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Do Railroads still hump cars in the yards

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Posted by Big_Boy_4005 on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 6:32 AM
QUOTE: Originally posted by jeaton

If I am not mistaken, quite a few hump operations have been closed over the past couple of decades. I am not sure just how the economics work out, but at some point, a drop in total volume of loose car business or the number of separate blocks (a block being a group of cars for the same destination) makes flat yards more economical.

I have heard that flat switching can be as efficient as a hump yard operation. If edblysard come on here, he may have more insight.

Jay


Jay, if there has been a loss of humps, perhaps it is due to mergers creating redundancy.
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Posted by SSW9389 on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 7:46 AM
Earlier this month I watched the Union Pacific's hump engine at Gravity Yard in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. Another hump cut was awaiting its turn over the top while the first cut was shoving. How many other hump yards use this technique of two hump engines. It seems to speed up the operation as when one cut is shoved the other can start. The hump engines were being operated remotely.
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Posted by dehusman on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 8:11 AM
Using two engines on a hump is fairly common.

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Posted by TH&B on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 9:16 AM
The hump yard in Hamburg is huge, probably the biggest outside USA, approximately the size of North Platte but of couse the 11,000 cars humped are much smaller cars then the ones UP humps.

The smaller the cars the more you can hump, but it doesn't neccessarily increase production.

If you are switching cars in longer cuts like 10 cars-12 cars- 1 car- 10 cars- etc, flat switching can be more efficient sometimes, but if it is 1 car- 2 cars- 1 car- 1car- 1 car- etc, obviously the hump becomes more efficient.

A highly skilled full crew (hogger, conductor and at least two brakeman) for flat switching can switch very fast, but a realy good reliable yard crew is hard to come by and a "less compitant" crew can be realy inefficient. There are many other factors in deciding weather to keep the hump or to flat switch.
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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 10:23 AM
I'll put in another plug here for Clearing's unique bi-directional hump. Not only is it common to have one cut going over the hump in one direction with another cut on deck, it is also normal to have cuts shoved over the hump in each direction at the same time.
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Posted by Anonymous on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 11:45 AM
CSSHEGEWISCH,

Yeah, Clearing is quite an operation. I brought in westbound freight that was humped from the east to the West Classification yard and then made into a train that went into West Departure yard. And vice versa for the eastbounds.
Flat switching can be efficient if you have the right crew and equipment. Using Remotes in Flat switching automatically kills production. I can work a conventional job with an engineer and get almost twice the amount of work done in the same time. Also, any switching operation is only as good as its crews and yardmasters. If you get a crew that has worked together for awhile including the yardmaster it is amazing how well things can work out. I worked with a buddy of mine on thirds in the winter when the Remotes broke down and we were getting quits every night. Working the road, I often have fond memories of working thirds having fun knocking cars together and making up trains. ALSO, it is a lot easier to have a real live engineer with you when you are working industry jobs, especially those with tank cars. Remotes hesitate and you have to guesswork your way through spotting tank cars, which usually have to be spotted perfectly with top load platforms. Having an engineer takes all the guess work and I can have him/her creep until the cars are just right, their arms might get tired, but at least we take about half the time to spot the cars.
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Posted by coborn35 on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 3:58 PM
Do they have a worker who stands near the cars and connects the hoses?

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Posted by Anonymous on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 5:32 PM
Once a track is finished being filled during the humping process, a puller crew will come and stretch the track out and make sure it's all together, and then after that they pull out cuts and bring them into the depature yard. In the departure yard, a carman hooks the hoses and inspects the cars. That's the way it goes where I work anyhow.
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Posted by Big_Boy_4005 on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 5:44 PM
QUOTE: Originally posted by coborn35

Do they have a worker who stands near the cars and connects the hoses?


I would think it would be too dangerous, not to mention inefficient, to have men down in the bowl tracks with cars flying around.
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Posted by edblysard on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 7:31 PM
Not inefficient at all...
In my yard, the carmen line the switch for the lead, and lock the switch, so nothing came get in there with them.
We work around this stuff all the time, so being near moving cars isn’t a big deal.
In bowl and hump yards, the hump master locks out the switches for the same reason.

One of the efficiencies of flat switching is that I can get the tracks together, and swing them over, or spot them in place, for ground air.

I can flat switch a 120 car train in about 2 hours...with my regular crew.
Another of the better parts of flat switching is I can pre-block or classify on the fly; I am not restricted to which track a car has to goes to.
If I need to slough off a car for a while, I can stash it, and pick it up later...flat switching is a lot more flexible that hump yards...
Hump yards require a little more switching after the cars go over the hump…cover cars have the be turned head outs, spot cars have to be lined up, sometimes the entire track has to be re-switched in order to line up the cars in the order the train will need to work on it’s way.
But hump yards are huge, and can run steady, 24/7, which helps make up in volume what it lacks in finesse.

