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Rotary grain hoppers?

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Posted by Overmod on Wednesday, October 13, 2021 8:25 PM

Murphy Siding
For what it's worth, that rang a bell with me.

Cheap coal in a pile at a coal yard would be lignite no more than 5nm nanoparticles would be used in sunscreen.  A considerable range of lignite turns to dust as its water evaporates, yes, but the result is pyrophoric, aning the least delightful things in a yard full of bituminous dust and CERTAINLY something you wouldn't slide 100' in a metal trough into a closed basement... Surprise

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Wednesday, October 13, 2021 4:50 PM

jeffhergert

When he said cheap coal that was more like a pile of coal dust, I thought of lignite.  The Milwaukee Road had a unit train with special cars with covers that ran up in the Dakotas/Montana between a mine and power plant.  There was also an article in Trains many years ago about a steam locomotive modified to use lignite as a test.  IIRC, it was a Texas and Pacific engine, called the "snuff dipper" because of the texture of the coal.

Jeff

 

For what it's worth, that rang a bell with me. Our old lumberyard was where the Rock Island and The Milwaukee Road crossed each other. It's quite possible the cheap coal came on the Milwaukee.

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Posted by wjstix on Wednesday, October 13, 2021 3:32 PM

Murphy Siding

Maybe I'm out of touch. East of Kimball S.D. on the Dakota Southern RR is a ginormous grain elevator. It has a 12 or 13 track storage area that butts up to I-90. I noticed that the covered hoppers there were all red at one end, the way coal cars are painted. Do these run through a rotary dumper to empty the cars?

 
Well, logic would say that wouldn't work. Hopper and Bathtub Gons used to haul coal are open on top, so turning them over to dump makes sense. Covered hopper cars are, well, covered, so trying to dump the grain out the trough hatches on top would be more difficult than dumping out the bottom per usual.
 
As has been noted, some railroads did as a decoration color one end of the car differently than the rest, it could well just be that the cars you saw were painted that way by the company that owned/leased the cars as a decoration.
 
 
 
 
Iron ore cars used in taconite unit trains quite often have one end of the car painted yellow, to help line up the cars under the loader. I don't know that something like that would help loading a unit train of grain cars however.
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Posted by BaltACD on Wednesday, October 13, 2021 10:34 AM

cv_acr
 
BaltACD
Suspect procedures have been streamlined in the march from the 1940's to the 21st Century.  Can't imagine any FARMER bringing his crop to the elevator in the back of a pick up truck.  Note that the film brags that a box car load of grain can be unloaded in 7 minutes - from the 21st Century viewpoint, unloaing 40 to 70 tons of grain from a box car in 7 minutes is not 'earth shattering' speed. 

Well definitely they have.

No longer bulk loads in 50-70 ton boxcars, but exclusively high-capacity 100-120 ton covered hoppers.

Grains from the fields are handled with large tractors and grain wagons to the local elevators (which are much larger, consolidated complexes compared to the old "prairie skyscraper" wood structures. Where it will be transloaded to transport trucks and/or rail cars.

There are several YouTube channels that illustrate 21st Century farming

Laura Farms is one from Nebraska

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaeGRmbs6bk

Welker Farms is another one from Montana

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JokzSFQFZdY

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Posted by cv_acr on Wednesday, October 13, 2021 9:40 AM

BaltACD
Suspect procedures have been streamlined in the march from the 1940's to the 21st Century.  Can't imagine any FARMER bringing his crop to the elevator in the back of a pick up truck.  Note that the film brags that a box car load of grain can be unloaded in 7 minutes - from the 21st Century viewpoint, unloaing 40 to 70 tons of grain from a box car in 7 minutes is not 'earth shattering' speed.

Well definitely they have.

No longer bulk loads in 50-70 ton boxcars, but exclusively high-capacity 100-120 ton covered hoppers.

Grains from the fields are handled with large tractors and grain wagons to the local elevators (which are much larger, consolidated complexes compared to the old "prairie skyscraper" wood structures. Where it will be transloaded to transport trucks and/or rail cars.

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Monday, October 11, 2021 8:00 AM

jeffhergert

When he said cheap coal that was more like a pile of coal dust, I thought of lignite.  The Milwaukee Road had a unit train with special cars with covers that ran up in the Dakotas/Montana between a mine and power plant.  There was also an article in Trains many years ago about a steam locomotive modified to use lignite as a test.  IIRC, it was a Texas and Pacific engine, called the "snuff dipper" because of the texture of the coal.

Jeff

 

I remember that. I believe it went from a mine in Montana, accross a little corner of ND, then accoss the top of SD on the Milwaukee Road to Big Stone power plant on the SD/MN border. I think it's the reason that portion of the Milwaukee Road didn't disappear into the dustbin of history.

