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Modeling The Cotton Industry

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  • Member since
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Modeling The Cotton Industry
Posted by AztecEagle on Monday, April 9, 2012 12:06 PM

Okay.I'm planning on modeling Northwest Texas and the Southern Panhandle circa May 1959.

Besides the way freight,I'd like to have a modest passenger service,so I've narrowed it down to either the now abandoned Dennison-Wichita Falls line on the Katy or the Panhandle&Santa Fe Lubbock-Amarillo line.

Now until the summer of '59,the Katy ran either an RDC3 and when it was in the shop,an FP7 with a Baggage/RPO and a Chair Car.

While the P&SF ran the Eastern Express/West Texas Express from Lubbock to Amarillo where it connected with the San Francisco Chief in Amarillo and the California Special in Lubbock.

Both trains consisted of an E8m;Baggage Express Car;10-6 or 6-6-4 Sleeper and a Chair Car.In Steve Goen's book"Santa Fe In The Lone Star State",sometimes a'Torpedo Boat'GP7 was subsisted for the E8m.

Now modeling both trains are fairly easy to model.Intermountain used to have an FP7 in the(in)famous"William Deramus Red"scheme and Walthers offers a heavyweight chair car in pullman green,though not in Katy lettering.

However,a quick removal of whatever the road name is and replacing it with MKT decals takes care of that.Now finding a heavyweight Baggage/RPO is a little hard,but if you can find either an Athearn or Rivarossi/IHC version,a quick paint job'd work.

The RDC3 is very easy as Life Like/Walthers has one,though not in MKT scheme.But Oddballs Decals offers Katy decals so a quick repaint and decal would work.

Now the Santa Fe's very easy.Athearn;ConCor and Walthers all offer the Streamlined Baggage Car in Santa Fe scheme,plus while Athearn offers the chair car lettered for the Santa Fe and Walthers offers a 10-6 and(I think)the 6-6-4 in Santa Fe as well.

While the E8m is kinda hard to find,any Warbonnet Scheme F3/7'll work.Now getting to the main part of my question.

The main industries in the Texas and Oklahoma Panhandle are Agriculture:Cattle;Cotton and Wheat and Oil and Gas. Now modeling Cattle and Wheat is no problem as both Heljan and Walthers make grain elevators and HO Scale cattle are available from many manufacturers including Bachmann;Walthers and Woodland Scenics plus Life Like and Campbell make models of stockpens.

And Oil of course is no problem either as Walthers has models of pumpjacks.

Now modeling cotton is the problem!!While there are a lot of cotton gins and compresses around-both abandoned and working-all over Texas,the question is how do you model either a cotton gin or compress?

 

Your help is appreciated.

John T.Patterson-aka-The Aztec Eagle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Posted by chutton01 on Monday, April 9, 2012 2:38 PM

First, here's a previous thread on the topic.

Second - would cotton gins (the structures holding the equipment at least) look all that different from other processing facilities of their era?  The E.L. Moore article mentioned in the linked thread was a standard wood-frame building with a covered drive-thru unloading shed that had a "tube" hanging down to represent the vaccuum system to suck up the cotton for processing.  And knowning Moore, a hand-lettered sign out front.

By the late 1950s, you could use concrete block or corrugated buildings, not sure if the Butler building construction explemified by Pikestuff would be in general usage by that era.

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Posted by dehusman on Monday, April 9, 2012 2:54 PM

I would model corrugated metal buildings.  The cotton would be pressed into bales and shipped in boxcars.

I would also model a cotton seed mill.  Cotton seed would be trucked in from the gins.  The mill would produce several products:

  • Cotton seed, bagged in boxcars, bulk in covered hoppers 
  • Cotton seed meal used as a high grade animal feed, bagged in boxcars, bulk in covered hoppers 
  • Cotton seed hulls used as an animal feed filler and landscaping material, bulk in boxcars equipped with grain doors
  • Cotton seed oil in tank cars

The mill would be a large corrugated metal building.  If you look at 5th & Pennsylvannia Aves in Pine Bluff, AR or Planters Dr. and Commerce Rd in Pine Bluff, AR there are two cotton seed mills.  Gets a little more variety to loading pattern.

Dave H. Painted side goes up. My website : wnbranch.com

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Posted by GP-9_Man11786 on Monday, April 9, 2012 8:08 PM

Here's a picture of a period cotton bail:

 

My suggestion for making them would be to use white Styrofoam. Wrap it with brown paper and use black thread for the straps.

