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What is the most common cause of derailments?

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Posted by Anonymous on Wednesday, December 1, 2004 7:15 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by M.W. Hemphill


QUOTE: EIGHTWHEELER wrote: I am asking for the specific causes of derailment because I am wondering what would be necessary to reduce their frequency.


Why? What is your agenda? The industry doesn't feel the derailment frequency is excessive. Are you worried about the derailment of one car in a yard? The high-speed derailment of a passenger train that kills passengers? What statistic alarms you?

First allow me to apologize for being away from the forum for so long.
QUOTE: [i]
Why? What is your agenda? The industry doesn't feel the derailment frequency is excessive.

Permit me to tell you a bit about myself.
My background, 20 years ago was in cross court trucking, I then changed careers to the communications industry. Now I'm retired.

QUOTE: Why? What is your agenda?


Simply public safety.

QUOTE: The industry doesn't feel the derailment frequency is excessive.


Of course they don't, especially if it would entail large costs to correct it. Do I know this? No, I don't but I am presuming that it would because it probably mean replacing hundreds of thousands of railroad ties that are unstable.

QUOTE: What makes you think the cleanup costs are astronomical?


When a train derails without falling over
#1 there is an interruption is service, so just the loss of income per hour is not small. #2 Then there is the calling out of whatever type of equipment is used to put the cars back on the track.
#3 Then there is the track replacement/repair for the damaged section.
#4 Then there would be a inspection of some type to determine if the cars are able to be used without being replaced. If they need to be replaced then there is the cargo transfer.
#5Then there is the loss of scheduled freight delivery which costs the receiver money. Possible insurance claims. If the cargo is damaged there would be a call for another load to be shipped.

I am positive that I have left out other things of which I'm not aware. One where the cars are all strewn about would only increase the costs.

QUOTE: I continue to read about the supposed convictions of railroad executives in the prevention of accidents. I am curious if you old timers think more should be done.

QUOTE: Convictions as in moral convictions? Convictions as in the legal system? To what are you referring?


Supposed moral convictions. These are the same moral convictions preached by the exexcutive of every large corporation. Their concern is not for the individual or the family, but is the cost absorbable in this quarter. (Yes, I know quite a few of this class of execs now and we have discussed employee deaths)

QUOTE: I see the population continually rising in the lower 48, daily tonnage is also continually rising. When was the last time someone laid 500 miles of new track to reduce costs and lower accidents per mile?


Are you talking new construction on a location where there never was a track at all? Or relay of rail, ties, etc.? Rail, ties, and ballast are laid every day, and track geometry improved every day, to reduce costs and improve reliability.

I'm referring to new construction on a location where there never was a track at all?

QUOTE: The ridiculous statement "We are insured" is a poor substitution for self responsibility as the frequency of derailments and insurance premiums continue to climb.

QUOTE:
I have no idea what you are talking about. Who is making that statement? What frequency of derailments is continuing to rise? Whose insurance premiums are continuing to climb?


"We are insured"; is a common phrase that is used by salesmen and executives trying to convince the customer that no matter what happens you won't lose any money. Personaly, I find it disgusting. Tell me about your on time delivery record instead.

Last month I read of a derailment on the switchback (switchback is probably the wrong term) (halfway up the mountain) coming East out of Bakersfield. The train was doing 10 or 20 mph.

Whose insurance premiums are continuing to climb?
The railroad industry as a whole which influences the costs of shipping by rail and the bet income of the rail line.

Do we not have an electronic device that can read the solidity of a tie or is it necessary to actually drive a spike into one to determine the quality of the center? I'm not an electronics engineer but I think something like this should be quite simple to design.


It strikes me as astonishingly rude to not have any training and expertise and presume to tell someone with years of training and expertise what should be simple for them to design. What makes you think such a device is even necessary?


Then Sir, you will have to consider me an "astonishingly rude" individual for bringing the subject out in public. I apologize, but I don't feel I'm like;y to change at this late date. We have devices which permit law enforcement to remain 500 feet from your home and watch you move from room to room, or they can do the same from a helicopter. The metal detectors which will search the ground down Lord only knows how deep,. The fish detectors which are amazingly accurate in defining the vegetation below your boat and show you right where to make to most likely successful cast, then I see no difficulty at all in asking the private industry to develop a tool that would allow a moving vehicle to chart the rot that railroad ties are suffering.

