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Will cable cars like the ones in San Francisco make a comeback?

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Posted by DSchmitt on Monday, April 27, 2015 10:50 AM

Wizlish
I am frankly amazed that this thread has gotten to 67 posts and there is still contention about what kinds of cable system are being discussed.

“Never wrestle with pigs. You both get dirty and the pig likes it.”
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I don't think I'm the pig, but don't know for sure.  Maybe I'm biasedBig Smile

Seriously a lot of  good information about cable propulsion has been presented in this threadGeeked

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Posted by Wizlish on Monday, April 27, 2015 4:46 AM

CSSHEGEWISCH
A cable railway sounds similar to the system in place on Brazil's Sao Paulo-Santos line before it was converted to a cog-and-rack system.

Which one?  There were two very different systems, one dating from the opening of the line in the 1860s, and another on the new line built around the turn of the century. 

The newer system is probably the one of interest.  Although it worked like a funicular ('up' trains balancing 'down' trains, and I believe gantleted track above and below a passing siding halfway down each plane), the 'locobreque' system clearly involved a grip, which was released so a train could proceed under its own power across each bankhead to the next 'endless-cable' run.

The principal difference, I think, between this and a traditional cable system is that the Brazilian system stopped and started its cable for each pair of trains, and did not keep it running continuously as the transit systems we were discussing did.  So the presence or absence of a discrete grip is not exactly the discriminating factor -- the way the cable is used for traction is.

It is difficult to imagine where a modern system would go to the trouble of providing a loop of engine-driven cable and also an arrangement of mechanical grips (presumably automatic) that would engage and release from that cable.  The same could be said for a system that would work like PRT, with individual motors in each car, for those areas of a system where individually-routed or -scheduled cars were wanted, but either assembling these cars into trains that grip a moving cable, or 'automatically' attach to a cable at inherently fixed short headway for longer stretches. 

Automotive engineers would love the latter system, but it would work only as long as all the grips were kept perfectly maintained.  Let one fail, either in engagement or in release... and the results will be interesting.  (There are other problems behind that one, too... but you'd have to be awfully wedded to the overall cockamamie concept to stick with it long enough to start addressing those...)

I am frankly amazed that this thread has gotten to 67 posts and there is still contention about what kinds of cable system are being discussed.

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Posted by DSchmitt on Sunday, April 26, 2015 10:41 PM

No matter how complicated the system is, unless the cars can be operated independently by operators on the cars, who can attach and detach the car from the cable and operate the brakes as needed, they are not cable cars.  They are a different cable powered technology.

Cable powered people mover systems are viable in controlled situations, but the traditional cable car whether run in the street or on controlled access R/W is not.  The cable car was developed to replace the horse car on street railways and for use on very steep hills (there were already cable assists for horse cars on some steep hills). There appeared to be nothing better at the time.  Both motor and engine powerered vehicles  were in very early stages of developement, not as well known as cable power.  Some street railways used small steam locomotives but they were noisy, dirty, often accused of scaring the horses and not popular with the public.  The cable car was an advancement on existing mature technolody increasing its flexability and allowing it to be used mixed with other traffic on the streets.  If they did not already exist today, cable cars systems (as opposed to cable powered people movers, which as stated before are not the same thing) would not be built because they are not economical and also because they would probably be banned in the USA due to the hazards.  They only suvive in San Francisco as a historic artifact and tourist attraction.

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Posted by MidlandMike on Sunday, April 26, 2015 8:49 PM

DSchmitt

 

 
gardendance

Please give examples to back up your statement. Where is cable powered "transit" in airports that is not limited to their own track, have switches to meet other cable cars, or have multiple cars running on the same track and multiple cables?

 

 

 

 

 

I doubt he can.  ...

 

See my previous post.

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Posted by MidlandMike on Sunday, April 26, 2015 8:46 PM

gardendance

Please give examples to back up your statement. Where is cable powered "transit" in airports that is not limited to their own track, have switches to meet other cable cars, or have multiple cars running on the same track and multiple cables?

