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Longer Trains Cause More Derailments

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Posted by Euclid on Thursday, June 1, 2023 11:00 AM

zugmann

Was the engineer running the train - or was the software?

 

I don’t know.  The FRA cites this wreck as an example of excess in-train forces that they warn about.  In the part I quoted in blue above, they refer to “train makeup and train handling” as being the cause, but they don’t say that the train handling was being done by computer.  If it was being done by computer, it would seem that the FRA is in remiss for not mentioning that critical fact.    
 
The FRA does say that the 210-car train was operating as a conventional train with all the power on the head end.  They said the train was decelerating by the use of dynamic braking from the 2 lead units when buff force peaked at bottom of a sag as approximately the last 105 cars ran-in while descending that sag.  Coincidentally, this point of derailment was captured on video by a driver waiting at a grade crossing. 
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Posted by zugmann on Thursday, June 1, 2023 10:36 AM

Was the engineer running the train - or was the software?

It's been fun.  But it isn't much fun anymore.   Signing off for now. 


  

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Posted by Euclid on Thursday, June 1, 2023 10:02 AM

BigJim

 

 
Euclid
So when this train applied dynamic braking of the two head end locomotives, it only retarded the wheels of those two locomotives.  All of the 210 cars trailing the locomotives had no braking at all acting on their wheels.  If you use air brakes, then all 840 car wheels of the train will have brake shoes pressing into them. 

 

Once again, you have no idea how to run a train nor the proper use of the automatic brake! 

 

I have never claimed to have any idea of how the train should have been handled.  I did say, “If you use air brakes, then all 840 car wheels of the train will have brake shoes pressing into them.”  Is that not a true statement?  It is only to distinguish the effects of air brakes compared to dynamic brakes.  It has nothing to do with what the engineer of this train should have done, as you seem to be interpreting from my statement about the difference between air brakes and dynamic brakes.
 
But in any case, why don’t you tell us what you would have done to reduce speed as was done with that NS train when it slowed down at Springfield, OH and buckled in about the middle. 
 
This what the FRA has concluded so far:
 
“FRA's investigation into this incident is currently ongoing, but preliminary indications show excessive buff force due to train makeup and train handling are the primary causes of the incident.”
 

If the FRA is right about part of the cause being the train handling, what might they be referring to? 

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Posted by BigJim on Thursday, June 1, 2023 9:23 AM

Euclid
So when this train applied dynamic braking of the two head end locomotives, it only retarded the wheels of those two locomotives.  All of the 210 cars trailing the locomotives had no braking at all acting on their wheels.  If you use air brakes, then all 840 car wheels of the train will have brake shoes pressing into them. 

Once again, you have no idea how to run a train nor the proper use of the automatic brake! 

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Posted by BaltACD on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 4:42 PM

tree68
 
Overmod 
charlie hebdo
You missed the key point of Bucky's post, namely that the doomed train lacked sufficient braking capability. 

But wasn't a key point at Springfield that there was too much (or more precisely too quickly, or poorly modulated) head-end-only dynamic braking, causing run-in acceleration in part of the lightly-loaded intermediate section of the consist?  

One could argue that there was too much braking capacity, in the wrong place...

An thus we have the most critical element of a Engineers performance in getting his train SAFELY across the road.

Gross manipulation of throttle and braking systems can tear trains apart and derail them. 

Engineers are ones who MASTER the finess of manipulating the tools of their trades.  How do Engineers master their tools, train after train after train, trip after trip after trip - every train and trip is a learning experience, several synapse of gray matter are filed about the minuate of today's train operation as compared to hundreds if not thousands of trips with other trains and the sensations those train transmitted to the Engineer when various train handling techniques were applied at various locations on each trip.

Engineers are planning their control inputs miles in advance of when those inputs are going to be necessary, as in many cases certain actions have to be completed prior to those inputs.  As operators of automobiles, we are able to safely respond to virtually any situation we can see before the situation becomes an accident.  Railroad Engineers on Main tracks cannot operate at track speeds within their range of vision; they have to be planning actions for situations they know will present themselves but they cannot see them yet.

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Posted by tree68 on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 4:24 PM

Euclid
If you use air brakes, then all 840 car wheels of the train will have brake shoes pressing into them. 