It all depends on the type of business and the type of customer you serve.

Ed

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Posted by trainster1073 on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 7:53 PM
I went to Green Bay and stoped to watch the local yard hump cars. It was a lot of fun to watch. If anyone is in Green Bay stop and watch!
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Posted by CShaveRR on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 9:17 PM
Ed, without taking away from the great job that you and your crew can do, I have to put in a plug for our hump. We aren't automated at all, and a five-man operation (an RCO/pinpuller, hump conductor, and three car retarder operators) could switch out that 120-car train in an hour, no sweat. Yes, we can make spur-of-the-moment decisions on track changes--and often do.

We lock out bowl tracks when the pulldown crews need to couple and pull them. We're not humping on top of them, but they do have to look out for movement on adjacent tracks (that's part of the "alert and attentive" rule that comes very early on in GCOR).

And where's the hump yard in Green Bay?

Carl

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Posted by edblysard on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 9:27 PM
Plug away!
When the folks at Englewood Hump have their goove on, thay can clear East Holding Yard in a single shift!

What I was trying to get across is each style of switching has it pros and cons, and each fills a paticular niche in how cars get to where they need to go.

If you are building road trains that are going to be re-classified later, then hump them suckers!

If, on the other hand, you are building several small trains, around 100 cars or less, for several industry jobs, then flat switching is the way to go...
Ed

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Posted by Green Bay Paddlers on Wednesday, June 29, 2005 10:13 PM
I've lived in Green Bay for over 10 years - I have yet to see a hump yard...???!!!????
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Posted by Anonymous on Thursday, June 30, 2005 3:34 AM
n stephenson hit the nail on the head. we flat switch with remotes, depending on the cuts it can be real slow. an engineer is much faster. we also pull and spot an adjacent refiery with remotes. spotting is a little harder with the remote, but worse is the lead comming out ofthe refinery to the yard has an uphill grade, and you don't get a steady surge of power, the computer rises and falls to keep the speed in a certain range. God help us if there is ice, snow or wet rail....stalling out isn't unheard of..those can be some long days....
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Posted by dehusman on Thursday, June 30, 2005 9:09 AM
How do they uncouple cars on a European hump with those "chain" connections? Its really simple with the North American knuckle coupler, since it can be done with a lever without going between the cars.

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Posted by spbed on Thursday, June 30, 2005 9:25 AM
Why ask such a silly question[?][?][?]

Originally posted by railfan619
[

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Posted by TH&B on Thursday, June 30, 2005 9:34 AM
They have a special tool for this, on a long arm to reach in and pull the chain off while the slack is in shoving up the hump ramp. A yardman also has to loosen all the couplers by unscrewing the chain while the train is at a stand still before going over the hump.

But it's the recoupling that is the real trick, the cars don't couple automaticaly.

Some unit freight trains use different coupler types like the US style knuckle coupler or even the Russian style semi automatic coupler. So not all cars can even be humped, their equipement isn't as standard as North America.

As far as I know there are no more hump yards in England and in some of the smaller European countries like Denmark.
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Posted by CShaveRR on Thursday, June 30, 2005 10:09 AM
Gotcha loud and clear now, Ed--you're absolutely right.

Carl

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Posted by spbed on Thursday, June 30, 2005 10:30 AM
Go to North Platte NE on your trip! [:p][:)]


Originally posted by Green Bay Paddlers
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Posted by spbed on Thursday, June 30, 2005 10:33 AM
You can also try the NSRR in Bellevue OH. There are also hump yards in & near Chicago. [:o)][:p]

Originally posted by Green Bay Paddlers
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Posted by Gunns on Friday, July 1, 2005 2:05 AM
I grew up in Phoenix AZ,
the yard there <SP> was flat but they did what the tower opperator <I used to sit through a whole shift with some of the guys I knew> call car kicking. That was where the cars would be started by the engine and turned lose to coast to the right spot/track. Some times the cars would be sorted to diffrent tracks on the fly, as the engineer could get them to release at diffrent speeds. It seemed allmost as efficent as a hump yard.
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Posted by edblysard on Friday, July 1, 2005 5:36 AM
Kevin,
That’s what we mean when we refer to flat yard switching...we bleed the air out of the brakes, grab a cut of cars, and start kicking.
For blocking, or classifying small trains, it’s the way to go.
And, after 9 years of it, I still find it a lot of fun.

With a crew that has worked together for a while, and knows each others moves, you can build several local trains at once.

Pounding rocks and pulling pins is disappearing on the class 1s, though, as the need for the smaller, local trains is going away in favor of the unit/shuttle train, and the huge OTR trains.

You will find flat switching being done more on the smaller, regional and local railroads, where a hump set up is too expensive.

Ed

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Posted by jeaton on Friday, July 1, 2005 9:33 AM
Thanks to Carl and Ed for the real world view on how this works.

