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Coal in the steam era

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Posted by Euclid on Monday, November 19, 2018 6:41 PM

I like this video model of the Titanic engine room.  I don't know if the sound is accurate, but it sounds convincing.  The boiler room complex is amazing.  Working in it must have been quite an experience.  Boiler rooms can be intimidating.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptDFqY-0Do8

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Posted by NittanyLion on Monday, November 19, 2018 6:07 PM

Overmod

 

 
BaltACD
It is believed that Titanic sailed from England with a fire in her coal bunkers.

 

And this weakened the critical bulkhead into that last fireroom...

Perhaps even more to the point, coal bunkerage 'done wrong' is likely a proximate cause of the rapid sinking of both Lusitania and Britannic.

Coal was a very, very dumb liner fuel.

 

Dumb compared to....what other fuel that was readily available?

Plus, attributing the loss of those three liners to coal-related incidents drifts heavily into paraphrasing Pickett's and saying "I've always thought the torpedoes had something to do with it."

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Posted by Overmod on Monday, November 19, 2018 5:15 PM

BaltACD
It is believed that Titanic sailed from England with a fire in her coal bunkers.

And this weakened the critical bulkhead into that last fireroom...

Perhaps even more to the point, coal bunkerage 'done wrong' is likely a proximate cause of the rapid sinking of both Lusitania and Britannic.

Coal was a very, very dumb liner fuel.

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Posted by BaltACD on Monday, November 19, 2018 4:49 PM

Jones1945
 
SeeYou190

I am sure it was less than 10%. Probably much less.

.Coal was used for everything, almost all buildings had boilers. Most houses were heated by coal or wood.

.Industries all used steam power. Steel mills devoured the stuff. Electrical generation was probably 75% coal at least.

.-Kevin 

Also, some long forgotten transportation like coal-burning ships, ferries, fishing boat and ocean liners which were built before RMS Aquitania of 1913, and SS Vaterland of 1913 were all fed with coal.

Renowned transatlantic liner like RMS Mauretania consumes about 5000 to 6,000 tons of coal in a single trip, enough to fill up 214 UP 4-8-8-4 Big Boy tenders. But many transatlantic liners converted to oil-burning since the 1920s. 

It is believed that Titanic sailed from England with a fire in her coal bunkers.

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Posted by Jones1945 on Monday, November 19, 2018 3:44 PM

SeeYou190

I am sure it was less than 10%. Probably much less.

.Coal was used for everything, almost all buildings had boilers. Most houses were heated by coal or wood.

.Industries all used steam power. Steel mills devoured the stuff. Electrical generation was probably 75% coal at least.

.-Kevin

Also, some long forgotten transportation like coal-burning ships, ferries, fishing boat and ocean liners which were built before RMS Aquitania of 1913, and SS Vaterland of 1913 were all fed with coal.

Renowned transatlantic liner like RMS Mauretania consumes about 5000 to 6,000 tons of coal in a single trip, enough to fill up 214 UP 4-8-8-4 Big Boy tenders. But many transatlantic liners converted to oil-burning since the 1920s. 

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Posted by Deggesty on Monday, November 19, 2018 2:08 PM

timz

The ICC annual report says in 1929 US Class I steam locomotives consumed 113.9 million tons of bituminous, 1.6 million tons anthracite, 2.6 billion gallons fuel oil -- and 19499 cords of hard wood and 52815 cords of soft wood. What Class I would that be?

In 1929, US produced 535 million tons of bituminous coal.

 

Thus, roughly 23% of the bituminous coal was used by the Class I railroads in that year. 

Johnny

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Posted by Overmod on Monday, November 19, 2018 1:42 PM

Murphy Siding
There were trains still using a lot of wood for fuel in 1929?

Review the procedure for firing up boilers from cold.  You did not dump a burning oil-soaked rag on a pile of bituminous coal and wait for the heat and smoke to convect their way out the stack. 

I do have a suspicion that in 1929 there were some Class Is -- Southern comes promptly to mind -- that might still be using woodburning locomotives on things like accommodation trains. 

54light15
They call them "gasometers" for some reason.

