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Rookie Railfan Questions

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Posted by steve-in-kville on Tuesday, November 19, 2019 10:20 AM
Another train I've seen twice now.... small containers, two to a flatbed. Beaten, dented, rusty and some even had ducktaped patches on them. Please tell me their going to be scrapped and they are not in use. Always headed east.

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Posted by BaltACD on Tuesday, November 19, 2019 10:24 AM

steve-in-kville
Another train I've seen twice now.... small containers, two to a flatbed. Beaten, dented, rusty and some even had ducktaped patches on them. Please tell me their going to be scrapped and they are not in use. Always headed east.

Color of containers, container numbers, carrier on whose line the containers were seen?

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Posted by steve-in-kville on Tuesday, November 19, 2019 11:11 AM
NS Harrisburg East. Grey containers. Couldn't make out anything beyond that. As mentioned, they dented and patched.

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Posted by oltmannd on Tuesday, November 19, 2019 11:36 AM

-Don (Random stuff, mostly about trains - what else? http://blerfblog.blogspot.com/

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Posted by steve-in-kville on Tuesday, November 19, 2019 1:19 PM
I can't find a picture to save my life right now. They were the same height as a 53' container, but a lot shorter and there were multiple containers per car. Also, the couplings were some strange pivoting connection. I'll try to find a picture somewhere....

Regards - Steve

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Posted by Flintlock76 on Tuesday, November 19, 2019 2:32 PM

Short grey beat-up containers?

I've seen 'em come through here from time to time.

Sure sounds like a "poo-poo choo-choo" to me!

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Posted by jeffhergert on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 12:31 AM

tree68

 

 
steve-in-kville
There is always a hopper car at the beginning and the end. I'm guessing this is for safety/protection? Are they loaded with anything?

 

Yes and yes.  

Hazmat regs require at least five non-hazmat cars between the hazmat and the locomotives on manifest consists.  For unit trains, just one car is acceptable. 

They are usually loaded with sand or gravel - something to give them weight.

 

The type of train is immaterial.  It's the train's car consist that governs.  For restricted loaded hazmat tank cars (there is some hazmat that has no restrictions, can go anywhere in the train) it's 5 buffer cars - train length permitting.  If train length doesn't permit, use all available with a minimum of 1 car. 

Train length as used can be somewhat misleading in that it doesn't reference footage or just the number of cars in a train.   It means the entire car consist of a train.  It could be 10 cars or 110 cars. 

I'll grant you that a manifest, in most cases, will have more cars available to be used as buffer cars.  However, if a manifest was made up of 4 non hazardous cars and 96 cars of hazardous, all hazardous of the same class and OK to be next to each other, it would be good to go with the 4 buffer cars.

On the other hand, a loaded unit train (ethanol, alcohol, oil, etc.) with engines all up front and two available buffer cars would have to have both up front.  Empty cars and trains are different.  For an empty hazmat tank car, only one buffer is required.

Jeff 

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Posted by BaltACD on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 1:19 AM

jeffhergert
On the other hand, a loaded unit train (ethanol, alcohol, oil, etc.) with engines all up front and two available buffer cars would have to have both up front.  Empty cars and trains are different.  For an empty hazmat tank car, only one buffer is required.

Jeff 

When operating across CSX where manned helpers were being used - there would be a buffer car on each end.  If a train from the West came with only a head end buffer car, then the helper crew would have to 'dig out' a car from the location where they would attach to the train to be the rear end buffer car.  Many times trains requiring buffer cars would require them in both directions over the mountains, both loaded and empty trains needed manned helpers.

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Posted by jeffhergert on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 3:05 AM

BaltACD

 

 
jeffhergert
On the other hand, a loaded unit train (ethanol, alcohol, oil, etc.) with engines all up front and two available buffer cars would have to have both up front.  Empty cars and trains are different.  For an empty hazmat tank car, only one buffer is required.

