clearly at substantial distance.

You can easily test this with an experiment: cue up one of the many YouTube videos of corresponding speed and curvature and see at what point you can see the closed points in your route, or any open switches in adjacent track.  For those who aren't railroaders, practice a bit and see if you can hone your recognition and reaction.

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