And all 840 brake shoes are just that much closer to replacement.  Brake shoes cost money, as does the labor to replace them.  It may not sound like much, but with hundreds of thousands of cars in circulation, it adds up.

Smart automobile drivers use "dynamic braking" all the time. Better known as engine braking.  Either that, or let geography help - going up a hill?  Just let gravity slow  you down.  Why wear out one's brakes?

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Posted by Euclid on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 4:17 PM
To Big Jim’s point in the last post of the previous page, I am aware of the fact that rules limit the application of dynamic brakes and also aware of the reason for that limitation.  But I don’t know all the details of those rules.   In any case, everything I stated about the matter is cited from FRA report I linked.  The report raises several questions.  One question is, why did the crew not use the dynamic braking of the mid-train DPU?  Even if they were limited by rules to only use dynamics of two units (as Big Jim says), why use the two head end units?  Why not use one of the head end units and the mid-train unit.  I’ll bet that would have prevented the derailment. 
 
As I understand it, railroads are urging engineers of monster trains to use dynamic braking rather than air braking.  The problem with dynamics is that all of the braking effort comes from retarding the rotation of the wheels of the locomotive applying dynamic braking.  So when this train applied dynamic braking of the two head end locomotives, it only retarded the wheels of those two locomotives.  All of the 210 cars trailing the locomotives had no braking at all acting on their wheels.  If you use air brakes, then all 840 car wheels of the train will have brake shoes pressing into them. 
 
Granted, the locomotives are heavier than the cars, so dynamic brakes do cause the locomotives to have considerable retarding force.  But the 210 cars, having no retarding force of their own, will run in hard against the dynamic braked locomotives.  And especially if there is a concentration of weight at the rear of the train those heavier cars will run in very hard against the lighter cars in the middle of the train with a high probability of buckling the train due to the concentrating of buff (compression) force.  According to the FRA, that is exactly what happened.   
 
Another point that played a part in this wreck was the fact resistive braking force generated by the dynamic braking of the head end locomotives will not affect all 210 cars until the slack runs in and bunches every one of the 420 coupling joints of the train.  And while that slack is running in, if any of the track is downhill for the train, any cars in that downhill area that have not yet run in, will be accelerating due to the pull of gravity.  So when the final run-in occurs, it may be that the colliding cars  are running 10-20 mph faster  than the cars that have already run in and formed a tight block.  Then running straight into that blockage with an impact speed of 10-20 mph, comes a large line of empty, cars followed by a slug of heavy loads at the tail end.    
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Posted by tree68 on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 4:10 PM

Overmod
 
charlie hebdo
You missed the key point of Bucky's post, namely that the doomed train lacked sufficient braking capability.

 

But wasn't a key point at Springfield that there was too much (or more precisely too quickly, or poorly modulated) head-end-only dynamic braking, causing run-in acceleration in part of the lightly-loaded intermediate section of the consist? 

One could argue that there was too much braking capacity, in the wrong place...

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Posted by Overmod on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 3:28 PM

charlie hebdo
You missed the key point of Bucky's post, namely that the doomed train lacked sufficient braking capability.

But wasn't a key point at Springfield that there was too much (or more precisely too quickly, or poorly modulated) head-end-only dynamic braking, causing run-in acceleration in part of the lightly-loaded intermediate section of the consist?

 

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Posted by charlie hebdo on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 1:27 PM

You missed the key point of Bucky's post, namely that the doomed train lacked sufficient braking capability.

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Posted by BigJim on Wednesday, May 31, 2023 8:21 AM

Euclid
At the time of the derailment, the entire 210-car train was being slowed with dynamic braking provided by only by the two units on the head end.


It is obvious that you don't know that the use of more than a certain amount of traction motors of dynamic braking can be utilized by the engineer. This amount varies by type of locomotive. Suffice it to say that two Hi-ad units or three conventional units is the max that can be on line in dynamic brake.

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Posted by Euclid on Tuesday, May 30, 2023 11:18 AM
Regarding train make-up, one of the most essential principles that is always cited is to place loads up front and empties the furthest back.  According to the FRA, the NS train that derailed at Springfield, OH a few months ago was 210 cars long with most of the weight concentrated near the head end and near the hind end; and with the least weight in the middle range.   This was also classified as a Key train with hazmat mixed into the consist. 
 
