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LOCOMOTIVE ROOFTOP BEACONS

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LOCOMOTIVE ROOFTOP BEACONS
Posted by Anonymous on Monday, August 7, 2006 5:05 PM
Are the yellow flashing beacons on cab roofs applied and used at the individual preference of the railroad companies or are they used universally?  If the latter, are they required by the FRA?  What is their purpose?
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Posted by csxengineer98 on Monday, August 7, 2006 5:23 PM
roof top beacons where never FRA requited.  but if a unit is equiped with one..it has to work or the engin is a shop due to a defective safty device.  they where and are put on as a warning/attention getting device to draw someones attention to the fact that there is a train comeing.  now csx never used them on the cab roofs for a warning device untill they started to use RCLs in yard switching oppoperations..now RCLs have 2 yellow strob beacons on the cab roofs of the enigns..
and just to awnser another beacon question about csx engins if your thinking about it...units that are equpiped with the K9 auxilory power unit have a strob light on the long hood...it only comes when there is a malfuction with the K9 unit to aleart the engineer there is a problem with it so he/she can go back and reset it if it can be reset to normal opporation...
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Posted by Anonymous on Monday, August 7, 2006 10:10 PM

I guess what I am wondering is why they would be needed as an attention getting device when there are already several other warning devices such as headlight, ditchlights, horn, and bell.  Is the beason just considered to be one more component of that mix of warning devices, or it is intended for some specific situation not addressed by the other devices? 

How much of the beacon warning function is intended to provide warning at grade crossings?

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Posted by broncoman on Monday, August 7, 2006 10:13 PM
 csxengineer98 wrote:
roof top beacons where never FRA requited.  but if a unit is equiped with one..it has to work or the engin is a shop due to a defective safty device.  they where and are put on as a warning/attention getting device to draw someones attention to the fact that there is a train comeing.  now csx never used them on the cab roofs for a warning device untill they started to use RCLs in yard switching oppoperations..now RCLs have 2 yellow strob beacons on the cab roofs of the enigns..
and just to awnser another beacon question about csx engins if your thinking about it...units that are equpiped with the K9 auxilory power unit have a strob light on the long hood...it only comes when there is a malfuction with the K9 unit to aleart the engineer there is a problem with it so he/she can go back and reset it if it can be reset to normal opporation...
csx engineer



Is it an FRA requirement on remote units?  All the ones I have seen have them.
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Posted by wjstix on Monday, August 7, 2006 10:28 PM
I suppose it depends on the railroad and it's situation. I grew up along a shortline that ran trains at slow speed thru country and small town grade crossing without flashers, and used Hancock air whistles which weren't very loud compared to diesel air horns. Their engines had rotating yellow beacons on them. It was just another safety device - and it really looked neat, I wonder if we'll ever find a way to accurately model them in HO??
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Posted by Poppa_Zit on Monday, August 7, 2006 10:34 PM

The BN used them, but they didn't rotate. There were four yellow bulbs inside the housing, and the lights lit in sequence -- "chasing" each other around in a circle was the effect. I thought they looked kinda cheapo, but I supposed they were easier to maintain with no moving parts.

Metra locomotives trains still use the same style today. 

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Posted by Anonymous on Monday, August 7, 2006 10:45 PM

 wjstix wrote:
I grew up along a shortline that ran trains at slow speed thru country and small town grade crossing without flashers, and used Hancock air whistles which weren't very loud compared to diesel air horns.

That sounds like the MN&S railroad.

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Posted by samfp1943 on Monday, August 7, 2006 11:08 PM
 Poppa_Zit wrote:

The BN used them, but they didn't rotate. There were four yellow bulbs inside the housing, and the lights lit in sequence -- "chasing" each other around in a circle was the effect. I thought they looked kinda cheapo, but I supposed they were easier to maintain with no moving parts.

Metra locomotives trains still use the same style today. 

The Frisco was a big user of this type of beacon light on locomotives[ mounted on top of the cab roof to the front side]. I think that the frisco was 100% on the locomotive fleet.

Amtrak originally bought their new loco's with a pair of harsh white light strobes mounted onto the front of the cabr roofs. They were extremely eye catching, particularly at night they were exceptionally visible, but apparently in use after a period of time, they caused a hypnotising effect in the engine crews who were exposed to that constant cycle of the strobe lights. I know they worked to change the frequency of the flashing and also the brightness, to mitigate the health effects on engine crews. 

