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CSX Fatalities Probable Cause, Ivy City, DC

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Posted by Euclid on Friday, June 21, 2019 2:01 PM

tree68
Yeah - hard to figure how anyone can not understand that walking on the tracks of a 95 MPH mainline is not taking the safe course.
 

The safer course is not working in train service.  Hindsight is always 20/20.  Every accident could have been prevented if only a safer course had been taken.

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Posted by 243129 on Saturday, June 22, 2019 7:20 AM

Euclid
The safer course is not working in train service. Hindsight is always 20/20. Every accident could have been prevented if only a safer course had been taken.

For some reason the site will not let me respond tp your PM. Point taken however. Point made also.Stick out tongue

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Posted by Euclid on Saturday, June 22, 2019 8:26 AM

Up to a point, the Harpers Ferry video, previously posted by Overmod, is a perfect example of what happened at Ivy City.  The only difference is that the two trains did not converge on the potential victim at the same time.  If they had, I estimate a 90% chance that he would have been struck.   

That guy is clearly inside of the foul zone of the track he is standing next to.  The guy is mesmerized with all attention focused on the first train.  The mechanical sound of the first train is blending with any perceptible mechanical sound of the second train.  The guy does have his head on a swivel, but the swivel frequency is set too low, even though his last swivel is just in the nick of time.  Actually, it appears that he hears the horn of the second train just in time.

Unlike the Ivy City accident, this Harpers Ferry incident did not have two trains simultaneously converging on the person (s).  In the Harpers Ferry incident, the second train blew the horn because they saw the danger of the person in their path.

If the first train had been approaching the person at the same instant, would they too have blown the horn in order to make the warning stronger even though the guy was not in their path?  I suspect they would have.  If so, there would have been the two trains sounding the horn at the same time, and sounding like one horn instead of two.  If that happened, I suspect the guy would have been struck by the second train.

So situational awareness, head on a swivel, expecting trains, etc. all work well for the average conditions of one train approaching.  In that case, there is also the engineer ready to warn the unwary with the horn; free of any confusion over two different horns blowing at the same time. 

But the simultaneous, two-train approach has added dangers that threaten the effectiveness of the normal situational awareness.  In the simultaneous, two-train approach, I believe that it is only the rarity of the event that is the main prevention of an accident, and not the admonitions about situational awareness.  As we see in the video, the two-train even is a sort of trap that sneaks up on a person.  In this case it is fortunate that the two-train trap lacked the third, essential component of simultaneity in the approach of the two trains.  That component would have made the trap complete, and thus caused the person to be struck by the second train.

So I think it is a mistake to lump this type of two-train accident into the general mishap of being struck by a train due to lack of situational awareness, etc.  It is easy to conclude that the existing rules should have prevented the Ivy City accident, but I believe those existing rules are not sufficient for that type of accident.      

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pd6maEpbzDg

 

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Posted by charlie hebdo on Saturday, June 22, 2019 1:37 PM

More rules?  More and better training and supervision?  Seems to me even an untrained person with an ounce of street smarts would NOT walk with his back to  traffic on a busy RoW with trains running at over 100 mph. 

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Posted by Euclid on Saturday, June 22, 2019 2:27 PM

People with lots of street smarts lost fingers and hands with link and pin couplings. 

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Posted by 243129 on Saturday, June 22, 2019 4:24 PM

charlie hebdo

More rules?  More and better training and supervision?  Seems to me even an untrained person with an ounce of street smarts would NOT walk with his back to  traffic on a busy RoW with trains running at over 100 mph. 

 

With proper vetting by experienced employees, not HR folks who read the job description, one can determine if the candidate possesses the acumen for a position in railroad operations.

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Posted by charlie hebdo on Saturday, June 22, 2019 5:23 PM

243129

 

 
charlie hebdo

More rules?  More and better training and supervision?  Seems to me even an untrained person with an ounce of street smarts would NOT walk with his back to  traffic on a busy RoW with trains running at over 100 mph. 

 

 

 

With proper vetting by experienced employees, not HR folks who read the job description, one can determine if the candidate possesses the acumen for a position in railroad operations.

 

Maybe.  At least on this issue,  it shouldn't be hard to figure out if they have the street smarts and aren't  reckless. 

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Posted by Euclid on Saturday, June 22, 2019 5:56 PM

So back in the days when crewmembers used to get on and off moving equipment, what did the people with street smarts do?  I suppose they said "Nothing doing, I will take the safest course and get on and off only when the equipment is standing still."