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Monday, October 11, 2021 7:57 AM

SD60MAC9500
 

Murphy is it possible to post a pic of these covered hoppers?

 
 
 
 

No, I was on vacation a couple hundred miles from home.

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Posted by Overmod on Sunday, October 10, 2021 8:55 PM

CSSHEGEWISCH
I have the issue with that story.  The cover was by Gil Reid and showed the modified T&P 2-10-2 in service.

The Snuff Dioper and the Yellow Dog Blues.

Many years later with the joys of the Internet available I went back and looked over some of the Fuller-Lehigh development in the 1920s.  It was not quite as devoid of common sense as the Trains article made it seem... but it was one of those great drag-era optimizations like the D&H high-pressure compounds.

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Posted by BaltACD on Saturday, October 9, 2021 1:51 PM

Gramp
 
jeffhergert 
timz 
mudchicken
Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars 

Trains had an article (1950s?) on car tilters. As I recall they didn't just rotate the car around its longitudinal axis -- the front end of the car tilted up/down as the car was rotating left/right, the way you would do if you were emptying the car by hand. 

Unloading a box car.  About 19 mins 15 secs in.

https://www.nfb.ca/film/grain_handling_in_canada/ 

Jeff 

Gee, what a laborious process (Grain handling).

Suspect procedures have been streamlined in the march from the 1940's to the 21st Century.  Can't imagine any FARMER bringing his crop to the elevator in the back of a pick up truck.  Note that the film brags that a box car load of grain can be unloaded in 7 minutes - from the 21st Century viewpoint, unloaing 40 to 70 tons of grain from a box car in 7 minutes is not 'earth shattering' speed.

The thing that blows my mind is just how many acres of grain are farmed between the US and Canada on a yearly basis.  I make a yearly jaunt between Topeka, KS and the East Coast - driving through Indiana and Illinois where there are grain fields as far as the eye can see through 360 degrees of vision - that level of grain farming basically exists on every acre of prairie from the Arctic Circle to the Rio Grande River and everywhere in between.

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Posted by Gramp on Saturday, October 9, 2021 12:14 PM

jeffhergert

 

 
timz

 

 
mudchicken
Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars

 

Trains had an article (1950s?) on car tilters. As I recall they didn't just rotate the car around its longitudinal axis -- the front end of the car tilted up/down as the car was rotating left/right, the way you would do if you were emptying the car by hand.

 

 

 

 

Unloading a box car.  About 19 mins 15 secs in.

https://www.nfb.ca/film/grain_handling_in_canada/ 

Jeff

 

Gee, what a laborious process (Grain handling).

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Saturday, October 9, 2021 10:07 AM

I have the issue with that story.  The cover was by Gil Reid and showed the modified T&P 2-10-2 in service.

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Posted by jeffhergert on Friday, October 8, 2021 11:01 PM

When he said cheap coal that was more like a pile of coal dust, I thought of lignite.  The Milwaukee Road had a unit train with special cars with covers that ran up in the Dakotas/Montana between a mine and power plant.  There was also an article in Trains many years ago about a steam locomotive modified to use lignite as a test.  IIRC, it was a Texas and Pacific engine, called the "snuff dipper" because of the texture of the coal.

Jeff

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Posted by Overmod on Friday, October 8, 2021 4:30 PM

BEAUSABRE
If it was anthracite, that's called "culm"

I thought that was "slack".  "Culm" when I was young was coal fines mixed with slate, mud, and other unclassified stuff -- that was what the Wootten firebox could burn (and burn well enough to hold the world speed record for regular passenger trains in the early 1890s!)

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Posted by BEAUSABRE on Friday, October 8, 2021 10:55 AM

Murphy Siding
he did say that the cheapest coal they sold was pretty much a pile of coal dust that was hard to light.

If it was anthracite, that's called "culm" and originally discarded as being unmarketable. There were vast piles of the stuff at the breakers. Several people got the idea, "The coal operators are practically begging for people to take it off their hands, wouldn't it be a great, cheap fuel for our locomotives?" John Wooten of the Philadelphia & Reading came up with the solution - a huge grate in the firebox. Anthracite has a high heat content and produces little ash, but it burns slowly (is hard to ignite) so to get enough heat for a locomotive you need a bed of coals that is thin and large. Voila, the Wooten forebox and camelback locomotives

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wootten_firebox

Coal also comes in sizes (separated by sieves at the mine or breaker)

https://coalpail.com/coal-heating-encyclopedia/anthracite-coal-sizes

Types of coal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthracite

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_coal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignite

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peat

 

 

 

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Posted by SD60MAC9500 on Friday, October 8, 2021 9:26 AM
 

Murphy is it possible to post a pic of these covered hoppers?

