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Potential Lithium Ion battery hazard

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  • Member since
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Potential Lithium Ion battery hazard
Posted by tomikawaTT on Wednesday, February 24, 2016 10:49 PM

I had been considering a constant lighting circuit for non-powered rolling stock, based on a lithium ion battery.  Since I run DC, I can't run car interior and marker lights directly from the rails.

Then I saw tonight's NBC coverage of some unfortunate who had the lithium ion battery for his E-cigarette explode in his pants pocket.  Something tells me that having one of my passenger cars or brake vans imitating Vesuvius would ruin my whole day!

Mister Unlucky got away with second degree burns.  My layout (and attached house) might not be that lucky, especially since the initial ignition resembled a skyrocket.  Effective immediately, all tinkering with lithium ion batteries around the Chrysanthemum Empire has been permanently discontinued.

Chuck (Modeling Central Japan in September, 1964 - as safely as possible)

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Posted by bigpianoguy on Wednesday, February 24, 2016 10:58 PM

Are these like the small 'watch' batteries used by Rapido in their passenger cars? My whole fleet uses those - but with no problems in 7 years..

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Posted by RR_Mel on Wednesday, February 24, 2016 11:54 PM

I use lithium batteries for lighting in my passenger cars and the batteries are safe if you buy the “Protected” cells.  The Protected cells have an internal fuse to prevent them from exploding from high current overload.
 
I buy my batteries off eBay and they also have chargers available for each size battery.  I bought charger boards of eBay that operate from 5 volts and have a mini USB connector on the board.  I built a 5 volt regulator to operate the charger board from track power.
 
I have been using this mode for lighting for almost a year without any problems.  
 
Remember almost every portable device made now uses rechargable Lithium batteries.
 
 
Mel
 
Modeling the early to mid 1950s SP in HO scale since 1951
 
My Model Railroad   
 
Bakersfield, California
 
I'm beginning to realize that aging is not for wimps.
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Posted by BroadwayLion on Thursday, February 25, 2016 6:57 AM

RR_Mel
I have been using this mode for lighting for almost a year without any problems. Remember almost every portable device made now uses rechargable Lithium batteries.

 

Ewe must send circuit to LION! : )

 

LION has a rechargable device for tablets and cell phones etc, some are indeed small enough to put inside of a SUBWYA CAR.

LION has been contemplating this device. Maybe him can put the input side to the tracks via a full wave rectifier, and the output side to his lighting bus. Is it OK to allow a device to zero out its charge when laied up for the night or the week, and then expect it to begin working again when the railroad is powered up?

Or does the LION have to try this out for the self of him.

 

ROAR

The Route of the Broadway Lion The Largest Subway Layout in North Dakota.

Here there be cats.                                LIONS with CAMERAS

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Posted by rrinker on Thursday, February 25, 2016 7:12 AM

 Lithium Ion batteries are only dangerous if pierced (plety of YouTube videos of bozos smashing cell phone batteries with a hammer if you'd like to see what happens - or if you had chemistry in high school perhaps you did the experiment of dropping a teensy tiny bit of lithium or sodium in a beaker of water) or cahrged incorrectly. Your typical lithium cell will have a temperature sensor and a charge regulator that is designed to prevent overcharging. The charging circuit must be designed for lithium ion batteries, a nicad or nimh charger cannot be used. The thing is, like most things, you can get away with some abuse for some period of time before something fails, sometimes catastrophically. I'll almost guarantee that the cheapest of the e-cigs have only the most rudimentary of charge circuits or protection, made in CHina to the absolute lowest price point possible. RC modelers have been using Li-ion batteries for years now, both to power the radios and to turn the props in electric motor planes, helicopters, and quadcopters. Li-ion batteries have been used for years now in cell phones and laptops. Yes, there was a recall of laptop batteries because a manufacturing defect (hmm, maybe the didn't connect the charge regulator circuit..) caused some to catch fire, but a properly built Li-ion battery pack is perfectly safe if not abused physically or by subjecting it to improper charging. For example, there have been circuits published for constant lighting that use ni-cad batteries and charge them right from track power - when you are moving fast enough, the battery charges, when you stop at a station, the battery now drives the lights. You can NOT just drop a Li-ion battery in to replace the ni-cad.