 

 

 

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Posted by Deggesty on Saturday, June 22, 2019 7:27 PM

Euclid

So back in the days when crewmembers used to get on and off moving equipment, what did the people with street smarts do?  I suppose they said "Nothing doing, I will take the safest course and get on and off only when the equipment is standing still."

 

 

 

 

Yes, I can see the conductor or rear brakeman throwing a lit fusee into the air to tell the engineer he can stop and let them board now that their 180 car freight is back on the right main after it had backed over onto the wrong main to let a passenger trian by, can't you?

No, I did not count the cars that night, but 55 or so years ago that was what I saw running regularly.

Johnny

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Posted by BaltACD on Saturday, June 22, 2019 8:34 PM

243129
 
charlie hebdo

More rules?  More and better training and supervision?  Seems to me even an untrained person with an ounce of street smarts would NOT walk with his back to  traffic on a busy RoW with trains running at over 100 mph.  

With proper vetting by experienced employees, not HR folks who read the job description, one can determine if the candidate possesses the acumen for a position in railroad operations.

Sorry Charlie, your tuna has passed its sell by date.  Conductor lost situational awareness and he and his trainee paid the ultimate price.  All the vetting in the world does not ELIMINATE the loss of situational awareness, it may decrease the occurence but it will not ELIMINATE it.

Professional race drivers have the most serious and strenuous vetting process of any the world in place - every time they buckle into a race car, from the time they are children to the time they have attained such skills and proficiency in handling high powered 'land missles' they are judged on their abilities - and they make mistakes - mistakes that have the ability to claim their lives.

Never too old to have a happy childhood!

              

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Posted by Euclid on Saturday, June 22, 2019 9:01 PM

Here is one example of this type of accident:

I have notes on a newspaper article I found that was published circa 1886. It focuses on the Lehigh Valley Railroad where a large group of track workers were engaged in their work on a double track mainline with a grade in mountainous territory.   Suddenly a slow moving milk train appeared heading up the grade.  It was making a lot of noise and it drew everyone’s attention.  The crew leader blew his whistle and waved for all the workers to clear the milk train.  They acknowledged by the whole group simultaneously stepping back to clear the milk train.  They stepped back off of the track they were working on, and onto the other mainline track without looking to see if it was clear.

At that moment one of the so-called, “Lightning Express Trains” was coming down the grade and moving fast.  So as the gang stepped back out of the path of the milk train, they stepped directly into the path of the express train.  I would have to look this up for more details, but I recall that something like 10-15 people were killed and many more were injured.  The express train stopped, and the remainder of the gang ran toward its engine bent on revenge.  The crew saw this developing, and they highballed to get away from the rioting track gang.   

All of the elements of this type of distraction accident were present in this Lehigh Valley disaster.  There were two trains simultaneously converging on a group of people.  The sound of the milk train got their attention first because it was the loudest sound.  Once it got their attention, they failed to look at the other track to see if it was clear.  They saw and heard only one train, no doubt believing that they were completely alert for trains. 

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Posted by 243129 on Saturday, June 22, 2019 9:02 PM

BaltACD
Conductor lost situational awareness and he and his trainee paid the ultimate price. All the vetting in the world does not ELIMINATE the loss of situational awareness, it may decrease the occurence but it will not ELIMINATE it

So, pray tell what would be 100% effective in your estimation?

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Posted by 243129 on Saturday, June 22, 2019 9:08 PM

Euclid

Here is one example of this type of accident:

I have notes on a newspaper article I found that was published circa 1886. It focuses on the Lehigh Valley Railroad where a large group of track workers were engaged in their work on a double track mainline with a grade in mountainous territory.   Suddenly a slow moving milk train appeared heading up the grade.  It was making a lot of noise and it drew everyone’s attention.  The crew leader blew his whistle and waved for all the workers to clear the milk train.  They acknowledged by the whole group simultaneously stepping back to clear the milk train.  They stepped back off of the track they were working on, and onto the other mainline track without looking to see if it was clear.

At that moment one of the so-called, “Lightning Express Trains” was coming down the grade and moving fast.  So as the gang stepped back out of the path of the milk train, they stepped directly into the path of the express train.  I would have to look this up for more details, but I recall that something like 10-15 people were killed and many more were injured.  The express train stopped, and the remainder of the gang ran toward its engine bent on revenge.  The crew saw this developing, and they highballed to get away from the rioting track gang.   

All of the elements of this type of distraction accident were present in this Lehigh Valley disaster.  There were two trains simultaneously converging on a group of people.  The sound of the milk train got their attention first because it was the loudest sound.  Once it got their attention, they failed to look at the other track to see if it was clear.  They saw and heard only one train, no doubt believing that they were completely alert for trains. 