Jeff 

 

When operating across CSX where manned helpers were being used - there would be a buffer car on each end.  If a train from the West came with only a head end buffer car, then the helper crew would have to 'dig out' a car from the location where they would attach to the train to be the rear end buffer car.  Many times trains requiring buffer cars would require them in both directions over the mountains, both loaded and empty trains needed manned helpers.

 

Did/do they have a waiver to do that?  I've heard before of that being done, but it isn't the way the CFR reads.

Jeff

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Posted by zugmann on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 3:51 AM

jeffhergert
If train length doesn't permit, use all available with a minimum of 1 car.

Our rules say if length doesn't permit 5 buffer cars between engines and placarded cars, then the dangerous cars must be "near the middle".   That's why our unit oil/ethanol/whatever trains are allowed to have one buffer fore and aft.

 

I'm sure there's a yard where we interchange our stuff to you that has 45,000* extra buffer cars sitting in it.

 

*- my approximation

It's been fun.  But it isn't much fun anymore.   Signing off for now. 


  

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 7:16 AM

zugmann
I'm sure there's a yard where we interchange our stuff to you that has 45,000* extra buffer cars sitting in it.

 

*- my approximation

 
It's not an interchange yard but I recall seeing dozens of dedicated buffer cars sitting on yard tracks on BNSF at Williston ND.  It was rather surreal.
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Posted by steve-in-kville on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 10:33 AM
Apparently what I saw is a 4-Position Flat Car. Made to carry 2 20' containers, usually municipal waste. So maybe I'm seeing the empties coming back from the west to haul trash out of Philly or NYC?

Regards - Steve

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Posted by jeffhergert on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 10:51 AM

zugmann

 

 
jeffhergert
If train length doesn't permit, use all available with a minimum of 1 car.

 

Our rules say if length doesn't permit 5 buffer cars between engines and placarded cars, then the dangerous cars must be "near the middle".   That's why our unit oil/ethanol/whatever trains are allowed to have one buffer fore and aft.

 

I'm sure there's a yard where we interchange our stuff to you that has 45,000* extra buffer cars sitting in it.

 

*- my approximation

 

Our rules use the same language, but that's assuming an occupied caboose in the entire verbiage.  A buffer on the rear with less than 5 on the head end of a conventional loaded unit train triggers a placement error.  

I can agree many times there are cars that could be used as buffer cars sitting around.  It's just the law doesn't require them to go out of their way to add them to a train.

Jeff

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Posted by tree68 on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 11:06 AM

jeffhergert
A buffer on the rear with less than 5 on the head end of a conventional loaded unit train triggers a placement error.  

I often see unit trains with a single buffer front and rear.  Seeing a 2+0 set-up is unusual.

Then, again, I've seen some that have a single buffer at the front and none at the rear.

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Posted by BaltACD on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 11:32 AM

jeffhergert
 
BaltACD 
jeffhergert
On the other hand, a loaded unit train (ethanol, alcohol, oil, etc.) with engines all up front and two available buffer cars would have to have both up front.  Empty cars and trains are different.  For an empty hazmat tank car, only one buffer is required.

Jeff  

When operating across CSX where manned helpers were being used - there would be a buffer car on each end.  If a train from the West came with only a head end buffer car, then the helper crew would have to 'dig out' a car from the location where they would attach to the train to be the rear end buffer car.  Many times trains requiring buffer cars would require them in both directions over the mountains, both loaded and empty trains needed manned helpers. 

Did/do they have a waiver to do that?  I've heard before of that being done, but it isn't the way the CFR reads.

Jeff

Have no idea about who has talked to who for waivers or anything else.  Just know what I have seen on train consists when I was working and what I have seen on the Rochelle Web Cam going by on the BNSF 'tank' trains, be they oil or eathanol.

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Posted by steve-in-kville on Wednesday, November 20, 2019 12:48 PM
Here's one I witnessed a few days ago: the dispatcher ordered speed restrictions as a train a few blocks ahead was behind switching out some cars. This is a level grade stretch of track. Is it easier to reduce throttle and allow the train to slow down gradually? Or start the braking process? The train had a good 9 miles, I think.