At the time of the derailment, the entire 210-car train was being slowed with dynamic braking provided by only by the two units on the head end.  We are told that the railroads pay a lot of attention to safe train make-up, and yet this train was almost a recipe for a derailment.  Why would they knowingly take such a risk?
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Posted by BaltACD on Monday, May 29, 2023 2:58 PM

zugmann
 
Euclid
It is true that any engineer can derail their train with bad train handling.  But I don’t think this fact can rule out the possibility that the longer trains have higher in-train forces that can make it easier for a careless engineer to cause a derailment due in part to poor train handling.  It has not even been established that what is considered proper train handling for moderate train lengths may be inadequate for the ultra-long trains.  

Kind of forgetting trip optimizer is a thing. 

And in 'Company Eyes' Trip Optimizer is infailible.  Even when Trip Optimizer makes train handling actions that cause derailments.  Only human engineers make train handling mistakes in the eyes of the company.

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Posted by zugmann on Monday, May 29, 2023 12:46 PM

Euclid
It is true that any engineer can derail their train with bad train handling.  But I don’t think this fact can rule out the possibility that the longer trains have higher in-train forces that can make it easier for a careless engineer to cause a derailment due in part to poor train handling.  It has not even been established that what is considered proper train handling for moderate train lengths may be inadequate for the ultra-long trains. 

 

Kind of forgetting trip optimizer is a thing. 

It's been fun.  But it isn't much fun anymore.   Signing off for now. 


  

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Posted by Euclid on Monday, May 29, 2023 12:24 PM

BaltACD

 

 
Euclid
 
Overmod

Why didn't you put 5 and 6 in red, too?  The latter is just what you were calling for in the last few weeks.

Here is the relevant reference in the eCFR:

https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-II/part-217/subpart-A/section-217.9

Note subpart (c)(1).

I know it can be irritating to wade through the Federal verbiage and cross-reference their priorities with actual railroad reality, but this actually calls for operations testing and not 'more detailed inspections'. 

I don’t mean to diminish the role of testing.  I think all of the points on the FRA list are relevant.  It is just that #4 interests me most because it is wrapped around the factors that lead to excess in-train forces.  Until that issue is fully understood, it will not be solvable.  And to be fully understood, it needs to be tested-sensed on monster trains.  Of course sensing the drawbar loading on various mixes of trains that are over 200 cars long will be an awful chore.  But if it is done, I suspect it will disclose some surprising slack behavior.  Maybe in lieu of measuring forces with sensors to start, they could develop a program that could analyze a hypothetical long train just according to its makeup and location on the line.  Then use that program to predict whether the NS train that derailed in Springfield, OH would derail as it did.  But I would not stop there, especially if the program says the Springfield derailment would not have happened. 

 

Improper, ham fisted, locomotive operation can cause a derailment of virtually any size train - big or small.

Cause of the Springfield, OH derailment has not been published - officially or unoffically.  Without access to the full investigation of the incident we don't know anything factual.  Without factual knowledge we are just making WAGs.

 

The following report on the Springfield, OH wreck has been published by the FRA.  In this and other publications by them, they clearly indicate that they believe the recent increases in train length are increasing the likelihood of those trains derailing.  They say this is due to those the longer trains having higher in-train forces of buff and draft compared to trains in the period before this current era of substantially longer trains.   The do say their investigation is ongoing, but they have made several statements of fact.  I don’t expect that is just their guesswork. 
 
“Springfield, Ohio—March 4, 2023
 
On March 4, 2023, at approximately 4:54 p.m. a Norfolk Southern Railway (NS) 210-car, mixed-freight train totaling 13,470 feet and 17,966 trailing tons with distributed power units (DPUs) experienced a derailment involving 28 cars, including 21 empty and 7 loaded cars in Springfield, Ohio. The train had 82 cars equipped with end-of-car cushioning devices, and 18 of those derailed. The train consisted of three head-end locomotives and two mid-train DPUs, with one head-end locomotive offline. The train was traveling on an ascending 0.6% grade with the heavier part of the consist (the back end) on a 0.7% downhill grade. The weight was mostly concentrated at the head and rear ends of the train.
 