 

Because you step off one track on to another does not mean you are 'clear'. All tracks should be considered 'live'. Once again we have a case of poor training.

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Posted by Euclid on Saturday, June 22, 2019 10:27 PM

The accident example I describe is very old, so I have no idea what training they had.  But the point I think is significant is that here you have about 25-40 people all making precisely that same mistake at the same moment.  It also has exactly the same elements of losing situational awareness obviously without anyone of them realizing that they have lost situational awareness.  On the face of it, the probability of that many people all making the same set of mistakes at the same time seems highly improbable.  So this ought to be a strong hint that there is something else going on with this type of accident. 

As I mentioned earlier, I think training specifically for this type of two train distraction accident would be of immense value in preventing it.  But it has been over 100 years, and nobody has yet come to that realization.  The training must demonstrate the loss of situational awareness as a direct experience in the trainee.  They have to be made to feel it, and if they are, they will get it and always recognize the warning signs that this type of distraction is likely to occur.  Nobody will lose situational awareness while they are actively trying not to lose it. 

Otherwise, if we continue with the same old platitudinous slogan repetitions of head on a swivel, always expect trains, and always take the safest course; this type of accident will go on taking lives.  Managers must ask whether they really want to solve the problem; or do they just want a rule that makes sure it was the employee’s fault. 

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Posted by AnthonyV on Saturday, June 22, 2019 11:04 PM

What blows my mind is how it takes literally just a few seconds of inattention for the situation to deteriorate into a disaster.

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Posted by BaltACD on Sunday, June 23, 2019 5:38 AM

243129
 
BaltACD
Conductor lost situational awareness and he and his trainee paid the ultimate price. All the vetting in the world does not ELIMINATE the loss of situational awareness, it may decrease the occurence but it will not ELIMINATE it 

So, pray tell what would be 100% effective in your estimation?

Eliminate humans - humans are failable beings, always have been, always will be.  

Never too old to have a happy childhood!

              

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Posted by charlie hebdo on Sunday, June 23, 2019 6:28 AM

More vetting! More training!

More training!! More vetting!!

Rah!! rah!!  sis boom bah!

Bulldog, bulldog, bow wow wow...Eli Yale!!

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Posted by 243129 on Sunday, June 23, 2019 8:07 AM

charlie hebdo

More vetting! More training!

More training!! More vetting!!

Rah!! rah!!  sis boom bah!

Bulldog, bulldog, bow wow wow...Eli Yale!!

 

You left out quality supervision.

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Posted by charlie hebdo on Sunday, June 23, 2019 8:42 AM

243129

 

 
charlie hebdo

More vetting! More training!

More training!! More vetting!!

Rah!! rah!!  sis boom bah!

Bulldog, bulldog, bow wow wow...Eli Yale!!

 

 

 

You left out quality supervision.

 

They're around for the post-mortems.

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Posted by Euclid on Sunday, June 23, 2019 9:27 AM

AnthonyV
What blows my mind is how it takes literally just a few seconds of inattention for the situation to deteriorate into a disaster.

There are situations where a very short lapse of attention can cause injury or death.  Normally, these are recognized, and a higher level of protection is added by a specific rule or a safety guard feature.

There are general rules that sound so logical and reasonable, but are really just empty platitudes.  They are catchy slogans that go in one ear and out the other while leaving the satisfaction of how true and wise they are.  One example is the always cited, “When in doubt always take the safest course.”  Why would anybody not want to take the safest course?  Why would there be any doubt about it?  The only doubt that could enter into the decision is the doubt as to which course is safer.  And if you have doubt about that, compliance is impossible.  Utter nonsense.  What this rule really means is, “If anything goes wrong, it is your fault for not being perfect.”  If this were all that is needed, we would not have blade guards on table saws or safety locks on guns. 

No, you have to go deeper than the catch-all slogan and instill a more specific form of protection.  What I notice here is a kind of stubborn resistance to the idea of just one more rule.  Rules create resentment in some because they think they are smart enough to not require rules.  Rules symbolized the repression of being ordered to do things.  Maybe that is why people draw the line at adding just one more rule. 

Yet the railroad industry loves rules because they realize how essential they are.  But they too draw the line at any new rules that require spending money.  One example would be the rules involved in converting link and pin couplers to automatic couplers.  What about taking the “safest course?”  Another example would be fulfilling the recommendation of the NTSB, in this case, to provide formal protection for employees working on the ground in close proximity to live tracks.