They are called that because they are not just 'reservoirs' for gas storage; they provide the required service pressure independent of what may have been involved in gas generation and transfer pressure.  In so doing, they provide positive-displacement volumetric delivery measurement (as well as a relatively easy-to-read visual guide of the volume of gas available in the system).  When producer gas (instead of natural gas) is being used, it doesn't pay to make a large volume of gas merely to store it; supply should lead demand, but only 'just' net of all prediction and production delays. 

(And if you wonder, as I did when I was small in a house with a gas oven, why the cartoon suicide trope was 'putting one's head in the oven' -- review the composition of most city gas as provided in these systems...)

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Posted by Euclid on Monday, November 19, 2018 1:21 PM

timz
Yeah, wonder what Class I burned any wood.

Maybe they used wood to start coal fires.

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Posted by timz on Monday, November 19, 2018 1:16 PM

Yeah, wonder what Class I burned any wood.

Looks like the Minerals Yearbook is the place to look for coal numbers

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=osu.32435031187982;view=1up;seq=782

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015019917478;view=1up;seq=338

In the second link, anyway, note that the RR consumption given is total, not just by locomotives.

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Monday, November 19, 2018 12:56 PM

timz

The ICC annual report says in 1929 US Class I steam locomotives consumed 113.9 million tons of bituminous, 1.6 million tons anthracite, 2.6 billion gallons fuel oil -- and 19499 cords of hard wood and 52815 cords of soft wood. What Class I would that be?

In 1929, US produced 535 million tons of bituminous coal.

 

There were trains still using a lot of wood for fuel in 1929?

Thanks to Chris / CopCarSS for my avatar.

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Posted by timz on Monday, November 19, 2018 12:06 PM

The ICC annual report says in 1929 US Class I steam locomotives consumed 113.9 million tons of bituminous, 1.6 million tons anthracite, 2.6 billion gallons fuel oil -- and 19499 cords of hard wood and 52815 cords of soft wood. What Class I would that be?

In 1929, US produced 535 million tons of bituminous coal.

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Posted by 54light15 on Monday, November 19, 2018 9:07 AM

You see those expanding tanks all over London, but I don't think any of them are in use. They call them "gasometers" for some reason. 

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Posted by blue streak 1 on Sunday, November 18, 2018 11:17 PM

CShaveRR

Besides all of the uses mentioned, a lot of coal was heated up for the manufacture of cooking gas.  Nearly every community of any size had gas works, with at least one of those large expanding tanks, filled with gas prepared in ovens by cooking (and coking) the coal and preserving the gas.

 

 
Atlanta had one or more of those tanks until the early 1960s located near Terminal station in what is now called the gulch. 
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Posted by timz on Saturday, November 17, 2018 3:21 PM

Think I read that 1948 was the year that decreasing US railroad coal consumption equalled the increasing consumption by electric power plants.

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Posted by CShaveRR on Saturday, November 17, 2018 3:06 PM

In a book I have on carloadings at specific stations on a particular railroad, coal loadings were separated from all other freight loadings.  Yes, this was important business!  Besides all of the uses mentioned, a lot of coal was heated up for the manufacture of cooking gas.  Nearly every community of any size had gas works, with at least one of those large expanding tanks, filled with gas prepared in ovens by cooking (and coking) the coal and preserving the gas.

Carl

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Posted by SeeYou190 on Saturday, November 17, 2018 2:08 PM

Ulrich
Any ideas on what fraction of coal consumption (compared to total coal output) was attributable to railroad use? 10%.. 50%..etc?

.

I am sure it was less than 10%. Probably much less.

.

Coal was used for everything, almost all buildings had boilers. Most houses were heated by coal or wood.

.

Industries all used steam power. Steel mills devoured the stuff. Electrical generation was probably 75% coal at least.

.

-Kevin

.

.

Living the dream.

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Posted by ORNHOO on Friday, November 16, 2018 5:36 PM
I recall an article on the (ill fated) effort in the 1950's to develop a coal fired gas turbine locomotive stating that one out of six tons of coal mined in the U.S. was burned in locomotive grates.
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Coal in the steam era
Posted by Ulrich on Friday, November 16, 2018 1:39 PM

Any ideas on what fraction of coal consumption (compared to total coal output) was attributable to railroad use? 10%.. 50%..etc? 

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