During the incident, dynamic braking was applied only to the head-end locomotive consist, while the DPUs were idle, making the train function like a conventional train. The derailment happened at the sag between ascending and descending grades, with short, empty rail cars designed to ship coiled steel being the first to derail. Buff forces peaked as the downhill portion of the train ran-in, causing the derailment of cars 70 through 72 (the short coil cars) and the subsequent pile-up.
 
The train was classified as a key train,[7] with 28 loaded hazardous materials (hazmat) cars distributed throughout. No hazmat cars derailed. FRA's investigation into this incident is currently ongoing, but preliminary indications show excessive buff force due to train makeup and train handling are the primary causes of the incident.”
 
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 
 
It is true that any engineer can derail their train with bad train handling.  But I don’t think this fact can rule out the possibility that the longer trains have higher in-train forces that can make it easier for a careless engineer to cause a derailment due in part to poor train handling.  It has not even been established that what is considered proper train handling for moderate train lengths may be inadequate for the ultra-long trains. 
 
Regarding wild guesses about the cause of a wreck, there has been no official investigation completed for the East Palestine wreck, and yet the whole world takes it as fact that the cause was bearing failure.  I might have missed it, but I don’t recall the NTSB stating any cause for the East Palestine wreck.  They confirm that there was a bearing failure, but not that it caused the derailment.
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Posted by tree68 on Sunday, May 28, 2023 9:06 PM

BaltACD
CSX has a group of 'box cars' that have been outfitted with geometry measurement equipment that they operate on various regularly scheduled trains operating over the network. 

Generally easily spotted by the huge billboard lettering "DO NOT HUMP" on both sides...  

At night you can sometimes spot the lasers under the cars.

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Posted by BaltACD on Sunday, May 28, 2023 9:01 PM

rdamon
Tetra Tech’s RailAI system offers the most technologically advanced in revenue service, at track speed, fully autonomous track inspection assessment system available.

https://railai.tetratech.com/

 

CSX has a group of 'box cars' that have been outfitted with geometry measurement equipment that they operate on various regularly scheduled trains operating over the network.  The also have specific locomotives that have been outfitted for track geometry measurements.  I know the locomotives wirelessly transmit the exceptions they find to the MofW Desk in Jacksonville who in turn notify the Roadmaster of the affected territory for them to inspect and recitfy.  I don't know of the box cars are wirelessly reporting the results of the data they develop.

I know the locomotives were reporting data before I retired in 2016.  I would imagine improvements have been made in the past seven years.

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Posted by rdamon on Sunday, May 28, 2023 8:42 PM

Tetra Tech’s RailAI system offers the most technologically advanced in revenue service, at track speed, fully autonomous track inspection assessment system available.

https://railai.tetratech.com/

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Posted by BaltACD on Saturday, May 27, 2023 11:48 AM

Euclid
 
Overmod

Why didn't you put 5 and 6 in red, too?  The latter is just what you were calling for in the last few weeks.

Here is the relevant reference in the eCFR:

https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-II/part-217/subpart-A/section-217.9

Note subpart (c)(1).

I know it can be irritating to wade through the Federal verbiage and cross-reference their priorities with actual railroad reality, but this actually calls for operations testing and not 'more detailed inspections'. 

I don’t mean to diminish the role of testing.  I think all of the points on the FRA list are relevant.  It is just that #4 interests me most because it is wrapped around the factors that lead to excess in-train forces.  Until that issue is fully understood, it will not be solvable.  And to be fully understood, it needs to be tested-sensed on monster trains.  Of course sensing the drawbar loading on various mixes of trains that are over 200 cars long will be an awful chore.  But if it is done, I suspect it will disclose some surprising slack behavior.  Maybe in lieu of measuring forces with sensors to start, they could develop a program that could analyze a hypothetical long train just according to its makeup and location on the line.  Then use that program to predict whether the NS train that derailed in Springfield, OH would derail as it did.  But I would not stop there, especially if the program says the Springfield derailment would not have happened. 

Improper, ham fisted, locomotive operation can cause a derailment of virtually any size train - big or small.

Cause of the Springfield, OH derailment has not been published - officially or unoffically.  Without access to the full investigation of the incident we don't know anything factual.  Without factual knowledge we are just making WAGs.

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Posted by Euclid on Saturday, May 27, 2023 10:41 AM

Overmod

Why didn't you put 5 and 6 in red, too?  The latter is just what you were calling for in the last few weeks.