The only possible reason why I can see the railroad companies for not doing such a thing is they are afraid of the answers. I would imagine their track maintenence engineers have a pretty good idea now just using their historical area charts. Such a device would allow others to do the same. That could get expensive, couldn't it?

Now, let me get to the real reason why I started this thread. While I was trucking I hauled hazardous chemicals. Many times, the kind that one good whiff of would kill you in minutes. Our railroads also haul them.

I live outside Reno, Nevada and it is not unusual for me to see 50 or more pressurized tank cars sitting in Sparks waiting to be connected to the locomotive for delivery.

I have never been attached to the Special Forces, just an old SeaBee, but I am concerned because of how easy it would be for a terrorist to open the unloading valves or set off a few of these cars. The rail line isn't protected from such an event with decent security forces.

The rail yards I know of are all located in or close to large cities where the deaths from hazardous gasses could be enormous. Many of these gasses do not rise to dissipate. They follow the ground and spread out killing every oxygen consuming plant or animal they come in contact with. A gentle ten mph wind would be vary hazardous to all emergency crews and residents in the area if they weren't fully aware of just what they were dealing with. Many time the combination of various gasses, which I will not name will make them deadlier.

I hope you understand the reasons why I am concerned about this hazard to where you can understand and agree that some changes are in order. I would much rather see this done under the sole control of the railroad lines without any more government involvement.

I apologize for my poor formatting, but I'm still learning how.
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Posted by daveklepper on Tuesday, November 30, 2004 2:18 AM
Maybe there is a better approach to track construction than the traditional?
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Posted by Puckdropper on Tuesday, November 30, 2004 1:26 AM
QUOTE:
But the derailment rate isn't even remotely close to 50% of any line's annual cost, so the question is specious. What makes you think the cleanup costs are astronomical?


When you say derailment, are you referring to any time the wheels leaves the rail, or are you referring to a spilling of cars all over? I would guess that 95% of the derailments on a railroad happen when a wheel leaves the rails but the car stays upright.
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Posted by railroadmike11 on Monday, November 29, 2004 11:10 PM
to answer the qustion, is that the operating companys will try to save every cent until they have to. most derailments are caused by bad track, most likely on less travled rail. all yard, switch leads, and spurs are mostly exempted track, which do not have regular inspections. next biggest cause is improper train handling, i.e. moveing the throttle from run 8 to dynamic 8. it happens alot! hot weather and cold weather has to do alot also. what is to blame is the cwr move around in those extremes. my company has detailed rules to operate in those conditions. and for the crew, we do know where the ruogh spots are and adapt to te situation, report the spot or take it easy thuogh that area. or do the old head thing... go fast they will fix it after the pick the cars up! not my option!
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Posted by TH&B on Monday, November 29, 2004 9:15 PM
Standing serailments don't just happen on bad track (or at least cheap track), in Briton they had a freight train derail as it stopped on the high speed main because the track was heavily super elevated and the loads had too high a center of gravity !
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Posted by nobullchitbids on Monday, November 29, 2004 9:01 PM
Just what we need for a question like this: More gravity.
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Posted by jchnhtfd on Monday, November 29, 2004 8:02 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

QUOTE: Originally posted by jchnhtfd


Worse, you can walk the track just before the train and, unless you get down and wiggle each spike, not see the problem.


Do we not have an electronic device that can read the solidity of a tie or is it necessary to actually drive a spike into one to determine the quality of the center?

I'm not an electronics engineer but I think something like this should be quite simple to design.

You have hit the one real problem with timber in general as a construction material: so far as I know, there is no way to determine the various structural properties near the center of a timber member, unlike steel, for instance, where most flaws will show under ultrasonic inspection. Which is why, when I design in timber, I use what is called 'glu-lam' structural timbers. In direct answer, measuring the withdrawal capacity of a spike or nail can, so far as I know, only be done by direct testing.
Jamie
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Posted by SALfan on Monday, November 29, 2004 3:00 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by mvlandsw

QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

I've read about derailments when the trains were doing 70 and I've read about them when they were doing 10mph.