 So don't worry too much about it, and keep railroading.

             --Randy


Modeling the Reading Railroad in the 1950's

 

Visit my web site at www.readingeastpenn.com for construction updates, DCC Info, and more.

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Posted by tstage on Thursday, February 25, 2016 7:27 AM

Chuck,

Couldn't you use some sort of keep-alive circuit board for powering your interior lighting?  Each car would have it's own board and you wouldn't have to deal with batteries; nor remember to turn them off at the end of the day.

MTH used that with their HO 20th Century Limited passanger cars.  It takes ~1 min. for the lights to come up to full-power and ~5 min. for them to completely die out, after you turn off the power to the track.  Much more preferable, IMO, than batteries.

Tom

https://tstage9.wixsite.com/nyc-modeling

Time...It marches on...without ever turning around to see if anyone is even keeping in step.

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Posted by BroadwayLion on Thursday, February 25, 2016 9:16 AM

tstage
Couldn't you use some sort of keep-alive circuit board for powering your interior lighting? Each car would have it's own board and you wouldn't have to deal with batteries; nor remember to turn them off at the end of the day. Tom

LION had be looking for this golden grail, but him has found it knot. Him wants lights to stay on at the station stops. Him tried super caps but him not got the circuit of him just sew 'cause it wroked not.

 

ROAR

The Route of the Broadway Lion The Largest Subway Layout in North Dakota.

Here there be cats.                                LIONS with CAMERAS

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Posted by dstarr on Thursday, February 25, 2016 9:33 AM

Not a bad idea.  Lithium batteries are banned from shipment on airliners because of a nasty in flight fire.  Boeing had some very scary lithium battery fires on board their brand new 787's.  I saw a video of a laptop catching fire on a conference room table and burning a hole right thru the table top onto the floor. 

   For lighting rolling stock, I like supercapacitors.  All Electronics carries them, a few bucks apiece, 0.47 Farads at 5 volts.  They do need some support electronics, but I managed to get the full wave bridge rectifier, the 5 volt regulator to charge the cap, and a 1.5 volt regulator to feed the 1.5 Volt bulbs all inside an HO caboose.  The capacitor held enough juice to keep the lights burning for 20 seconds after track power was removed.  

 

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Posted by BroadwayLion on Thursday, February 25, 2016 9:40 AM

Trains of LION run on real time. Station stops are closer to 45 seconds. Him used LEDs, him had rectifier, regulator, and tried an even bigger cap in the 1.4F range. No joy. Tried putting four together to raise the voltage closer to the power I wanted, but still no wrok.

GRRRRrrrr.....

The Route of the Broadway Lion The Largest Subway Layout in North Dakota.

Here there be cats.                                LIONS with CAMERAS

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Posted by dstarr on Thursday, February 25, 2016 9:54 AM

Hmm.  LED's take 10 mA, whereas incandescent bulbs take 30 mA.  I'd expect an LED version to stay on for like three times as long as incandescent bulbs (60 seconds) after track power goes away.  How many LED's were you powering off the supercap?

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Posted by RR_Mel on Thursday, February 25, 2016 9:59 AM

BroadwayLion

 

Ewe must send circuit to LION! : )

 

LION has a rechargable device for tablets and cell phones etc, some are indeed small enough to put inside of a SUBWYA CAR.

LION has been contemplating this device. Maybe him can put the input side to the tracks via a full wave rectifier, and the output side to his lighting bus. Is it OK to allow a device to zero out its charge when laied up for the night or the week, and then expect it to begin working again when the railroad is powered up?

Or does the LION have to try this out for the self of him.

 

ROAR

 

 

 
Mr. Lion
 
Here is my 5 volt regulator circuit that powers the Lithium battery charger board from rail power.
 
  
 
This is the correct Lithium battery charger card for the battery I’m using, beware it’s max charge current is 1 amp at 4 volts when charging a low battery.  It may be small but it packs a wallop.
 
