Question: How were passenger cars heated?

[railroadyoshi]

I believe I can help answer the first question. The steam was piped back, and yes, cars further back were, well, brrrrrr!!! For this reason the Boston & Maine Railroad limited the amount of passenger cars an F7 could haul to 7 or so (I don't remember the number very clearly, this is from the book High Green and the Bark Peelers), even though the locomotive could haul more based on tonnage. Any more than that figure, and an extra unit was tacked on.

[gn goat]

I know that EMD "F" units were extended 4 feet to accommodate a steam generator for passenger service. Here are my questions:

1.  Was steam piped back from the locomotive to heat the cars? And if so, wouldn't the steam cool in a longer consist?

2.  In the steam era how were passenger cars heated?

 

the goat