 
 
 
Rahhhhhhhhh!!!!
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Posted by Murphy Siding on Friday, October 8, 2021 8:05 AM

jeffhergert
 
timz

 

 
mudchicken
Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars

 

Trains had an article (1950s?) on car tilters. As I recall they didn't just rotate the car around its longitudinal axis -- the front end of the car tilted up/down as the car was rotating left/right, the way you would do if you were emptying the car by hand.

 

 

 

 

Unloading a box car.  About 19 mins 15 secs in.

https://www.nfb.ca/film/grain_handling_in_canada/ 

Jeff

 

Thanks for the link. That was interesting. The guys riding the tops of the cars looked a little spooky.

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Posted by jeffhergert on Thursday, October 7, 2021 9:19 PM

timz

 

 
mudchicken
Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars

 

Trains had an article (1950s?) on car tilters. As I recall they didn't just rotate the car around its longitudinal axis -- the front end of the car tilted up/down as the car was rotating left/right, the way you would do if you were emptying the car by hand.

 

 

Unloading a box car.  About 19 mins 15 secs in.

https://www.nfb.ca/film/grain_handling_in_canada/ 

Jeff

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Posted by SD70Dude on Thursday, October 7, 2021 2:03 PM

CSSHEGEWISCH
mudchicken

Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars [that largely no longer exist]

The provincial grain elevators in Thunder Bay Ontario still had those devices in use at least as late as 1976.

Grain shipments in boxcars lasted until 1996 in western Canada, as the Hudson Bay Railway to Churchill, MB and some other branchlines with 60 lb rail and light duty bridges could not handle heavier covered hoppers.

These 40' grain boxcars were also the last major North American freight car fleet to have plain bearings.  Even the cars that the federal and Manitoba governments paid to have rebuilt during the 80s kept theirs.

http://tracksidetreasure.blogspot.com/2020/04/canadas-grain-fleet-boxcars.html

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Posted by timz on Thursday, October 7, 2021 1:59 PM

mudchicken
Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars

Trains had an article (1950s?) on car tilters. As I recall they didn't just rotate the car around its longitudinal axis -- the front end of the car tilted up/down as the car was rotating left/right, the way you would do if you were emptying the car by hand.

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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Thursday, October 7, 2021 1:50 PM

mudchicken

Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars [that largely no longer exist]

 
The provincial grain elevators in Thunder Bay Ontario still had those devices in use at least as late as 1976.
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Posted by Murphy Siding on Thursday, October 7, 2021 1:50 PM

mudchicken

Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars [that largely no longer exist]

 

Would that require uncoupling that car from every other car in order to tilt and unload?

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Posted by BaltACD on Thursday, October 7, 2021 12:48 PM

mudchicken
Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars [that largely no longer exist]

Remember from when I hired out, canvassing all the Agencies on the Division to find out how many Grain Door's they had on hand each day.

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Posted by mudchicken on Thursday, October 7, 2021 12:16 PM

Older grain elevators still have a device that could tilt over to 45 degrees (but not rotate) old grain loading boxcars [that largely no longer exist]

Mudchicken Nothing is worth taking the risk of losing a life over. Come home tonight in the same condition that you left home this morning in. Safety begins with ME.... cinscocom-west
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Posted by samfp1943 on Thursday, October 7, 2021 10:51 AM

Ladder1

Some years ago when Powder River was running lots of trains.  The coal dust was mucking up the ballest and caused some derailments.  There were several attmepts to stop the dust from blowing out of the cars and some interesting ideas.  The cover on the coal porters was one.  Tarps were tried, water mist during loading was tried, not the best answer.   Saw unit trains coming through Rochelle at the time with different covers on the coal cars.  Was interesting. 

 

 

   Your facts are pretty much on target!   I recall that at one point TRAINS had an article on  the 'major problem' with the lines out of the Powder River area.    

   At about that time,{Shortly, after the UPRR had aquired the CNW(?)IIRC

     ]  And BN(?) [nee: BNSF] was the 'owner in- charge' of the ROW Maintenance for the PRBasin's (?) major outbound trackage.

They were hit with a major maintenance project:  The lines were suffering failure of the Roadbeds due to the ballast having been 'plugged' by the 'coal dust' coming off the cargos of coal, on the outbound trains. The " Costs of roadbed maintenance" were really excessive(?).  That was when all the conversations about controling  the dust off the trains really seemed to be a hot topic!  