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Posted by jeffhergert on Thursday, November 21, 2019 6:03 PM

steve-in-kville
Here's one I witnessed a few days ago: the dispatcher ordered speed restrictions as a train a few blocks ahead was behind switching out some cars. This is a level grade stretch of track. Is it easier to reduce throttle and allow the train to slow down gradually? Or start the braking process? The train had a good 9 miles, I think.
 

I though I saw Balt provide an answer to this question.  Then I responded to something else on this thread.  Where did those two posts go?

To answer this, it depends on where the slow is, what the speed is, the 'lay of the land' approaching it, and the type of train.  Without using air brakes, you might be able to get close and then use some dynamics, you might even be able to just use throttle modulation.  Or you might need to start slowing earlier.

For known restrictions, throttle modulation and using the grade is the preferred method, using dynamics is second, then using dynamics with some air brakes is third.  Just using air brakes alone is frowned upon, but it seems not nearly as much as it once was.  The reason is fuel effeciency. 

There are some places that with some trains, you're better off to stretch/power brake (applying air brakes while the locomotives are still in power, pulling the train) through a restriction.  I think those in charge finally realize this, as they have liberalized their definition (mainly what throttle notch you're in) of what constitutes power braking.

Jeff   

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Posted by jeffhergert on Thursday, November 21, 2019 6:11 PM

BaltACD

 

 
jeffhergert
 
BaltACD 
jeffhergert
On the other hand, a loaded unit train (ethanol, alcohol, oil, etc.) with engines all up front and two available buffer cars would have to have both up front.  Empty cars and trains are different.  For an empty hazmat tank car, only one buffer is required.

Jeff  

When operating across CSX where manned helpers were being used - there would be a buffer car on each end.  If a train from the West came with only a head end buffer car, then the helper crew would have to 'dig out' a car from the location where they would attach to the train to be the rear end buffer car.  Many times trains requiring buffer cars would require them in both directions over the mountains, both loaded and empty trains needed manned helpers. 

Did/do they have a waiver to do that?  I've heard before of that being done, but it isn't the way the CFR reads.

Jeff

 

Have no idea about who has talked to who for waivers or anything else.  Just know what I have seen on train consists when I was working and what I have seen on the Rochelle Web Cam going by on the BNSF 'tank' trains, be they oil or eathanol.

 

After reading how Zug's carrier has them interpret the rule (placing HM near the middle/center of the train when there aren't the full requirement of buffer cars), one could argue that meets the law as written.  The interpretation we are given is that center/middle only applies when there are helpers (manned or DP) or an occupied caboose at the rear.

I guess is that why we have lawyers.  One set to write the rules, another to interpret what was written and how to apply it.

Jeff 

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Posted by tree68 on Thursday, November 21, 2019 7:43 PM

jeffhergert
I guess is that why we have lawyers.  One set to write the rules, another to interpret what was written and how to apply it.

Although sometimes you wonder if both are talking about the same thing...

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Posted by BaltACD on Thursday, November 21, 2019 8:39 PM

jeffhergert
I guess is that why we have lawyers.  One set to write the rules, another to interpret what was written and how to apply it.

Jeff 

And both sets work to squeeze the operating employees in between.

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Posted by Sunnyland on Friday, November 22, 2019 9:46 AM

Welcome to the world of railfanning and you have come to the right place to get info. I know the basics from being a lifelong fan growing up in a railroad family. But many on here can give you detailed info to questions. 

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Posted by steve-in-kville on Tuesday, November 26, 2019 10:05 AM

Some random questions about the Horseshoe Curve live stream:

1- Two days in a row I've seen two tethered locomotives without a train head westbound. Where is their train?

2- Is the camera controlled by someone, or just follows motion?

3- How long have the derailed cars been laying aside the track? Are there plans to recover them?

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Tuesday, November 26, 2019 10:32 AM

Answer to the first question is that the locomotives may be a helper set deadheading to meet their next train.

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Posted by MMLDelete on Tuesday, November 26, 2019 12:35 PM

At Horseshoe curve, wouldn't deadheading helper units be moving eastward?

