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4-4-0 Plans

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  • Member since
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4-4-0 Plans
Posted by UV Modeller on Tuesday, March 1, 2022 10:09 PM

Hello,

I am currently modeling th Unadilla Valley Railroad. This curent layout which is still in its infancy. But has proven to require a lot of research and modifications to the trains to make it match the prototype.

That being said, I am currently working on scratchbuilding my first locomotive U.V. Engine 1 Pendragon, a 4-4-0 American. I have been able to gather enough information to get plenty of details and well as the spacing for the wheel arrangements and size of the wheels.

However, I have been unable to get any sort of plans in regard to the overall dimensions of the locomotive as a whole which is stifling my progress.

Does anyone know where I can obtain these sort of plans or additional information on this type of locomotives measurements as a whole?

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Posted by wrench567 on Wednesday, March 2, 2022 1:42 PM

Do you know who the builder was? I would think a kitbash over a scratch would be closer to a final delivery.

   Pete.

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Posted by wrench567 on Wednesday, March 2, 2022 1:52 PM

The Dilly Dally line has a historical society. There may be some info from them.

  Pete.

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Posted by Overmod on Wednesday, March 2, 2022 4:13 PM

You probably need to decide the general era of 4-4-0 involved -- is this a 'new' engine of particular vintage, or an older design bought or kept over for current service?  

The spacing between the driver axles is the room for the deep, narrow firebox.  Eccentrics for the valve gear are on the forward driver axle, which is the main in most of these designs, and the rod angularity determines the main rod length up to the crosshead, which then dictates something about the stroke.

Most of the classic Americans were built with a patented construction which allowed the frame to be separated into two parts for maintenance: the rear half stayed with the boiler, the front half contained the rockers and levers for the link gear (which greatly simplified its maintenance and adjustment) -- note that the gear is usually inside, but has a bell-crank arrangement to bring the valve motion outside to spindles in line with the cylinders.  These were often multiport or grid valves; in those days the idea was to have relatively small ports relatively close together and have short little valve travel -- so Trick porting (where you have multiple ports all machined to be timed the same for inlet and exhaust) becomes an interesting way to valve an appropriate amount of nonsuperheated steam and then exhaust its higher volume effectively with comparatively small motion.  This gives you longer and wider valve boxes above the cylinders, and in fact this could approximate some of the Franklin System designs with comparatively large piping and structures above the cylinder passage/dead spaces at each end.

Boilers have that sharp taper to give more room above the crownsheet, but not use excessive metal at the front of the boiler.  Note the position and height of the dome; it assists with handling priming or foaming due to bad water.  

Feedwater pumps were rod-driven until after the 1851 invention of the injector (which was developed for dirigible balloons!)

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Posted by UV Modeller on Wednesday, March 2, 2022 9:45 PM

Thank you for all your suggestions. Thanks to the UV historical society, I know the locomotive was a 50-ton standard American 4-4-0 with 62” driving wheels, builder’s plate was #3036, and was delivered in early February, 1895built by the Rhode Island Locomotive works to make it more specific. It was purchased new from what I have read and was kept in service for a few decades swapping its pilot and being repainted sometime in the mid 20s.

 

As long as I can get the firebox, cab and boiler measurements I’ll have enough information to draw up final plans and start working with brass to make the parts I can’t purchase.

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Posted by "JaBear" on Thursday, March 3, 2022 4:40 AM
Gidday, Welcome to the Forum.
 
While carrying out research on my own scratch building / kit bashing projects, I’ve found that finding drawings for specific railroad equipment is akin to the search for the Holy Grail! That the equipment actually existed means that there were actual build drawings but whether they still exist is a moot point!
 
Now if someone comes up with the Rhode Island Locomotive Works drawings for No.1, Great!!!
 
However, you do have the luxury in that there are enough, to be fair there’s never enough, photos of both the engineers and fireman’s sides to draw plans off.
 
Note. I’ve never attempted to scratch build a locomotive, but this is the process I use.
Having the wheel diameter and wheel spacing measurements is a great start.
 