Of course that will never be implemented by CSX.  So this leaves more training and additional rules as the only way to address this unique problem of multiple track mainlines.   This starts with the recognition of the problem. 

The problem that makes the loss of situational awareness hard to avoid is that with the loss of situational awareness, you also lose the awareness that you have lost it.  A person can lose situational awareness by daydreaming.   

However, what makes this two train scenario so especially dangerous is not just a matter of unconscious drifting into other unrelated thoughts.  Instead, this scenario introduces an illusion that all is safe.  So, this is not just the usual loss of situational awareness.  This is situational awareness being removed by a deception.   The deception is introduced by the situation itself rather than by idle daydreaming or fatigue.  This is far more sinister than just a daydream interrupting situational awareness.

A person hearing two trains and believing they are hearing one train has not lost situational awareness.  They have instead been tricked by an illusion.  The false assurance of that illusion causes them to rely less on their other senses such as vision.

 

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Posted by 243129 on Sunday, June 23, 2019 10:42 AM

243129
Because you step off one track on to another does not mean you are 'clear'. All tracks should be considered 'live'. Once again we have a case of poor training.

Again (and again) I say: Poor vetting, poor training, poor supervision and lack of experience.

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Posted by Convicted One on Sunday, June 23, 2019 10:43 AM

Euclid
Another example would be fulfilling the recommendation of the NTSB, in this case, to provide formal protection for employees working on the ground in close proximity to live tracks.

Okay, exactly what kind of formal protection would you like to see as mandatory in all future instances that are remotely similar to the Ivy City incident?

Just sincerely curious.

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Posted by 243129 on Sunday, June 23, 2019 10:53 AM

Convicted One

 

 
Euclid
Another example would be fulfilling the recommendation of the NTSB, in this case, to provide formal protection for employees working on the ground in close proximity to live tracks.

 

Okay, exactly what kind of formal protection would you like to see as mandatory in all future instances that are remotely similar to the Ivy City incident?

Just sincerely curious.

 

Obtain 'foul time.'

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Posted by Convicted One on Sunday, June 23, 2019 11:43 AM

243129 wrote the following post an hour ago:

"Obtain foul time"

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Please provide a little detail sufficient to explain what would be expected of the railroads (Amtrak in the Ivy City incident) NOT causing the fouling.

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Posted by Euclid on Sunday, June 23, 2019 12:17 PM

Convicted One
 
Euclid
Another example would be fulfilling the recommendation of the NTSB, in this case, to provide formal protection for employees working on the ground in close proximity to live tracks.

Just sincerely curious.

By providing “formal protection,” I am referring to the official common practice of protection that prohibits trains from entering specific areas while they are being occupied by people working on the ground.  This protection would have to be set up by communication between CSX and Amtrak so that interference between the passing of trains though areas occupied by people on the ground would be prohibited.  Providing such protection was the recommendation of the NTSB in their accident report on the Ivy City disaster, which is quoted in blue:   

Recommendation

As a result of its investigation, the National Transportation Safety Board makes the following new safety recommendation:

To CSX Transportation and the National Railroad Passenger Corporation:

Prohibit employees from fouling adjacent tracks of another railroad unless the employees are provided protection from trains and/or equipment on the adjacent tracks by means of communication between the two railroads. (R-19-006)

As I mentioned, I doubt that CSX and Amtrak will arrange such protection as recommended by the NTSB.  If they don’t, then I suggest adding the rule and training that I have described in this thread.

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Posted by Convicted One on Sunday, June 23, 2019 2:21 PM

I just look at the impact, both time and money,  that would have on the "other" railroad, and can't see it happening.  

Railroad A passes parallel to railroad B, and anytime railroad B has an issue that has employees walking their train, (in the vicinity of said parallel trackage) then railroad A has to curtail operations until railroad B gets it's problem solved? No one is going to be very enthusiastic about compliance here.

I'd expect what will happen is that some new rule will get written that specifies allowable behavior for the crew on the ground, and threatens termination for non-compliance....and that will be the end of it.

One interesting aspect that I don't think anyone has mentioned yet, is that this was not just the dumb mistake of one, non-observant person. Two human beings "failed" here, so the circumstances had to be sufficiently complex to evade the perception of two people present at the time. You'll never be able to eliminate all accidents, too many variables. All you can try to do is learn from each one and try to apply that knowledge going forward

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Posted by Euclid on Sunday, June 23, 2019 2:41 PM

Convicted One

I just look at the impact, both time and money,  that would have on the "other" railroad, and can't see it happening.  