  That was really, about the point that all the schemes for controling that dust took off. Most seemed to have been mentioned in this Thread by other posters.

 

 


 

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Thursday, October 7, 2021 10:16 AM

Overmod
 
tree68
Supposedly, they sprayed to top of the loaded hoppers with blue paint (or something blue, anyhow) in order to keep the dust down.

 

If I remember correctly, Glen Alden's 'blue coal' was sprayed at the breaker (the only-recently-demolished Huber Breaker in Ashley)  and subsequent transportation was as-coated.  I read somewhere that the stuff looked like chunks of pool-cue chalk when received for distribution.

 

Strangely enough, one of the 'clean coal' approaches was to coat properly sized and washed coal with a mixture containing dolomite in a binder; this would flux some of the sulfur in combustion... reminiscent of whitewashing the coal for the 'New England Limited'.

It is nearly forgotten how much competition there was in the anthracite market when that fuel was commonly used for home and business heating.  Thrifty Reading had the 'red dot' ('Red for Reading'!) which only had to speckle the coal to get the effect.  If you sprinkled sulfurous leach water over anthracite you'd get a lovely blue-green patina and the result (like peacock coal) could be peddled for a premium...

Has anyone modeled the little hardboard disks that some companies tossed in with the coal?  Glen Burn had red baseballs on theirs -- 'balls of fire', get it?

 

The lumber yard I work for was big into coal back in the good old days. My old boss, a 1912 model, was proud of the fact that they had carried 40 varieties of coal. I don't remember the details about all the varieties, but he did say that the cheapest coal they sold was pretty much a pile of coal dust that was hard to light.

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Posted by Murphy Siding on Thursday, October 7, 2021 10:13 AM

CShaveRR

I doubt that they exist, Norris.  I've heard of Bethgons used in DDG (dry distillers' grain) service that have retractable roof covers that can be rotary-dumped at their destination, but those weren't normal covered hopper cars.  You'd require a large roof hatch to make it doable, and the dumper itself would have to be a different length (by five or six feet) to make it possible.  There would also be the problem of keeping out the crud that accumulates on the car roof (I recall seeing some pretty flourishing gardens on top of some cars).

I wish you had a number for one of these cars, so I could check it out.  Google makes the cars you saw look like ordinary coal gons.  Don't know what would be around there for those, though.

 

I was going too fast and a little too far away to get numbers. Speed limit on I-90 is 80 mph, meaning the traffic flow this time of year is in the 85-90 mph range!

    The cars looked to be regular covered grain hoppers with 4(?) doors on the bottom. They just happened to all be painted red on one end. The grain shipping out of that facility is probably mostly wheat and oats, with a little beans and corn.

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Posted by Overmod on Thursday, October 7, 2021 3:55 AM

tree68
Supposedly, they sprayed to top of the loaded hoppers with blue paint (or something blue, anyhow) in order to keep the dust down.

If I remember correctly, Glen Alden's 'blue coal' was sprayed at the breaker (the only-recently-demolished Huber Breaker in Ashley)  and subsequent transportation was as-coated.  I read somewhere that the stuff looked like chunks of pool-cue chalk when received for distribution.

Strangely enough, one of the 'clean coal' approaches was to coat properly sized and washed coal with a mixture containing dolomite in a binder; this would flux some of the sulfur in combustion... reminiscent of whitewashing the coal for the 'New England Limited'.

It is nearly forgotten how much competition there was in the anthracite market when that fuel was commonly used for home and business heating.  Thrifty Reading had the 'red dot' ('Red for Reading'!) which only had to speckle the coal to get the effect.  If you sprinkled sulfurous leach water over anthracite you'd get a lovely blue-green patina and the result (like peacock coal) could be peddled for a premium...

Has anyone modeled the little hardboard disks that some companies tossed in with the coal?  Glen Burn had red baseballs on theirs -- 'balls of fire', get it?

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Posted by SD70Dude on Thursday, October 7, 2021 12:19 AM

Most of the mines in western Canada spray latex or something similar on top of the coal after it is loaded.  CP re-sprays their trains enroute at Carlin, BC, along the grade up Notch Hill.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GA4D9uuvy9E

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Posted by tree68 on Thursday, October 7, 2021 12:01 AM

Ladder1
The coal dust was mucking up the ballest and caused some derailments.

If I remember the story correctly, there was a dealer in coal who advertised "blue coal."  Supposedly, they sprayed to top of the loaded hoppers with blue paint (or something blue, anyhow) in order to keep the dust down.

I was standing on the passenger bridge in Utica, NY one day when a rare coal train came through.  It was surrounded by a cloud of black dust.

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