Are the causes similar?
Rock Island had them on equipment that was standing still.


MKT did, too.
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Posted by Sterling1 on Wednesday, November 24, 2004 9:20 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by mvlandsw

QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

I've read about derailments when the trains were doing 70 and I've read about them when they were doing 10mph.

Are the causes similar?
Rock Island had them on equipment that was standing still.


I didn't know you could derail cars standing still !!! . . .
"There is nothing in life that compares with running a locomotive at 80-plus mph with the windows open, the traction motors screaming, the air horns fighting the rush of incoming air to make any sound at all, automobiles on adjacent highways trying and failing to catch up with you, and the unmistakable presence of raw power. You ride with fear in the pit of your stomach knowing you do not really have control of this beast." - D.C. Battle [Trains 10/2002 issue, p74.]
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Posted by dldance on Wednesday, November 24, 2004 6:23 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

QUOTE: Originally posted by mvlandsw

QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

I've read about derailments when the trains were doing 70 and I've read about them when they were doing 10mph.

Are the causes similar?
Rock Island had them on equipment that was standing still.


The cause was?


In the case I'm familar with, the ties were so weak that the engine vibration cause the spikes on on rail to lift enough that the rail rolled.

dd

ps: MW Hemphill - what is a dragger?
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Posted by Anonymous on Wednesday, November 24, 2004 6:08 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by mvlandsw

QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

I've read about derailments when the trains were doing 70 and I've read about them when they were doing 10mph.

Are the causes similar?
Rock Island had them on equipment that was standing still.


The cause was?
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Posted by Anonymous on Wednesday, November 24, 2004 6:06 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by jchnhtfd


Worse, you can walk the track just before the train and, unless you get down and wiggle each spike, not see the problem.


Do we not have an electronic device that can read the solidity of a tie or is it necessary to actually drive a spike into one to determine the quality of the center?

I'm not an electronics engineer but I think something like this should be quite simple to design.
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Posted by Anonymous on Wednesday, November 24, 2004 5:57 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by M.W. Hemphill


Now THAT'S a good engineer.


And one who is very familiar with the power settings for a particular section of track! This man deserves wide public recognition amongst his peers.
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Posted by Anonymous on Wednesday, November 24, 2004 5:54 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by M.W. Hemphill

"Poor" is the wrong adjective as it can imply incompetence or carefree. It's better just to leave the adjective off and not imply anything, unless you know the cause for a fact.

The precipitating event of all derailments at present, ranked in order:

1. track conditions
2. equipment defects
3. other causes
4. operator error

Note I did not use the word "cause." Causes are weather, training, materials, dereliction of duty, lack of funds, etc.


I am asking for the specific causes of dereailments because I am wondering what would be necessary to reduce their frequency.

It seems to me that the cleanup costs of a dereailment could be astronomical, especially if hazardous material was involved. If 50% of a lines annual cost was applied to the reduction of dereailments, would this be a wise fiscal expenditure?

I continue to read about the supposed convictions of railroad executives in the prevention of accidents. I am curious if you old timers think more should be done.

I see the population continually rising in the lower 48, daily tonnage is also continually rising. When was the last time someone laid 500 miles of new track to reduce costs and lower accidents per mile?

The ridiculous statement "We are insured" is a poor substitution for self responsibility as the frequency of dereailments and insurance premiums continue to climb.
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Posted by mvlandsw on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 9:36 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

I've read about derailments when the trains were doing 70 and I've read about them when they were doing 10mph.

Are the causes similar?
Rock Island had them on equipment that was standing still.
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Posted by Anonymous on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 9:21 PM
Last week, one of our coal trains derailed about 5 minutes after meeting my train. After pulling out of a siding, a drawbar broke and dug down into the ties. 10 cars full of coal derailed. None of them tipped over but the damage to the track was extensive. As far as maintenence goes, here on the CP our track inspectors check every inch of mainline at least once per day. Speed restrictions are constantly placed anytime the smallest problem is encountered. As far as rule violations go, the vast majority of railroaders wouldn't ever consider risking their "ticket" by breaking a rule. If they did, you can be certain that the guy in the left seat wouldn't hesitate to pull the big red handle!
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Posted by mvlandsw on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 9:17 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by vsmith

QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

What is the most common cause of derailments?