Modeling the Pennsylvania Railroad in N Scale.

www.prr-nscale.blogspot.com 

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Posted by jmbjmb on Monday, April 9, 2012 9:25 PM

Here's a link to a gin/oil mill in SC.  Somewhere around here I have some color pictures and drawings I did while in high school back in the 70s before it was torn down.   Keep meaning to do a scratchbuild on it.  It was still partly in service in the 60s but pretty much shut down by the 70s as best I recall as the area planted less cotton.  Overall construction was  a mix of brick, wood, and corrugated.

http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/union/S10817744022/pages/S1081774402226.htm

 

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Posted by steamage on Tuesday, April 10, 2012 9:41 AM

GP-9_Man11786

Here's a picture of a period cotton bail: http://www.herbertcollection.com/Travel/Tunica-Mississippi-12011/IMG8330/1174729759_cx9yY-L-1.jpg

 

My suggestion for making them would be to use white Styrofoam. Wrap it with brown paper and use black thread for the straps.

I bought the cotton bails all ready made up and packaged from a hobby shop back in the 1960s and put them into this old Athearn box car at the time.  Can't tell you the manufacture was.

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Posted by steamage on Tuesday, April 10, 2012 10:07 AM

Try that picture again.

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Posted by leighant on Tuesday, April 10, 2012 2:26 PM

Here are some of my notes of the Cotton Industry for railroad modeling...

Cotton production in US

    total                  13 2/3 million bales

    Texas                   4 1/4 million

    other southern states   6 2/3 million

    output to US mills      9 1/2 million bales

        (85% of that to 4 states: Alabama, Georgia, N & S Carolina)

    export                  5 million bales

             _Yearbook of Agriculture 1954_ p.449

 

    28,000 bales on one platform, Paris,TX 1920?

 _Journal of Tx Shortline RRs_ MayJuneJuly98 (Paris issue) p.26

mechanical cotton picker of 1950s, painting.

_Texas, Our Heritage_ (1962) p.324

IH-McCormack cotton picker of 1950s, _Texas, Our Heritage_ (1962 textbook) p.328

cotton bale weighing, gin interior. _Texas, Our Heritage_ (1962) p.329

U.S. Cotton Bale Dimensions

BAGS

Textile container manufacturers in Texas:

    Houston 7       Dallas/FtWorth 3    Lubbock 1

    per _Atlas of Texas_ p.69

 

COTTON PRODUCTION

heaviest (1959 figures) in belt from Port LaVaca to Gainsville,

    in Valley, Lubbock area, TransPecos

substantial in "Cane Belt" AREA

    almost NONE Harris, Galveston, East Texas counties.

-from _Atlas of Texas_ (Arbingust)

 

COTTON SURPLUS WAREHOUSING

Government warehouse of cotton for price stabilization. Adopted in 30s, surplus cleared out for WW2 usage, heavy civilian demand 1946, surpluses again by late 40s.  In July 1955, surplus cotton from past crops totalled 11.1 million bales.

    _The Life and Times of King Cotton_, David L. Cohn, Oxford U.Press,

    1956 [CC Pub Lib 338.17 COH]

 

COTTON TEXTILE MILLING

Cotton mills in Texas:

    Houston, Cero, New Braunfels, Brenham, Bonham, 2 Groesbeck

    Corsicana, Hillsboro, Sherman, McKinney

Woolen mill: Brownwood, Post

    _Atlas of Texas_ p.73

 

80% of the nation's cotton textile spindles and 82% of the looms in the Southern states (1955).  North Carolina is heart of the cotton- textile industry, followed by South Carolina, Georgia, Massachusetts.