 

 

 

The 2 examples that come to mind are Detroit Metro Airport (which has been cited earlier in this thread by someone else) and Minneapolis-St. Paul Airport.  Luckily the MSP cable car is outside, so you can see it clearly on Google Earth at:

 44°52'56.84"N  93°12'19.81"W

A clearer and more illustrative view is shown in historical image dated 9/15/2013.  The reference point is at the switch between the 2 intermediate station platforms.  The passing siding and platform for inbound cars is to the upper left (NW), and the platform for the outbound cars is to the lower right.  In the 9/2013 image there is a 2 car train almost totally within the patform/canopy area.  While the inbound train platform stop is in the passing siding, the outbound train must go thru the siding, before getting to its platform to access the airport concourse.  It's more complicated than the Detroit example, where both cars stop at the same time in the intermediate station at the passing siding.  That the MSP situation is more complicated is borne out by the fact that they had a collision between cars when they were testing the system.

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Posted by DSchmitt on Saturday, April 25, 2015 9:57 PM

NorthWest
My understanding is that those wooden blocks are replaced quite often, too.

About every three days per the Museum website.

The steel plate emergency brake is a last resort.  If used a torch may be needed to cut it out of the slot.

 

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Posted by NorthWest on Saturday, April 25, 2015 7:56 PM

My understanding is that those wooden blocks are replaced quite often, too.

An additional safety issue with cable cars is the great amount of inertia present in the cable. If the car is stuck on the cable in an accident, it will continue to drag whatever it hit until the cable is stopped or the car disengaged.

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Posted by DSchmitt on Saturday, April 25, 2015 6:30 PM

Paul of Covington

   Just curious:  How do the brakes on San Francisco cable cars work?   Do they grip a stationary cable or rail?   I can't imagine conventional brake shoes on the wheels being effective on those steep hills.

 

The San Francisco Cable Cars have three types of brakes.

1  Brake shoes that press on the wheel.s

2 Wooden blocks that press on the rails.

3 Emergency Brake  - A steel plate that wedges into the slot. 

http://www.cablecarmuseum.org/the-brakes.html

 

With Cable cars, cables wear is faster and more severe do to the gripping and ungripping of the cable.

One hazzard of the cable car, not present in other cable technologies, is that because of a malfunction the grip does not release the cable. This could be because the cable is frayed, or because the cable has stretched and somehow gotten wrapped around the grip.  When this happens the only practicle way to stop the car is to use the emerengcy brake. 

 

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Posted by Paul of Covington on Saturday, April 25, 2015 2:45 PM

   Just curious:  How do the brakes on San Francisco cable cars work?   Do they grip a stationary cable or rail?   I can't imagine conventional brake shoes on the wheels being effective on those steep hills.

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Saturday, April 25, 2015 6:44 AM

A cable railway sounds similar to the system in place on Brazil's Sao Paulo-Santos line before it was converted to a cog-and-rack system.

The daily commute is part of everyday life but I get two rides a day out of it. Paul
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Posted by DSchmitt on Saturday, April 25, 2015 4:13 AM

gardendance

Please give examples to back up your statement. Where is cable powered "transit" in airports that is not limited to their own track, have switches to meet other cable cars, or have multiple cars running on the same track and multiple cables?

 

 

 

I doubt he can.  From earlier posts by me with edits for emphasis:

"While the the "people movers" may superficially resemble traditional cable cars, they do not release the cable to stop.  The cars are "permanately" attached to the cable.  The cable stops moving to stop the cars.  The movement of the cable (and thus the cars) is controlled automatically by a program to stop the cars at pre-set locations.  They also operate on controlled access right of way so there is no conflict with other traffic.

--This type system has can have multiple cars but the all operate on one cable in lockstep.  Station spacing and car spacing is such that they all stop at a station at the same time--

This type system goes back to the earliest days of cable car operations, where the  cable movement was manually controlled by an engine operator. --on the ground at the location of the engine--  

The Detroit Airport system is a little different and more advanced  than most other systems.  It consists of two separate cars each on its own cable.  Each car operates like an elevator (a horizontal elevator)   It is actually a little more complicated because both cars use the same guideway (track) and must pass in opposite directions at a central location where there is a passing section. --so there are switches on the track-- The system is programed  to override (delay the execuation)  of passenger calls as necessary to prevent a conflicts."

--Neither system can operate like the traditional cable car.  The ability of an operator on the car  to attach/detach from the cable and control speed by partial release (allowing the cable to slip through the grip) and brakes on the car is the essence of a cable car system.--

"Cable cars are distinct from funiculars, where the cars are permanently attached to the cable, and cable railways, which are similar to funiculars, but where the rail vehicles are attached and detached manually --not by an operator on the car, click links for more detail on each type--."