I think this was all done in an effort to neutralize grade crossing accidents. I don't recall seeing these yellow flashers on anything but mainly the Frisco, the Mop, and Cotton Belt, and IC didn't use them on road power that I recall. 

 

 


 

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Posted by edblysard on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 5:22 AM

All 25 of our MK1500Ds have a Zeon strobe on the cab roof.

Bright white, it is visible for miles in flat terrain.

Because in yard work, the headlights are on dim, and the ditch lights are off most of the time, the ground crews have a hard time seeing exactly where a locomotive is.

Two tracks over, with all the noise in a yard, you can lose one at night very easily.

But the strobe reflects off of the cars, even when it is crowded, so you know you are near a locomotive.

It is not so much for that locomotives crew, who generally know where their motor is, but to alert and warn other crews of the presence of a locomotive.

 

With an MU’ed unit, the occupied unit has the strobe on, the trailing unit’s is off, easy way to know which unit is leading.

Not a FRA requirement, but, as CSXengineer pointed out, if they are there, they have to work, because they are a safety appliance.

 

At night, from the tower, a quick glance will tell you where every single motor in the yard is at.

 

Ours are on 24 hours a day, the thinking is the strobe, which is quite visible in daylight, is one more added feature to warn people at crossings, and to let crews know a motor is occupied.

 

The CEFX/UP lease fleet of the “New” GP15 and GP20 also have the strobe.

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Posted by WP 3020 on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 6:25 AM
 Poppa_Zit wrote:

The BN used them, but they didn't rotate. There were four yellow bulbs inside the housing, and the lights lit in sequence -- "chasing" each other around in a circle was the effect. I thought they looked kinda cheapo, but I supposed they were easier to maintain with no moving parts.

Metra locomotives trains still use the same style today. 


SP locos sprouted them, along with the SPSF paint, too. There was an article (maybe 10yrs. ago) about why RRs had switche to them. Some of the reasons, I can remember. being mentiond were no moving parts to break, less RF noise and cheaper. If one bulb burned out they weren't broke, or at least, I saw some run that way for days.
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Posted by zardoz on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 7:04 AM

My understanding is that the beacons were more for making the locomotive more visible from the side. 

I couldn't stand the dumb things.  I realize how they are useful for the ground crew in situations like Ed describes, but at night, when switching in a yard or spotting an industry, when I was surrounded by freight cars or the sides of a building, the constant flashing would cause me to become very disoriented.  It made it difficult to follow the ground and keep track of distance travelled.

In addition, the frickin thing was so bright, it would cause me to lose my night vision, making it difficult to see things that were not directly illuminated, such as ground personel.  And the constant strobing was very tiresom on the eyes, having to constantly adjust between the brightness of the strobe and the darkness everywhere else.

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Posted by tree68 on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 7:09 AM

Quite plainly, the various beacons are a railroad's attempt to stave off accidents.  Vermont RR used red Beacon Rays at one time, if I recall what I saw on a magazine cover correctly.

A number of railroads chose oscillating ("Mars") lights for the same purpose.  There are folks who feel that the oscillating lights (which took several forms) are actually more effective than today's ditch lights.  But, once again, they have to be maintained.  The Mars-type lights usually had two motors and a bunch of gears and linkages, all potential points of failure.

And some railroads just used the headlight.  I believe there was a time when even that wasn't the case.  Headlights, after all, are for lighting up the track ahead of you at night...

Someone else can throw the date in, but FRA finally decided to mandate ditch lights, which were in use by some railroads (chiefly Canadian).  IIRC, the logic is to create a standard "signal," which is that triangle of light formed by the headlight and the ditch lights.  Flashing ditch lights are used in various circumstances (ie, approaching grade crossings) by different railroads.  If you look down the tracks and see that triangle, there is not question about it being "just a reflection" (or the light at the end of the tunnel).

I have no idea if any studies have been done over time to gauge the effectiveness of the various warning lights, although I believe that it's been shown that the ditch lights are having a positive effect.

One danger with rotating and other flashing lights is that there are periods when they are "off" to the viewer.  That's why any California emergency vehicle you see has a steady burning red light facing the front of the vehicle (sometimes, that's the only red light - especially if you see an old CHP cruiser in a movie).  It was found (via a lawsuit, of course) that there were times when a motorist did not see any illuminated warning lights...