Not to say it is easy, but classification of loose cars over a hump is pretty straight forward. If there are, for example, 25 tracks in the bowl below the hump, cars can be sorted for 24 separate destinations, with one track left for the resorts maybe going on the locals out of the yard or over to the RIP track or other odd spots.

It seems to me that efficient flat switching probably requires more thinking on the go to work out the logical steps to make the least moves to get from the starting string of cars to the line up of cars at the end of the job.

A hump yard can be very efficient for sorting a long train of cars to many different destinations, but it won't work well for building up a block of cars in a specific sequence. That is where flat switching can be much more efficient.

Jay

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Posted by CShaveRR on Friday, July 1, 2005 10:19 AM
Actually, there are ways to sort things using a humpm too--I'm sure Ed could explain how you'd do it in flat switching, but you can use a given number of tracks in the yard (say, four), and switch the cars once, pull them out from all of the tracks in order, switch them again, and voila! 16 classifications, all in order! Takes a little planning, but it can be done. Needless to say, that isn't done here!

Carl

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Posted by jeaton on Friday, July 1, 2005 10:28 AM
Carl

I should have said "it MIGHT not work as well...".

By the way, how many tracks does proviso have in the bowl? It has been about half a lifetime since I have had a look, going back to the days when there were many more tracks than I think you have now.

By the way, one day I will take your invitation to drop by, assuming a visit by outsiders is still possible.

Jay

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Posted by edblysard on Friday, July 1, 2005 11:31 AM


Can’t answer for Carl, but I have 16 tracks to switch into, and 14 to swing over to and spot for ground air.

I build different trains than Carl does; it’s rare anyone outside of the Houston Ship Channel area ever sees what I do.

In essence, I take inbound trains from the Class 1 members (Carl) of our association, and break them into smaller, local trains for our crews to take out and spot in industries.

Because I have so much flexibility, I can line up spot cars in order without too much trouble.

Most industries require certain cars to be placed, or spotted, in a certain order, or a specific location in the plant..
How you place them in the train can make the difference between the local getting a good quit, or hogging out.

When I get it all switched out, I double them up, swing them over to the outbound industry tracks, and spot them for ground air.

This way, all the local crew has to do is come against the train, cut in the air, get a air test and go to work.

Because they have a train sheet that shows how their train is put together, they can make a plan on how to work their particular industries, in what order and what time.
What helps a lot is most of the lead jobs are made up of crews who worked those same jobs, so we know how the plants and industries need their cars, and how the local crew will have to work them.

I am sure Carl can tell you how POed a crew can get if you line it up wrong!

My counterpart on the other side of the yard takes the inbounds from those same industries apart, and builds trains that end up going to...Carl, for one!

Because he doesn’t have to worry about anything other than what yard they will be left at, all he has to do is block them out to which Class 1 gets them, and what order the train will pass through those yards.

He throws all the UP in one, BNSF in another, TexMex and KCS in a third.

If he is on the ball, he holds out the cars, say for a local UP, and sets it up so if the first stop is Englewood here in Houston, all the cars for that yard end up on the head end, so all they have to do is pull in, cut the Englewood transfer off, and shove into the yard, cut away and get back against his train, and go.

Some yards they just drag into, and cut off the rear set out, and keep on going, so he has to know how each of those yards are set up, and how they are worked, so he can set up the outbound to be worked in that exact order, saves time and effort for the Class1 road crews.

While I switch by the seat of my pants, and can tell the engineer to kick hard or soft, float one down there, or hammer one to close up any gaps, Carl has a lot more information to deal with.

He has to know if its a load or empty, how full the track it is going to is, how fast is it coming over the hump, how hard or soft to set the retarders, is a track almost full, so does he hold up the pu***ill the trim job can clear that full track out, or can he squeak one more in there.

Different approaches to the same basic job.
We take trains apart, and put them back together in a different order.

It aint rocket science, but it isn’t just mindless rote work either.

Not the glamorous road trains fans watch, but if you think about it, those trains you chase and photograph start with guys like me and Carl.
We build it, they drag it....
Ed

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Friday, July 1, 2005 2:13 PM
To all the yard crews everywhere:
I've always been fascinated by watching you at work, whether it's a hump crew pushing over the hump, the pulldown job which empties the bowl and arranges everything for the road crew or a flat switch crew getting the industrial job in the right order. It's a shame that it doesn't translate well in still photography, especially when kicking cars or executing a drop without putting anything on the ground[tup]

Paul
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Posted by edblysard on Friday, July 1, 2005 7:11 PM
Executing a drop?
No no no nooooo...we don’t drop cars anymore....[;)]

It says so right in the GCOR....

Ed

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Posted by jeaton on Friday, July 1, 2005 8:27 PM
Rrriiiight!

"We have met the enemy and he is us." Pogo Possum "We have met the anemone... and he is Russ." Bucky Katt "Prediction is very difficult, especially if it's about the future." Niels Bohr, Nobel laureate in physics

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