Here is the relevant reference in the eCFR:

https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-II/part-217/subpart-A/section-217.9

Note subpart (c)(1).

I know it can be irritating to wade through the Federal verbiage and cross-reference their priorities with actual railroad reality, but this actually calls for operations testing and not 'more detailed inspections'.

 

I don’t mean to diminish the role of testing.  I think all of the points on the FRA list are relevant.  It is just that #4 interests me most because it is wrapped around the factors that lead to excess in-train forces.  Until that issue is fully understood, it will not be solvable.  And to be fully understood, it needs to be tested-sensed on monster trains.  Of course sensing the drawbar loading on various mixes of trains that are over 200 cars long will be an awful chore.  But if it is done, I suspect it will disclose some surprising slack behavior.  Maybe in lieu of measuring forces with sensors to start, they could develop a program that could analyze a hypothetical long train just according to its makeup and location on the line.  Then use that program to predict whether the NS train that derailed in Springfield, OH would derail as it did.  But I would not stop there, especially if the program says the Springfield derailment would not have happened. 
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Posted by BigJim on Saturday, May 27, 2023 9:03 AM

Euclid
4. Identify changes to crew training, train handling procedures, train makeup, DPU requirements, limitations to length or tonnage, speed restrictions, track, mechanical, and brake inspection and maintenance requirements necessary to ensure safe operations of longer trains.


Sorry, I can't read through all  of this stuff, but, are any of you considering that the companies, in particular NS, is requiring crews to let the train be run by the computer?

.

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Posted by Overmod on Saturday, May 27, 2023 7:30 AM

Why didn't you put 5 and 6 in red, too?  The latter is just what you were calling for in the last few weeks.

Here is the relevant reference in the eCFR:

https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-II/part-217/subpart-A/section-217.9

Note subpart (c)(1).

I know it can be irritating to wade through the Federal verbiage and cross-reference their priorities with actual railroad reality, but this actually calls for operations testing and not 'more detailed inspections'.

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Posted by Euclid on Friday, May 26, 2023 2:32 PM
Here is what the FRA is asking the industry to do in order to offset the rising danger of the substantial increase in freight train length.  I have emphasized item #4 in red because it is the area that gets into the issues of rising in-train forces that I have posted about.  Also interesting are the implications of the last paragraph:
 
“V. Recommended Actions
 
Due to the complexities involved in the operation of longer trains, and to ensure the safety of the Nation’s railroads, their employees, and the general public, FRA recommends that freight railroads take the following actions:
 
1. Review ABTH rules, or supplements, to ensure those rules adequately address the complexities associated with the railroad’s operation of longer trains.
 
2. Implement technologies, policies, procedures, and/or any necessary hardware enhancements to ensure two-way EOT devices maintain undisrupted communications to and from the head-end and rear-end units. Develop, implement, and maintain clear policies, procedures, and rules that address instances of the loss of communications between EOT devices.
 
3. Adopt enhanced technologies and/or procedures for maintaining radio voice communications with a contingency plan if voice communications are lost between operating employees.
 
4. Identify changes to crew training, train handling procedures, train makeup, DPU requirements, limitations to length or tonnage, speed restrictions, track, mechanical, and brake inspection and maintenance requirements necessary to ensure safe operations of longer trains.
 
5. Review, and update as necessary, each railroad’s current 49 CFR part 240 locomotive engineer certification program to ensure the program addresses all levels of operations, including the operation of longer trains.
 
6. Review and evaluate existing operational testing data as required by 49 CFR 217.9(e) relevant to the operation of longer trains. If longer train operations are conducted, or if any potential training or compliance issues are identified, consider increasing the frequency of operational testing and/or modifying the types of operational testing performed to address those deficiencies.
 
7. Identify geographic areas that could be impacted by longer trains at highway rail grade crossings, take action to minimize blocked crossings by considering train length when taking any action that causes any part of a train to occupy a crossing, and work with local communities and emergency responders to prevent or at least mitigate the impacts of blocked crossings should they occur.
 
8. Conduct post-accident simulator evaluations and assign accurate primary and contributing cause codes for reportable and accountable accidents and incidents. A detailed narrative is basic to an understanding of the factors leading to, and the consequences arising from, an accident.
 