    _The Life and Times of King Cotton_, David L. Cohn, Oxford U.Press,

    1956 [CC Pub Lib 338.17 COH]

Fulton Bag & Cotton Mills plant in New Orleans for cotton, burlap & paper bags  _Business Week_ Nov.12, 1955 p.75

 

Cottonseed

    most sold to ginners, who sell to processors

    Linters used in cellulose

    Hull            for feed

    Oil

    Cake or meal    for feed

                     _Yearbook of Agriculture 1954_ p.449

 

COTTONSEED OIL

 

Cottonseed mills in 1953

    5 in Rio Grande Valley

    11 between CC and El Campo

    12 in Brazos Valley

    10 in Panhandle & San Angelo

    4 El Paso

         _Yearbook of Agriculture 1954_ p.457

 Cottonseed oil mills 50 or more employees in Texas 1962

    Lubbock 2   Ft Worth 2  Brenham Sealy   Corpus Christi  Alice

    none East Texas

    _Atlas of Texas_ p.75

__

 description of Dallas Proctor & Gamble plant which

 processes cottonseed oil into cooking & vegetable

 oils.  _WPA Dallas Guide_, p.349.

 

 Coleman Cotton Oil Mill shown on 1930 plat of Coleman TX on ATSF

 Temple-Texico line. _Sanborn's Insurance Maps_ at CC Pub Library,

 

COTTON PRODUCTS & BY PRODUCTS

chart and pix _World Book_, 1958 p.C-1766 

Cottonseed

    most sold to ginners, who sell to processors

    Linters used in cellulose

    Hull            for feed

    Oil

    Cake or meal    for feed

                     _Yearbook of Agriculture 1954_ p.449

 

EXPORT

    Cotton, bulk to China, Iraq, Turkey, Yugoslavia

        container to Germany, France, Spain, Italy

info from exhibit, Center for Transportation & Commerce, Galveston

    Corpus Christi Port could load 2500 bales in one 8-hg\our day by the middle 1970s,

per _Corpus Christi: a picture postcard history_ pic.125

 

2 million- 500 lb bales exported/year in mid 1950s nationally

Cotton export  5 million bales _Yearbook of Agriculture 1954_ p.449

 

GINS

 Historic cotton gins of Brazos Valley,

cotton museums & exhibits, _Texas Hwys_ Apr93 p.12-21.

 

 

The Joint Cotton Industry Bale Packaging Committee (JCIBPC) established the following guidelines in 2001 to clarify the dimensions of cotton bales compressed to U.S. Gin Universal Density Bale standards:

"…the outside bulge to bulge (thickness) dimensions shall average no greater than 33 inches (.84 m) and outliers are not to exceed 34 inches (.86 m)."

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Posted by leighant on Tuesday, April 10, 2012 2:38 PM

COTTON INDUSTRY RELATED STRUCTURES

 Compress, Belen NewMex pix RailModJournal Apr93 p.10

 Compress, Corpus Christi, Aransas Compress

     (near present Harbor Bridge) blt 1928

     12' high concrete walls, 4' raised clerestories,

     16' firewalls between sections.

     Sections 250' wide, 150-250' long/section

     100' space between rows of sheds.

     data from _Sanborn Fire Insurance Map_, 1931

 Compress, Corpus Christi, Gulf Compress

     located on 19th street and Tex Mex tracks

     14' high concrete walls  sheds 250' wide

     100' space between rows of sheds

     data from _Sanborn Fire Insurance Map_, 1931

 

above- Gulf Compress, Corpus Christi 

Compress, Galveston

    interior view, _Ray Miller's Galveston_ 2nd edition p.87

 Cotton gin; bale wagon  _World Book_, 1958 p.__C-1760

 Gin by Durrenberger _MR_ June82 p.70

 Gin by E.L.Moore, _ModRRer_ Sept78 p.54

 

COTTONSEED

 Cotton oil plant, Birmingham AL  _Mod RRer_ Oct91 p.94

 Storage shed, Belen NewMex pix RailModJournal Apr93 p.10

Harlingen Cotton Oil Mill sheds, KLA photos, Brownsville trip May 2007

 port terminal cotton shed on background painting  (drawn in Photoshop)

abandoned compress warehouses in Galveston along Broadway

cotton shed district in Galveston

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Posted by Beach Bill on Thursday, April 12, 2012 8:17 AM

In Indianola, Mississippi, the older part of the structure that houses the current B.B. King museum used to be a cotton gin (indeed, Riley King had worked within that building).  It is one of the last gin buildings still standing in the Delta, and is of a "classic" brick design.  This is on the Columbus & Greenville RR.  I think that the dock on the front of the building in the photo would have been for receiving product from farmers, with the loading dock for the railroad on the back.

Bill

With reasonable men, I will reason; with humane men I will plead; but to tyrants I will give no quarter, nor waste arguments where they will certainly be lost. William Lloyd Garrison

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