So, using Word and an HO scale ruler, I’m assuming that you’re working in HO scale, though the process should work in any scale, I’d manipulate a suitable photo to scale, and using the known wheel diameter dimension, draw a grid, and determine the rest of the dimensions.
 
Unadilla Valley No.1 by Bear, on Flickr
 
On a cursory glance, it would appear that No.1 remained the same basic shape throughout her life, no apparent reboilering, changes to the steam chest, smoke box, funnel, tender and cab.
There were 3 different head lights fitted, the original acetylene, and two electric. An air pump and air tank were later additions, and at some stage a cowcatcher was fitted. Whether you model these depends on your time frame.
 
A fellow Forum Member RDGCasey has done some fine scratch built steam locomotives, and it appears that when looking for a donor locomotive he looks at the driving wheel dimensions, and spacing, then proceeds from there. Another comment that he made in one of his build threads was along the lines that the completed look is more important than actual dimensions.
 
One of Caseys threads.
 
I’m not sure what’s available as a possible donor 4-4-0.
Have fun,
Cheers, the Bear.Smile

"One difference between pessimists and optimists is that while pessimists are more often right, optimists have far more fun."

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Posted by dknelson on Thursday, March 3, 2022 10:13 AM

So this is a "late model" air brakes era 4-4-0 compared to the Civil War and 1870s models more commonly seen from Mantua, Bachmann, and AHM/Rivarossi, yet not as "modern" as, say, the C&IM or Ma & Pa 4-4-0s.  The sand and steam domes for example are of a more modern smooth rounded profile, as is the headlight.  The cab and tender look a little more old fashioned.  The capped stack seems old fashioned but some railroads such as the T&P kept using capped stacks well into the 20th century.  Is that a steam generator I see snuggled next to the front of the cab?

Although certain elements might not be spot on, the photo resembles the boiler/cab casting that Cary developed to fit over the Mantua General chassis and tender (tender drive).  I have some recollection that the Cary prototype might have been a Milwaukee Road locomotive of 1890s vintage, so the end result would have a similar combinaton of factors and attributes that this photo shows.  I also recall that the driver wheelbase length of The General did not really match the prototypes of the Cary boiler but it was the best available and most could live with the compromise.  

Dave Nelson

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Posted by BEAUSABRE on Thursday, March 3, 2022 11:23 AM

Cary said it was based on a prototype built by Pittsburgh

https://imgur.com/J2KD4xM

https://imgur.com/EXsgxHo

Ebay could be your friend

 

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Posted by wrench567 on Thursday, March 3, 2022 11:25 AM

Depending on what year the photo was taken. It appears there were a few upgrades done. Electric headlight is one with the steam generator. There is a lubricator line going to the top of the steam chest that looks like a later addition. Is that a bell mounted on the tender deck?  The early type non lifting injector under the fireman's side looks as built, but there appears to be another on the other side because you can see the piping. The air pump is a very early Westinghouse. It matches the pictures in a 1895 locomotive builders encyclopedia along with the pressed steel air reservoir.

  Another great source of information is the old locomotive encyclopedias. Google books has a few for download.

    Pete.

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Posted by UV Modeller on Thursday, March 3, 2022 7:42 PM

So I am working off of the measurements I know to make a rough first stage blueprint of the locomotive primarily off the 62 inch wheels.

 

However, I have also found a Ken Kidder 4-4-0 on eBay (I’ll post the link for at the bottom) which seems at least from the pictures to have the same exact boiler and some placement as my prototype. Of course it’s still possible I’m overlooking something in it.

 

I am wondering if with the plans I am already working on if it’s more efficient, cost effective or prototypical even to purchase this locomotive just for the boiler and perhaps the firebox and then completely overhaul everything else. Or if it's better to scratch build it with the rest of the locomotive, as was the original plan. The goal of this project is to have a locomotive as close to the prototype as I possibly can For an HO model.

 

Of course both will still require the same research and measurements off the available images to complete.