FRA encourages freight railroads to take actions consistent with the preceding recommendations. FRA may modify this Safety Advisory 2023-03, issue additional safety advisories, or take other appropriate action necessary to ensure the highest level of safety on the Nation’s railroads, including pursing other corrective measures under its rail safety authority.
 
Issued in Washington, D.C.
 
Amitabha Bose,
 
Administrator.”
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Posted by Euclid on Monday, May 22, 2023 5:25 PM

BaltACD

 

 
Euclid
 
BaltACD 
Euclid
Yes I understand that trains change their consists by making setouts and pickups along the way.  Why is that a problem?  The system I refer to will warn of dangerous train consist/make-up, not only prior to departure, but also with every change in consist along the route. 
A key point here is that the physical train does not have to even exist to be inspected by this system program.  All it needs to “inspect” the train is a list of its cars. 
 
This is basically what the FRA intends to do in order to solve a problem  of dangerously high in-train forces that they believe exists with this new generation of ultra-long trains.  The solution is essentially the same as the train marshalling programs that have been developed and sometimes used over the last 15 years.  But the FRA finds evidence that the risk of this problem of excess in-train forces has grown larger precisely because of the massive increase in train length in recent years.  So they are calling for new research to find and predict these higher in-train forces.  Why would anybody besides railroad management oppose that? 

Your protestations remind me of when a change was made to the National T&E contract that permitted cars for a 'block' to be in other locations in trains and that crews could be required to switch out those 'outliers' with no penalty payments being owed to the crew.

Some 'Terminal Management' thought buckshotting cars in the trains was the way to minimize the terminals crew time in building trains.  All was well and good until senior division management started asking why it was take three, four or more hours for a train to make a 25 cars set off ON LINE OF ROAD.

When it comes to block swapping - a block that is made correctly for Train 1 can be a issue for Train 2, especially when HAZMAT is part of any of the trains. 

You and Don say the in-train force detection system I propose has already been done.  And you also seem to be saying it won’t work because of the block problem you are describing. Can you explain this?  If the system cannot work, why was it built?

 

 
P S R
 

Yes, PSR…
 
I have found several references by railroad workers saying that the increasing train length is causing more derailments.  They all do indeed cite PSR as being the underlying cause of these increasing derailments.  The point is that PSR is about doing more with less, and the “less” in this case is fewer trains.  The point of fewer trains is fewer train crews.  So the PSR in this case, is moving the same amount of freight with fewer crews, and thus lowering crew cost.
 
There also seems to be a consensus brewing that will require ECP brakes to be used on all autonomous trains as they are developed.  For the time being, there seems to be little chance of forcing adoption of ECP brakes on the crewed operation of ultra-long trains.  But a line in the sand is being drawn to require ECP for autonomous operation.  For ultra-long trains operated without ECP, the solution will be to both understand and address the issues of in-train forces; or to place a legal limit on train length. 
 
One person’s comment that I read claimed that there is nothing fundamentally dangerous with the ultra-long trains if they are executed properly.  But currently they are executed according to the principles of PSR, which essentially cuts corners to increase profits.  And that is what makes the ultra-long trains of today unsafe. 
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Posted by BaltACD on Sunday, May 14, 2023 1:42 PM

Euclid
 
BaltACD 
Euclid
Yes I understand that trains change their consists by making setouts and pickups along the way.  Why is that a problem?  The system I refer to will warn of dangerous train consist/make-up, not only prior to departure, but also with every change in consist along the route. 
A key point here is that the physical train does not have to even exist to be inspected by this system program.  All it needs to “inspect” the train is a list of its cars. 
 
This is basically what the FRA intends to do in order to solve a problem  of dangerously high in-train forces that they believe exists with this new generation of ultra-long trains.  The solution is essentially the same as the train marshalling programs that have been developed and sometimes used over the last 15 years.  But the FRA finds evidence that the risk of this problem of excess in-train forces has grown larger precisely because of the massive increase in train length in recent years.  So they are calling for new research to find and predict these higher in-train forces.  Why would anybody besides railroad management oppose that? 

Your protestations remind me of when a change was made to the National T&E contract that permitted cars for a 'block' to be in other locations in trains and that crews could be required to switch out those 'outliers' with no penalty payments being owed to the crew.