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Posted by WP 3020 on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 8:35 AM
The ones on the SP units around here sometimes got covered with so much grime they didn't realy make a difference if they had them. Having so many flashing yellow lights get confusing. So many things have them they don't stand out (is that a train or just a forklift down the way?)from one another, like all the backup beepers at a construction site. You have to watch out just as much as you did before everything had them. Having to work around the flashing strobes at night gets bad real quick.
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Posted by chad thomas on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 10:11 AM

 wjstix wrote:
I suppose it depends on the railroad and it's situation. I grew up along a shortline that ran trains at slow speed thru country and small town grade crossing without flashers, and used Hancock air whistles which weren't very loud compared to diesel air horns. Their engines had rotating yellow beacons on them. It was just another safety device - and it really looked neat, I wonder if we'll ever find a way to accurately model them in HO??

I have several HO locomotives with flashing beacons. I used small LEDs hooked up to simple 555 timer circuts. Cost mabee $7 a peice for the parts. 

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Posted by Rustyrex on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 11:35 AM
I don't know if this is the case on all the locomotives equipped with these, but on the ones I have operated, The beacon is, going while the reverser is in forward or backward position. When the reverser is centered, the beacon goes out.
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Posted by Murphy Siding on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 11:38 AM
     Is this a regional thing?  I don't know that I've ever seen one?

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Posted by nbrodar on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 3:18 PM

Other, then the low intensity strobes on our Remote Control Locomotives, I haven't seen a beacon or strobe in years.   I belive they are required on RCLs

They were never that popular here in the East to begin with. I only remember them on Amtrak and SEPTA units.  Amtrak has removed most of it's strobes, and SEPTA's only flash near stations.I also remember them dissappearing from BN and Santa Fe units soon after ditch lights were FRA mandated.

Personally, I find them to be visially distracting.  And the bright ones, destroy my night vision.  I have no problem locating my locomotives by either sound, or headlights alone.

Nick

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Posted by chad thomas on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 4:05 PM

 Murphy Siding wrote:
     Is this a regional thing?  I don't know that I've ever seen one?

Murphy, Like Nick, I haven't seen one in a long time other then RCL units.

Here is one on an SP tunnel motor

And a really dirty one on a GP60

And here is one on our local RCL unit here in San Diego

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 5:35 PM
      Maybe it's one of those things you don't notice untill you look for them?  Today, I studied the 2 local BNSF switchers in town.  They both have the lights, just not turned on.

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Posted by CNW534 on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 6:30 PM

Some of those beacons are worth a small fortune to collectors.  Federal #372 Commander beacons typically sell for a few hundred dollars each on eBay.  They have a round dome, two sealed beams, and a cast aluminum base with vertical fins.  Here's a photo:

http://www.zjstech.net/~library/4249/FederalCommander.jpg

Mark

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Posted by Anonymous on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 6:57 PM

Thank you all for the information on beacons.  I had the impression that beacons were almost universally used, but apparently that is not the case.  I can see how they could become irritating to work around at night as well as being useful in sighting a locomotive moving in a yard at night.  I know how much concern the industry has for grade crossing safety, and was wondering if the beacons were intended to take on the function of Mars lights.  If so, it would seem that the beacons would have far less warning impact than Mars lights, but I understand that the advantage of Mars lights was offset by their high maintenance cost. 

 

Even the mechanically rotating beacons are mechanically simpler than the mechanics of Mars lights.  In this day and age, it would seem that any sort of animated lighting display could be accomplished with a solid-state system.  There must be many patents for ideas that would accomplish the display of Mars lights without the mechanism, yet I have seen no adoption of such technology. 

 

For beacons to provide a meaningful grade crossing warning, it seems like they would have to put out a lot more light than they do.  If they put out that much light and ran full time, they would drive everybody crazy.  So, such a high output beacon would need to be set up to only run when approaching grade crossings.  Has any road ever done that? 
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Posted by Poppa_Zit on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 7:00 PM

 Murphy Siding wrote:
      Maybe it's one of those things you don't notice untill you look for them?  Today, I studied the 2 local BNSF switchers in town.  They both have the lights, just not turned on.