 

Here is the link;

 

https://www.ebay.com/itm/Ken-Kidder-3538-HO-Scale-Brass-NYC-HRR-4-4-0-Steam-Locomotive-Box-/334220482029?mkcid=16&mkevt=1&_trksid=p2349624.m46890.l49286&mkrid=711-127632-2357-0

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Posted by BEAUSABRE on Thursday, March 3, 2022 10:58 PM

Here's some photos for you

 

First – Must be brand new, has no headlight, but with a backup light and plow pilot on the tender

 

https://imgur.com/5gwtdlM

 

Second – Deleted

 

Third – We now have an electric light

 

https://imgur.com/Hla8eKv

 

Four – And an air compressor

 

https://imgur.com/7mIWcFY

 

Five – If you look closely you can see the turbogenerator and its stack between the steam dome and the cab

 

https://imgur.com/YkwLG78

 

Six – on the high (?) iron

 

https://imgur.com/wervFiC

 

And a point about nomenclature - a "steam generator" is a small boiler on a diesel or electric locomotive to provide steam to heat passenger cars. The thingee providing the juice on a steamer is a "turbogenerator" or "dynamo". Steam came in and turned a turbine that turned a generator

Steam Turbine Powered Generator | This sits way up high on t… | Flickr

 The turbine is on the left, the generator on the right

File:Turbogenerator-TG-1M-of-LV-steam-loco.jpg - Wikimedia Commons

 

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Posted by "JaBear" on Friday, March 4, 2022 3:08 AM

BEAUSABRE
Third – We now have an electric light

Another style of headlight on No 1.
 
 
Also now fitted with a cowcatcher.
 
It might just be an educated wild stab in the dark, but I suspect that it’s a small Pyle National steam turbine generator.
 
You do realise UV Modeller, that we’re wanting your build progress photos! (No pressure, mind!!)Smile, Wink & Grin
Cheers, the Bear.Smile

"One difference between pessimists and optimists is that while pessimists are more often right, optimists have far more fun."

  • Member since
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Posted by "JaBear" on Saturday, March 5, 2022 3:49 AM
Ahhh, the joys of being under moderation, don’t worry it should end soon.
 
UV Modeller
I am wondering if with the plans I am already working on if it’s more efficient, cost effective or prototypical even to purchase this locomotive just for the boiler and perhaps the firebox and then completely overhaul everything else. Or if it's better to scratch build it with the rest of the locomotive, as was the original plan. The goal of this project is to have a locomotive as close to the prototype as I possibly can For an HO model.
 
I dare not to tell you how to build your locomotive but here’s some possible donors.
 
I can’t even find dimensions for that Ken Kidder model. I presume that you would also want a reliable runner, and I don’t know enough about that model to comment.
 
However, during a search for HO scale American 4-4-0 locomotives I came across this, on the Rivarossi 4-4-0s. As the author points out these are indifferent runners, sand the motor is in the tender, but the driver diameter is 63. As you will see there is a drawing of the Baldwin locomotive, the Rivarossi model is derived from. This should help in comparing UV No. 1s dimensions.
 
 
Another alternative is the Bachman 4-4-0 based on the 1901 Maryland & Pennsylvania locomotives, As, you will see it’s very different but the drivers are 62” and the driver spacing is 7’6”. There is a drawing of this locomotive in the March 1965 Model Railroader.
 
 
 
There is also this offering from Bachman…
 

 
… again, I don’t know the dimensions, and guess these will only be available on the 2nd hand market.
The only comment I’ll make regarding the “new” Bachman locomotives is that they should be reliable runners.
 
Hopefully wiser others will have more relevant information.
Good luck, and Have Fun,
Cheers, the Bear.Smile

"One difference between pessimists and optimists is that while pessimists are more often right, optimists have far more fun."

  • Member since
    August 2011
  • From: A Comfy Cave, New Zealand
  • 6,247 posts
Posted by "JaBear" on Monday, March 7, 2022 2:55 PM

I can’t even find dimensions for that Ken Kidder model.

From this 1964 Ken Kidder catalogue, courtesy of the excellent Hoseeker site, the drivers diameter is 78”.
 
Cheers, the Bear.Smile

"One difference between pessimists and optimists is that while pessimists are more often right, optimists have far more fun."

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