Railroad A passes parallel to railroad B, and anytime railroad B has an issue that has employees walking their train, (in the vicinity of said parallel trackage) then railroad A has to curtail operations until railroad B gets it's problem solved? No one is going to be very enthusiastic about compliance here.

I'd expect what will happen is that some new rule will get written that specifies allowable behavior for the crew on the ground, and threatens termination for non-compliance....and that will be the end of it.

One interesting aspect that I don't think anyone has mentioned yet, is that this was not just the dumb mistake of one, non-observant person. Two human beings "failed" here, so the circumstances had to be sufficiently complex to evade the perception of two people present at the time. You'll never be able to eliminate all accidents, too many variables. All you can try to do is learn from each one and try to apply that knowledge going forward

 

No, I don't think the companies will abide by the recommendation of NTSB on providing protection.  So what would the new rule say?  What would be the allowable behavior of the crew on the ground? 

I certainly don't think that the two victims made a "dumb mistake", as you call it.  We only have a small snapshot of their behavior.  They suddenly spotted #66 coming at them.  During the remaining 10 seconds, their attention was fixated on that train.  And during that 10 seconds, they became distracted and did not realise it.  So they forgot to look back.  For all we know, they had been turning to look back every 5 seconds during the prior part of their walk.  They may not have even been fouling the track until they came the last few cars of their train which then shifted over to toward them in the crossover. 

This interesting aspect that you mention is the one singular point I have been trying to make over and over.  Two people failed and that does indicate something rather strange.  That is the point.  This is not simply loss of situational awareness.  If anything is to be learned from this mistake, that should be it.  This was caused by an illusion and not just the loss of situational awareness.  In the 1880s Lehigh Valley accident that I mentioned, about 30 people simultaneously failed to see what was happening because of the same illusion that is part this type of complex circumstances invovled in two trains being perceived as one train. 

 

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Posted by Convicted One on Sunday, June 23, 2019 4:06 PM

Euclid
I certainly don't think that the two victims made a "dumb mistake", as you call it.

Just to remain abundantly clear, what I said was 'this was not just the dumb mistake of one non-observant person'


That is a far cry from me  identifying the two victim's error as a dumb mistake.

The reason I chose the wording I did is because there seems to be a popular mindset here among some, that anyone who does not share their priorities and their POV, must be morons. And I, like you, think there  is a little  more than just a lapse of common sense involved here.

Unlike you, however, I don't believe that we can ever hope to have a set of safety rules so comprehensive that accidents will become  completey avoidable.

Human nature will assure that  you won't.

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Posted by Euclid on Sunday, June 23, 2019 5:01 PM

Convicted One
 
Euclid
I certainly don't think that the two victims made a "dumb mistake", as you call it.

 

Just to remain abundantly clear, what I said was 'this was not just the dumb mistake of one non-observant person'


That is a far cry from me  identifying the two victim's error as a dumb mistake.

The reason I chose the wording I did is because there seems to be a popular mindset here among some, that anyone who does not share their priorities and their POV, must be morons. And I, like you, think there  is a little  more than just a lapse of common sense involved here.

Unlike you, however, I don't believe that we can ever hope to have a set of safety rules so comprehensive that accidents will become  completey avoidable.

Human nature will assure that  you won't.

 

Okay, I see exactly what you meant now that I look at it again.  Really, what you meant was that it was not a dumb mistake at all.  I'm sorry for misinterpreting you.  I am glad that you see what I see in this being more than a simple loss of common sense or something like not paying enough attention in a way that they were negligent. 

In terms of better training, I see two possible solutions.  One would be to put in that rule I suggested earlier requiring anyone on any track of a multiple track mainline to get clear of the track immediatley upon the appearance of any train on any of the tracks in that mainline set.  At least that is something with a specific meaning that is enforceable.  And in learning the rule, one will also learn the reason for it, which is to not get caught by the illusion of two trains sounding like one. 

The other solution would be to train the actual experience of the illusion.  This experience will register the danger far more effectively than just an explanation of it.  Maybe some form of simulated virtual reality could give the actual experience.  Show how a cautious thought process can be underway, and suddenly be caught off guard by this illusion.  Then teach the danger signs for this trap, so people can learn to arm themselves against it.

I would not expect it to prevent every accident of this type.  But I think it could prevent 95% of them.  In fact, I believe that far more of the unique two train illusion accidents could be prevented than the more common daydreaming loss of situational awareness accidents.  I don't know how any of those could be prevented. 

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Posted by charlie hebdo on Sunday, June 23, 2019 5:22 PM

There is research to support the idea that having two people makes it less likely that either one will act cautiously. Each thinks the other is keeping watch. 

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