Some 'Terminal Management' thought buckshotting cars in the trains was the way to minimize the terminals crew time in building trains.  All was well and good until senior division management started asking why it was take three, four or more hours for a train to make a 25 cars set off ON LINE OF ROAD.

When it comes to block swapping - a block that is made correctly for Train 1 can be a issue for Train 2, especially when HAZMAT is part of any of the trains. 

You and Don say the in-train force detection system I propose has already been done.  And you also seem to be saying it won’t work because of the block problem you are describing.  Can you explain this?  If the system cannot work, why was it built?

 
P S R

Never too old to have a happy childhood!

              

  • Member since
    January 2014
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Posted by Euclid on Sunday, May 14, 2023 1:11 PM

BaltACD

 

 
Euclid
Yes I understand that trains change their consists by making setouts and pickups along the way.  Why is that a problem?  The system I refer to will warn of dangerous train consist/make-up, not only prior to departure, but also with every change in consist along the route. 
A key point here is that the physical train does not have to even exist to be inspected by this system program.  All it needs to “inspect” the train is a list of its cars. 
 
This is basically what the FRA intends to do in order to solve a problem  of dangerously high in-train forces that they believe exists with this new generation of ultra-long trains.  The solution is essentially the same as the train marshalling programs that have been developed and sometimes used over the last 15 years.  But the FRA finds evidence that the risk of this problem of excess in-train forces has grown larger precisely because of the massive increase in train length in recent years.  So they are calling for new research to find and predict these higher in-train forces.  Why would anybody besides railroad management oppose that? 

 

Your protestations remind me of when a change was made to the National T&E contract that permitted cars for a 'block' to be in other locations in trains and that crews could be required to switch out those 'outliers' with no penalty payments being owed to the crew.

Some 'Terminal Management' thought buckshotting cars in the trains was the way to minimize the terminals crew time in building trains.  All was well and good until senior division management started asking why it was take three, four or more hours for a train to make a 25 cars set off ON LINE OF ROAD.

When it comes to block swapping - a block that is made correctly for Train 1 can be a issue for Train 2, especially when HAZMAT is part of any of the trains.

 

You and Don say the in-train force detection system I propose has already been done.  And you also seem to be saying it won’t work because of the block problem you are describing.  Can you explain this?  If the system cannot work, why was it built?
  • Member since
    March 2003
  • From: Central Iowa
  • 6,901 posts
Posted by jeffhergert on Saturday, May 13, 2023 7:05 PM

zugmann

 

 
Euclid
The system I refer to will warn of dangerous train consist/make-up, not only prior to departure, but also with every change in consist along the route.  

 

There's a lot of these models already out there.  They will continue to be be refined, and use expanded, I'm sure - but to imply they currently do not exist is disingenious at best. 

 

We now have a thing now called UP Vision.  One of the features is that it lists places of risk areas for draft/buff force.  It gives the mile post and even gives the car number where it's calculated the forces will be the most extreme for that location. 

I checked a manifest scheduled with 196 loads, 34 empties 25700 tons and 13900 feet in length.  There are 25 locations of medium or high (mostly medium, only about 4 high locations) of buff/draft force risks on four different subdivision. 

The programs are out there.  If they are actually used to rearrange a consist at an originating terminal, I wouldn't know.  I think most of the yard masters just use the regular computer programs to "train set" a consist.  If the computer doesn't spit out a warning and sets the consist, it's good to go.

Jeff

  • Member since
    May 2003
  • From: US
  • 25,292 posts
Posted by BaltACD on Saturday, May 13, 2023 4:58 PM

Euclid
Yes I understand that trains change their consists by making setouts and pickups along the way.  Why is that a problem?  The system I refer to will warn of dangerous train consist/make-up, not only prior to departure, but also with every change in consist along the route. 
A key point here is that the physical train does not have to even exist to be inspected by this system program.  All it needs to “inspect” the train is a list of its cars. 
 
This is basically what the FRA intends to do in order to solve a problem  of dangerously high in-train forces that they believe exists with this new generation of ultra-long trains.  The solution is essentially the same as the train marshalling programs that have been developed and sometimes used over the last 15 years.  But the FRA finds evidence that the risk of this problem of excess in-train forces has grown larger precisely because of the massive increase in train length in recent years.  So they are calling for new research to find and predict these higher in-train forces.  Why would anybody besides railroad management oppose that? 