 
 
 
This is an E7B dummy with the charger board installed.  The Lithium Battery I chose to use is a 4 volt 5000mah 18650 battery and the charger board is the proper charger for the 18650.
 
 

 

The 18650 battery is way overkill for LED lighting even for a multiple car subway train.  When I started using the Lithium cells I was using higher current loading and having everything in stock including the batteries I went with the way overpowered components.   
 
I positioned the charger board so that the LEDs on the board are visible through an E7 window so that I can see the status of the charger.
 
I used a latching reed switch attached to the underside of the roof (plastic shell E7B) of the E7B to have the ability to turn on and off the LED lights using a magnet above the locomotive when I'm not operating in DCC mode.
 
I can control the LED power to my passenger cars with a mini relay driven from a powered E7B DCC decoder using function 4.  I use the latching reed switch to bypass the relay when I'm towing my passenger cars with standard DC locomotives.
 
 
Mel
 
Modeling the early to mid 1950s SP in HO scale since 1951
 
My Model Railroad   
 
Bakersfield, California
 
I'm beginning to realize that aging is not for wimps.

 

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Posted by nealknows on Thursday, February 25, 2016 12:57 PM

Not all lithium ion batteries are banned. Laptops are still allowed as carry-on. The lithium ion batteries were brought to the limelight with the advent and subsequent issues with the hoverboard. As someone who sells these, I can tell you that UL has now given makers of hoverboards the standards in which to get UL approval. Even with the UL apporval, I don't think airlines will allow hoverboards on planes. The small lithium ion batteries used by hobby drone planes, are protected batteries as another person stated. 

If we keep thinking along those lines, no one would want to run trains, as they may get an electrical shock from the track, power supply or who knows what. Let's try to keep some things in perspective..

And now, back to running trains! Wink

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Posted by BRAKIE on Thursday, February 25, 2016 2:08 PM

Seems living is hazardous to one's health.

If I had a sawbuck for every time I burnt or cut myself with a modeling knife  I would be rich.

 

Larry

Conductor.

Summerset Ry.


"Stay Alert, Don't get hurt  Safety First!"

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Posted by rrebell on Thursday, February 25, 2016 3:40 PM

All chargable batterys have rules and if you break them, you get fire or worse. Nowadays there are many knockoff products without the safety devises included. There are lots of rules for lithos and they can explode even if not followed. You need to use the right charger, and have extra circits to make them safe.

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Posted by jrbernier on Thursday, February 25, 2016 6:07 PM

David,

  Lithium batteries are not banned from air shipment.  They cannot be charged to no more that 66%(which is how they come sealed in bubble packs).  The Boeing 'Dreamliner' that had a battery case catch fire was due to improper installation(IIRC).

  Back when I was still working, we would have customers call in complaining that after they installed new redundent cache batteries, the system would disable the redundent cache until the batteries were up to full charge.  We would just read them the 'rules' and forward them a copy of them...

Jim

Modeling BNSF  and Milwaukee Road in SW Wisconsin

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Posted by fieryturbo on Friday, February 26, 2016 1:34 PM

Oh man, there's literally no regulation on who sells e-cigarette apparatus, it's everywhere, and dude had it in a pants pocket.  What exactly does he want?Combine that with  constantly being bounced around, and you have one very poor example of a technology defect.  This should not be used as a comparison to your railcar use of LiIon batteries.

Regarding power from the rails on DC, aren't there keepalive caps for car lighting yet?

 

Julian

Modeling Pre-WP merger UP (1974-81)

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Posted by tomikawaTT on Friday, February 26, 2016 3:10 PM

Thanks to everyone for the reassurance.  Maybe I was a bit hasty in my initial judgement.  Seems all I really have to do is keep my lithium-ion equipped rolling stock from taking a cliff dive to the concrete floor.

Of course, I have other reasons for keeping rolling stock from cliff diving...

Chuck (Modeling Central Japan in September, 1964) 

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Posted by joe323 on Friday, February 26, 2016 3:15 PM

I have noticed that my cell  gets warm when being charged with with the turbocharger makes me wonder if heat could be a problem in a confined location.

Joe Staten Island West 

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