When the big round wheel thingies come off those long steel rail thingies?[:p]

Sorry I couldnt resist[:o)]
That could be traced back to gravity
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Posted by Puckdropper on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 8:32 PM
QUOTE:
Track: 35%
Equipment: 35%
Other: 14%
Environment: 9%
Rules: 7%


I'm amazed at how close the models follow the prototypes again. Top causes of derailments on my layout are track (I'd say 50%) then equipment (Probably about 40%) and other/rules (10%) (Improperly protected work zone...oops).

So, to add to the discussion further, how many derailments are caused by out-of-gauge wheels?
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Posted by jchnhtfd on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 7:30 PM
And before it comes up -- some types of rail fractures are just about completely impossible to see or sense with any kind of economically feasible (for the railroad to use) detector until they go pretty completely.
Jamie
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Posted by espeefoamer on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 4:10 PM
The recent Union Pacific derailment in Pico Revira,was caused by a broken rail.The track had been inspected not too long before the accident.The train was traveling 57 MPH in a 60 MPH zone.
Ride Amtrak. Cats Rule, Dogs Drool.
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Posted by vsmith on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 12:41 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by EightWheeler

What is the most common cause of derailments?


When the big round wheel thingies come off those long steel rail thingies?[:p]





Sorry I couldnt resist[:o)]

   Have fun with your trains

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Posted by jchnhtfd on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 10:54 AM
You could pull all the spikes out of a plate, under some conditions, with no more than 10 cars, never mind 10 trains. Yes, that would be an unusual situation: a single bad tie between two good ones, or a weak(er) than normal subgrade. Worse, you can walk the track just before the train and, unless you get down and wiggle each spike, not see the problem.

What is the chance of its being unobserved and fixed before it gets out of hand? Actually, pretty low -- because the track men whose jobs it is to inspect and repair the track take their jobs pretty seriously, and know what warning signs to look for. The 'and fixed' part is a little chancier; there you not only have to think about the track men, who may know perfectly well that there is a potential problem out there and said so, and the bean counters, who are sincerely hoping that the problem will wait a bit until they can afford to change out a whole bunch of ties at once, or relay a whole section of track at once. Usually they're right. Sometimes they're wrong, and bad things happen.
Jamie
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Posted by Anonymous on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 1:41 AM
One more thing to clear up then your answer will satisfy me. Explain to me just how long it would take for all spikes to lift and separate from one tie plate. It would probably take considerable time being a shortline averaging 2 trains (4 passes) per day on average. And what's the chances of this condition not being observed and fixed before it got out of hand?
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Posted by Anonymous on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 1:17 AM
QUOTE: Originally posted by M.W. Hemphill

The facts you cite don't support the conclusion of minimal track inspection. They do support a conclusion of poor tie condition.


Oh?! You mean to say the missing spikes were an issue of poor tie condition? My assumption was faulty.
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Posted by Anonymous on Tuesday, November 23, 2004 12:33 AM
Approximately 5 or 6 years back, the Rochester & Southern shortline here, which serves Kodak Park as its primary customer, kept having cars derail (usually within the same 4 mile stretch). Upon a close examination, ties were found rotted out and many spikes were missing. In some cases the tie plate would be there and absent were all four spikes, not just one or two. It's safe to assume RSR performed minimal track inspection prior to that short lived episode.
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Posted by Anonymous on Monday, November 22, 2004 11:40 PM
I'd think in Canadia the percentage for Environment would be higher.

It certainly would be if I was up there . . .

But those stats look pretty good to me.

And I think that I can say, without fear of contradiction, that Dispatchers don't break rules.

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Posted by Anonymous on Monday, November 22, 2004 11:31 PM
Ol' Buddy MWH, what about dispatcher error? Or was that included under the "operator" umbrella?

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Posted by Anonymous on Monday, November 22, 2004 11:20 PM
By "poor track maintenance" , what specificly do you mean? The base material needs replacing, the ties are rotten or the track actually is too worn?
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Posted by Anonymous on Monday, November 22, 2004 11:18 PM
I've read about derailments when the trains were doing 70 and I've read about them when they were doing 10mph.

Are the causes similar?

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