Yeah. Maybe they WERE on and you didn't know it. Laugh [(-D]

I say this half-joking because on some of the older Metra trains the lenses are so discolored/scratched, the lights really don't "emit" -- they do little more than light up the inside of the lens, especially on the older FP-40 series.

You could sit in the Eola yard at the west end (fairly dark at night) and watch 10 Metra dinkys go by and NEVER notice the yellow beacons unless you were looking for them. Even the new MP-36s have them. 

A few years ago I bought a working Mars 888 (from a retired American LaFrance open-cab 65-foot ladder truck I drove more than a few times) with the idea that someday in my train room on one wall I'd build the front end of a steam locomotive protruding two feet or so and wire the 888 in as part of the steambox lighting.

I also remember as a kid the Burlington Zephyrs zipping through the western suburbs along the Racetrack at night, with their bright, sky-penetrating head-end Mars lights sweeping the tracks ahead. It was an awesome, breathless sight for a kid. I also like that Metra trains still have a similar version. Very attention-getting.

On some Mars lights, the only thing that oscillated was the reflector itself, not the bulb. I seem to remember some of those on Rock Island and Illinois Central long-distance passenger trains. 

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Posted by tree68 on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 7:48 PM
 Bucyrus wrote:

In this day and age, it would seem that any sort of animated lighting display could be accomplished with a solid-state system.  There must be many patents for ideas that would accomplish the display of Mars lights without the mechanism, yet I have seen no adoption of such technology. 

ICG was a big user of Mars-type lights. IIRC, the lights had two bulbs, one white (clear) for use when running down the road, and one red, for emergency braking, I believe.

 

In the mid-'70s they began to replace the mechanical lights with a three light cluster - two clear, one red.  The white lights flashed alternately, providing the attention-getting effect.  I have no idea who made them, and have no pictures of my own, either. 

 

Had not ditchlights become the law of the land it might have been interesting to see how LED lights, now in ever increasing use by emergency vehicles, might have played in railroading.

For beacons to provide a meaningful grade crossing warning, it seems like they would have to put out a lot more light than they do.  If they put out that much light and ran full time, they would drive everybody crazy.  So, such a high output beacon would need to be set up to only run when approaching grade crossings.  Has any road ever done that? 

Such a bright light would turn out a lot of heat, too, which would melt the (usually) plastic domes.  There is a limit to the candlepower a given sized lamp can turn out without requiring more trouble than it's worth.  Short of using lasers, I'm not sure you could improve much on the beacons that were used.

White light is the best, and despite the effectiveness (and romance, if you will) of the oscillating lights, methinks that ditch lights, especially flashing, are a great solution.

LarryWhistling
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Posted by CShaveRR on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 8:01 PM

The first rotating beacon I encountered was on a GTW locomotive.  It was red, but I think they went to yellow later.  It sure was strange looking at the path of this light (around and around!) from the cab!

CNW adopted the flashing lights and rotating beacons in the 1970s and put them on everything imaginable, at least in the City.  When they'd bring a bunch of Suburban Fs to Proviso for weekend freight use, you could see that string of yellow anywhere in the yard.

Chessie got some GP40-2s from EMD with a pair of strobe lights on the roof.  They didn't last long.

Carl

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Posted by eolafan on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 8:43 PM

IMG_5214.JPG

Here is a really good picture of a rotating beacon on top of an ex-C&NW/Metra F7 beign rebuilt at IRM.

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Posted by eolafan on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 8:48 PM

Here is yet another example on Metra F-40 number 604, same purpose but this one flashes in a stroble like manner.

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Posted by Big Ant on Wednesday, April 5, 2017 3:30 AM

Does anybody know when the BN introduced them and then withdrew them?

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Posted by mudchicken on Wednesday, April 5, 2017 12:11 PM
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Posted by tree68 on Wednesday, April 5, 2017 1:15 PM

One must remember that if it's on the loco, it has to work.  Beacons and "Mars" lights are mechanical, and they break.  One (or more) less thing to maintain.

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Posted by mvlandsw on Wednesday, April 5, 2017 7:19 PM

  Union Pacific had some kind of cab roof flashers on their E units. They were neat to watch from the dome cars riding across Kansas in the late 60's. I think they also used them on freight units.

Rumor has it that they were used on yard engines so the yardmasters could see where their crews were hiding out.

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