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Posted by steve-in-kville on Tuesday, November 26, 2019 12:40 PM

Lithonia Operator

At Horseshoe curve, wouldn't deadheading helper units be moving eastward?

 

 

Definately west. Saw the same thing yesterday when I was watching.

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Posted by BaltACD on Tuesday, November 26, 2019 12:54 PM

steve-in-kville
 
Lithonia Operator

At Horseshoe curve, wouldn't deadheading helper units be moving eastward? 

Definately west. Saw the same thing yesterday when I was watching.

One thing many people overlook about helpers.  They don't only help trains upgrade.  In many cases they are also needed for their additional braking power to get trains downgrade.

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Posted by tree68 on Tuesday, November 26, 2019 1:03 PM

steve-in-kville

Some random questions about the Horseshoe Curve live stream:

1- Two days in a row I've seen two tethered locomotives without a train head westbound. Where is their train?

Answered by others.

steve-in-kville
2- Is the camera controlled by someone, or just follows motion?

The cam at HSC is controlled by the moderators.  It is one of a number of railroad cameras operated by an outfit called Virtual Railfan.  I often watch the cameras at Deshler, OH.  It is a subscription service, but some of the cams are also shown free on YouTube.

steve-in-kville
3- How long have the derailed cars been laying aside the track? Are there plans to recover them?

It's probably been a month.  There were two derailments there in fairly short order, and I think portions of each video may have been saved by the VR folks.  As to when they will be removed, it's anyone's guess.  NS probably knows.  Given the traffic through the curve, I'd imagine they're in no hurry.

LarryWhistling
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Posted by steve-in-kville on Tuesday, November 26, 2019 1:10 PM
I checked out Virtual Railfan and may try the free membership or perhaps the two-day pass over the holiday weekend.

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Posted by steve-in-kville on Monday, December 2, 2019 5:37 AM

Had several train watching sessions at my favorite hunting spot this past weekend. A few more questions:

1) Do the same horn regulations apply if the train is at a reduced speed? (i.e at crossings)

2) I heard the dispatcher say they had a train that couldn't be stopped or slowed and was warning a train a few blocks ahead that they "had 10 minutes to finish at a siding." Do certain trains have priority over others?

3) This one is petty, but I have all of NS's frequencies in my radio. The channel I hear everything on is labeled "track 3" even though we only have track 1 and 2. Why?

Regards - Steve

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Posted by tree68 on Monday, December 2, 2019 7:31 AM

steve-in-kville

Had several train watching sessions at my favorite hunting spot this past weekend. A few more questions:

1) Do the same horn regulations apply if the train is at a reduced speed? (i.e at crossings)

Yes - the rules are written both for speed and distance.  The key one at lower speeds is that the warning must begin to be sounded 15-20 seconds before reaching the crossing.  The exception is the distance portion - the warning is not to be started more that 1/4 mile away.  A train will be clipping along pretty well to have to deal with that limitation.

steve-in-kville
2) I heard the dispatcher say they had a train that couldn't be stopped or slowed and was warning a train a few blocks ahead that they "had 10 minutes to finish at a siding." Do certain trains have priority over others?

Yes - Railroads will sign contracts guaranteeing certain performance parameters for that customer.  There are likely penalties if the promised times aren't met.

steve-in-kville
3) This one is petty, but I have all of NS's frequencies in my radio. The channel I hear everything on is labeled "track 3" even though we only have track 1 and 2. Why?

Without seeing your reference for the frequencies, I would suspect that "track 3" is a label rather than a reference to specific tracks.  Labels such as "Road 1," "Road 2," "Yard," "MOW," etc, are common.  If you were to travel to another NS line you might well hear traffic on one of the other channels, or if there is the possibility of radio traffic on one channel interfering with radio traffic on another you'll hear the same thing.

LarryWhistling
Resident Microferroequinologist (at least at my house) 
Everyone goes home; Safety begins with you
My Opinion. Standard Disclaimers Apply. No Expiration Date
Come ride the rails with me!
There's one thing about humility - the moment you think you've got it, you've lost it...

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