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Posted by gardendance on Saturday, April 25, 2015 2:46 AM

Please give examples to back up your statement. Where is cable powered "transit" in airports that is not limited to their own track, have switches to meet other cable cars, or have multiple cars running on the same track and multiple cables?

 

 

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Posted by MidlandMike on Friday, April 24, 2015 11:09 PM

Buslist

As has been pointed out earlier the new generation of cable powered "transit" in airports are really horizontal elevators. They are limited to their own track, no switching they have the advantage of having a centrally located driving motor and no need to have propulsion power distribution. That is a very limited application environment.

 

They are not limited to their own track, they have switches to meet other cable cars, and they have multiple cars running on the same track and multiple cables.  They are only limited by how complicatd you want to build the system.

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Posted by NKP guy on Thursday, April 23, 2015 2:49 PM

In reply to usmc1401:  There is no need to spend the required new money on extending the California Street line since that street west of Van Ness has trackless trolleys to serve the travel needs of residents.  Tourists, the real market for cable cars these days, are perfectly happy to go out to Van Ness and back to Market Street.

In reply to the larger question of cable cars having a renaissance in other cities:  This will happen when transit authorities in Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Chicago, etc. can figure out a way to have people pay $6 a ride as they do on the Barbary Coast.  But I don't think any city in the USA can match San Francisco in its tourist appeal, do you?

By the way, in 1971 I paid 25 cents per ride for cable cars, streetcars, buses, etc.  But I unhesitatingly shell out $6 to ride the cable cars because, really, where else can one do that?

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Posted by Buslist on Thursday, April 23, 2015 2:22 PM

As has been pointed out earlier the new generation of cable powered "transit" in airports are really horizontal elevators. They are limited to their own track, no switching they have the advantage of having a centrally located driving motor and no need to have propulsion power distribution. That is a very limited application environment.

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Posted by daveklepper on Thursday, April 23, 2015 1:43 PM

Cable railways of the Funicular type will continiue to be built because they are an economical solution to specific transportation situations.   Except for the possible historic revival in Dundee, New Zealand, I doubt very much if any new grip-type cable.   The Glascow and Haifa subway lines are really Funiculars.   But Glascow's is a circular line, not a hill-climber.

 

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Posted by blue streak 1 on Monday, April 20, 2015 8:35 PM

Longer cable not a problem.  It is replaced at regular intervals by a very neat cable splicing method.

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Monday, April 20, 2015 6:50 AM

I seriously doubt it.  The expense of extending a cable car route, even a mile, would be astronomical.  Consider that you would need to extend the rails and cable slot, install new cable machinery under the slot, install a longer cable, etc.

The daily commute is part of everyday life but I get two rides a day out of it. Paul
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Posted by usmc1401 on Saturday, April 18, 2015 6:39 PM

Has San Francisco Muni ever proposed putting back any cablecar routes that were abandoned in the early 1950's. Such as the California Street line going west of Van Ness for a mile or so.

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Posted by MidlandMike on Friday, April 10, 2015 8:58 PM

Falcon48, I don't argue with what was happening with technology 80 years ago.  Nevertheless, in modern times, after a number of electric tram systems were built at airports, I noticed new cable systems starting to be built there.  Technology evolves, and some airports saw advantages to cable.  I don't expect to see something like a San Fran. central hoist cable system to be built, however, I would not rule out some more modern concept of a cable street system to be developed.

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Posted by Falcon48 on Thursday, April 9, 2015 11:45 PM

MidlandMike

 

 
CSSHEGEWISCH

All of this begs the question, why would any agency use obsolete cable car technology when electrically-powered cars powered by overhead wire are much more practical?

 

 

 

The fact that they are still building cable cars at airports (where they could and do use electric) indicates it is still a viable technology, that could possibly be modified for street use.

 

 If you have not done so, I recommend that you read George Hilton's excellent and authoritative work on "The Cable Car in America".  If you do, you will recognize that this is a totally obsolete technology for street railway use in the current era.  It became obsolete for everything except very hilly routes in the 1890's, and obsolete for hilly routes with the introduction of more powerful busses in the 1930's.  In particular, a trolley bus can go up any hill which a cable streetcar could, at much less expense and greater safety.  It's no accident that San Franciso has an extensive trolley bus sytem.  The reason the SF cable cars survive is because they are important and popular tourist attractions, not because they are the best transportation technology for the job.  