Your protestations remind me of when a change was made to the National T&E contract that permitted cars for a 'block' to be in other locations in trains and that crews could be required to switch out those 'outliers' with no penalty payments being owed to the crew.

Some 'Terminal Management' thought buckshotting cars in the trains was the way to minimize the terminals crew time in building trains.  All was well and good until senior division management started asking why it was take three, four or more hours for a train to make a 25 cars set off ON LINE OF ROAD.

When it comes to block swapping - a block that is made correctly for Train 1 can be a issue for Train 2, especially when HAZMAT is part of any of the trains.

Never too old to have a happy childhood!

              

  • Member since
    January 2002
  • From: Canterlot
  • 9,575 posts
Posted by zugmann on Saturday, May 13, 2023 3:19 PM

Euclid
The system I refer to will warn of dangerous train consist/make-up, not only prior to departure, but also with every change in consist along the route.  

There's a lot of these models already out there.  They will continue to be be refined, and use expanded, I'm sure - but to imply they currently do not exist is disingenious at best. 

It's been fun.  But it isn't much fun anymore.   Signing off for now. 


  

The opinions expressed here represent my own and not those of my employer, any other railroad, company, or person.t fun any

  • Member since
    January 2014
  • 8,221 posts
Posted by Euclid on Saturday, May 13, 2023 1:43 PM

BaltACD

 

 
oltmannd
 
BaltACD 
oltmannd 
Euclid
This issue is not just a matter of having computers and doing modeling.  Everybody is doing that every day.  The point is that the computer modeling needed for solving the problem of excess in-train forces has got to be directed at that problem.  So the first step is to find examples of that problem by measuring in-train forces.  Then use the most applicable computer analysis to see if it verifies that same problem.  If it does not verify the problem, then try to figure out why a real problem is not detected by the computer program.  In other words, you need to test real trains to learn how to build the program that can flag that problem before it causes a derailment.  

Validation work had long been done.  Models work very well.

You can't practically model every train for every operational scenario before you dispatch. Train forces are the results of train handling which depend largely on what's happening where on the railroad plus unintended stuff.

You gonna model the train going into emergency every 50 feet?  For a separated air hose at every one of 200 locations on the train?  Or even every combination of DB and service brake application for every spot the train might have to slow down?  

Not happening.  Can't happen.  

Euc wants all that modeling done for each train that departs its originating terminal - for each and every train, every trip.  Probably ending in discipline for somebody if the train derails for any reason anywhere. 

Yup.  And what are you going to use for train handling inputs?  You put that exact train out on the road for 10,000 days in a row and you'll have 10,000 unique sets of train handling data (brake, throttle, DB, etc.)

 

Which is a concept Euc can't or won't comprehend.

My favorite interest is automobile racing - virtually all forms from F1 through IndyCar, NASCAR and on down to Club racing and the local bull ring dirt tracks.  In many cases there are 'spec classes' where the intent of the specifications are to make the cars as identical as humanly possible to that the driver is the variable to the success or failure in any competition.  The drivers is the 'master sensor' and is the one that inputs throttle, brake and steering inputs to make the car go - good drivers are faster than less than good driver.  I won't hazard any guess to what a 'computer' driver's performance would be.

I have not been on any trains that are being operated with the various locomotive operation computer application, as such I am not in any position to comment on how well those programs peform, what their sensory inputs are and how they react to those sensory inputs.  Jeff Hergert would be a much better source on their operation and quirks.

 

 

Yes I understand that trains change their consists by making setouts and pickups along the way.  Why is that a problem?  The system I refer to will warn of dangerous train consist/make-up, not only prior to departure, but also with every change in consist along the route.
 
A key point here is that the physical train does not have to even exist to be inspected by this system program.  All it needs to “inspect” the train is a list of its cars. 
 
This is basically what the FRA intends to do in order to solve a problem  of dangerously high in-train forces that they believe exists with this new generation of ultra-long trains.  The solution is essentially the same as the train marshalling programs that have been developed and sometimes used over the last 15 years.  But the FRA finds evidence that the risk of this problem of excess in-train forces has grown larger precisely because of the massive increase in train length in recent years.  So they are calling for new research to find and predict these higher in-train forces.  Why would anybody besides railroad management oppose that? 

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