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Posted by Falcon48 on Thursday, April 9, 2015 11:36 PM

Dragoman
On the very steepest hills, they do continue to have a function -- it's called a funicular.
 

As a clariification, there's a difference between the "number" of cable car "companies" and the number of "lines".  Chicago, for example, had three cable car "companies" (Chicago City Railroad, West Chicago Street Railrod and North chicago Street Railroad).  But, depending how you define "lines" that shared trackage with other lines for a portion of their routes, Chicago had as many as 9 lines (Cottage Grove - Wabash, State Street, Halsted Street, Blue Island Avenue, Madison Street, Milwaukee Avenue, Wells-Clybourne, Wells-Lincoln and Clark Street).  The same is probably true for some of the other cities mentioned. 

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Posted by MidlandMike on Sunday, February 22, 2015 10:23 PM

Buslist

 

 
MidlandMike

 

 
CSSHEGEWISCH

All of this begs the question, why would any agency use obsolete cable car technology when electrically-powered cars powered by overhead wire are much more practical?

 

 

 

The fact that they are still building cable cars at airports (where they could and do use electric) indicates it is still a viable technology, that could possibly be modified for street use.

 

 

 

 

Because they are not it the street railway sense of cable cars but horizontal elevators. Please read earlier comments.

 

And I have explained how they may be applicable to street railways.  Please read earlier comments that may be contrary to your line of thought.

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Posted by Buslist on Saturday, February 21, 2015 12:12 AM

MidlandMike

 

 
CSSHEGEWISCH

All of this begs the question, why would any agency use obsolete cable car technology when electrically-powered cars powered by overhead wire are much more practical?

 

 

 

The fact that they are still building cable cars at airports (where they could and do use electric) indicates it is still a viable technology, that could possibly be modified for street use.

 

 

Because they are not it the street railway sense of cable cars but horizontal elevators. Please read earlier comments.

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Posted by MidlandMike on Friday, February 20, 2015 9:31 PM

CSSHEGEWISCH

All of this begs the question, why would any agency use obsolete cable car technology when electrically-powered cars powered by overhead wire are much more practical?

 

The fact that they are still building cable cars at airports (where they could and do use electric) indicates it is still a viable technology, that could possibly be modified for street use.

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Posted by daveklepper on Wednesday, February 18, 2015 12:30 PM

Other solutions include rack-pinon-operation for the steep grade only, typical in Switzerland, or use of funicular assist, either the Cincinnati Mt. Adams variety (train rides a flat-car funicular) or the Triest Optotrain variety (train is pushed up and braked down by funicular dummies on the down end of the train)

YOu can ride and photograph the Optotrain in Triest.  I think the Mt.Adams incline still works-for buses.   Several routes in Switzerland for the rack examples, including Diessentis - Andat, Interlaken - Lucern, Interlaken - Klein Sheidigg (spelling on all?).

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Posted by Buslist on Wednesday, February 18, 2015 8:19 AM

CSSHEGEWISCH

All of this begs the question, why would any agency use obsolete cable car technology when electrically-powered cars powered by overhead wire are much more practical?

 

 

The original question was "would cable propulsion work if grades were too steep for conventional traction". My answer "select a different route"

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Wednesday, February 18, 2015 6:42 AM

All of this begs the question, why would any agency use obsolete cable car technology when electrically-powered cars powered by overhead wire are much more practical?

The daily commute is part of everyday life but I get two rides a day out of it. Paul
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Posted by MidlandMike on Tuesday, February 17, 2015 8:31 PM

DSchmitt

 

 
MidlandMike
The same companies that make people movers also make aerial trams with multiple cars that detatch from the cable to load/unload. I would not count out the application of the automatic detactchable grip technology to rail cable cars.

 

Would be very dangerous on a street railway.

 

I would envision that a modern cable car would run on traffic lanes that exclude cars, and traffic lights would be controlled for transit preference.  Still an operator would be needed to stop for errant cars and emergency vehicles.

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Posted by DSchmitt on Monday, February 16, 2015 10:14 PM

MidlandMike
The same companies that make people movers also make aerial trams with multiple cars that detatch from the cable to load/unload. I would not count out the application of the automatic detactchable grip technology to rail cable cars.

Would be very dangerous on a street railway.

I tried to sell my two cents worth, but no one would give me a plug nickel for it.

I don't have a leg to stand on.

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