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How do you paint and weather your trucks and wheels?

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How do you paint and weather your trucks and wheels?
Posted by hon30critter on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 3:18 AM

Hi guys:

I seem to be full of questions tonight.

How do you paint and weather your truck side frames and wheels?

I recall seeing Cody Grivno using a micro brush to paint wheels as opposed to putting them in a masking jig and spraying them. How do you do it?

Also, what techniques and paints do you use for painting side frames? If I used my airbrush I'd be concerned about gumming up the moving parts especially with sprung trucks.  

How well does paint stick to Delrin (acetal plastic) trucks?

How do you keep paint out of the axle holes if you are air brushing the side frames?

The reason I am asking is that I just finished painting a small fleet of stock cars, but the trucks and wheels still need to be painted.

Thanks

Dave

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Posted by fourt on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 4:08 AM

 I use a fine paint brush on them, starting of with a grimy black color, then a wash of a couple differnt rust colors. Only used a airbrush a couple of times to spray light coat of dust on some. You could put a piece of tape over the axles holes to keep out paint or use a spare pair of wheels to keep out the paint also.

I use acrylic paint and have no problems with it sticking.

 

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Posted by BRAKIE on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 4:54 AM

Dave,First I try to find a easier way of painting wheels and trucks.

So,I use a Minuteman Scale Models wheel jig and a rail brown paint pen. For trucks I use a light rust paint and a small flat paint brush. I use a old Testors brush handle for holding the trucks. I lightly push the trucks down on the handle until it is snug.

Larry

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CBT
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Posted by CBT on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 6:40 AM

For weathering, I use a paint pen from my local craft store. I just use a brown and it looks good enough for me! It isnt the most professional way to do it, but it works out in the end!

Hope this helps,

                   Chris

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Posted by riogrande5761 on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 8:20 AM

To avoid unrealistic brush marks, I've shot mine with grimy black paint using an airbrush.  There are some jigs you can buy to make spraying wheels faces easier.

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Posted by slammin on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 8:51 AM

I cut down a piece of 1 x 2 pine. The trucks fit down over the pine, a small finish nail locates them thru the bolster screw hole and keep them in place while I turn the wood and spray the trucks. I can paint 2 pairs at a time.

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Posted by Catt on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 9:27 AM

First thing I do for the truck side frames is hit them with a coat of Dupli Color adhesion promotor (the stuff used on real car plastic bumpers).This kills the shine and leave a finish that acrylic paint and weathering powders can stick to.

I usually just use a micro brush and rust coloured paint to do the wheels.

Johnathan(Catt) Edwards 100 % Michigan Made
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Posted by doctorwayne on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 10:02 AM

For painting wheels, I use a brush - just small enough to fit so that the visible portion of the wheel's face and rim can be covered without getting too much paint on the sideframe as the wheel on the opposite side is turned.  I usually use the same brush to do the back of the wheel and the axle, too, although a wider one would be faster.  You can do this while the trucks are still on the car, but in most instances, I do it before installing the trucks.
In most cases, I don't paint the sideframes, although for those roads that did, a brush works well enough.  Most paint doesn't stick well to Delrin sideframes, but trucks don't get handled too much, so it shouldn't be a problem.
I have, on occasion, used a sandblaster to put a little "tooth" on the sideframes, using baking soda as a medium.  For this, I remove the wheelsets.  I generally stick with the wheels which came with the trucks, and do prefer plastic ones, mostly because the overly-wide wheel treads are less noticeable in black (they're also quieter).

For paint colour on wheels, use a rust-like colour for cars with roller bearings - front and rear faces and the axles.  The same shades are suitable for cars with solid bearings, but only on the backs of the wheels and the axles.  For wheel faces, black, brownish-black, greenish-black, etc., etc. are all suitable - the wheel faces get covered in oil from the journal boxes, then any dirt and dust kicked-up as the car moves generally sticks to that.

When I weather the car, I may use any combination of brushwork, pastels, or airbrushing, but the final step is almost always, for any method, airbrushing.  For this, the paint is thinned using about 90% thinner.  The car itself is weathered as desired, then I put the car on a piece of track in the spray booth, moving it back and forth with my free hand while spraying the wheels, trucks, and underbody.  Keeping it moving prevents having only portions of the wheel faces receiving the paint.  
This weathering will adhere to the Delrin well enough under normal handling.

This Athearn car has airbrush-painted trucks, then some lightly airbrushed weathering - I should have darkened the springs a bit, using a brush:

The trucks on this one aren't painted except for some airbrushed weathering.  I did use a brush to pick out the springs with a rusty colour, even though it's not usually prototypical:

Same treatment on this modified Athearn car:

As you can see, the trucks aren't really all that noticeable once they get a bit of weathering - kill the shine and they simply don't stand out that much.

Wayne

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Posted by kasskaboose on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 10:36 AM

Sometimes, I remove the wheels from the cars and other times I keep them there.  I use a combination of artist paints burnt unber and sienna for the wheels.  I also put Dullcoate on them to bind chalk powders such as brown or orange.  Those colors make great rust.

The amount and colors of weathering varies to avoid uniformity.

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Posted by dknelson on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 11:00 AM

I remove the wheels from the trucks, otherwise it is just a big bother to get the entire wheel.  For best results, I think it is worth the time to take the wheels out of the truck.

For wheels, in common with Larry I use a Minuteman painting jig (one for 33" wheels, one for 36" wheels) where the thick acrylic of the jig protects the wheel treads from being painted.  I put a tiny amount of an Ambroid masking product on the tips of the axle bearings - I can flick that off with a fingernail when the paint is dried. 

WARNING: I tried removing some of the gunked up paint on my Minuteman jigs because I could no longer read the imprinted 33" or 36" size.  Bad idea - acrylic reacts very badly even to rubbing alcohol and it became brittle.

I made my own similar jig out of styrene for some wheels which appear to be smaller than 33" that I found on some Roco flatcars.  By coincidence a regular paper punch was the perfect size.  Some intermodal flatcars also have smaller than 33" wheels.

For truck sideframes, I have a board of wood with holes at intervals which hold a series of 8 or so large skewers or dowels pointing up (dowels sharpened in a pencil sharpener) and I simply rest the truck's bolster hole on the tip of the dowel or skewer.  A bit of masking tape covers the bearing openings.  (By the way that same jig can be used to paint freight car frames and even bodies, since the dowels are removable and can be slightly bent this way or that to accomodate various spacings for mounting holes.)

For paint I use a variety of rattle can flat reds or browns or even dark olive greens, Krylon or similar Camoflage colors.  Sometimes I paint two colors at the same time.   I have never had problems with rattle can paint sticking to wheels or sideframes, even those made of slippery engineering plastic.  Of course I don't go picking at them with a fingernail, nor do they have to flex like hand rails.  I do my painting outside although I do have a vented spray booth.

For certain cars (certain loads for example such as Kaolin or sand) I add some weathering powders to bring out the details a bit more, sealed with DullCote.

I did see an article either in MR or the NMRA magazine where the guy took box type cardboard and cut slits into it and the truck sideframes are pushed into the slots.  That way the back of the sideframe would not be painted.  Clever idea.  The same corrugated cardboard he used to paint Kadee couplers - the shafts would be pushed into the corrugations to avoid being gunked with paint.

Editorially, I would just say that painting the wheels and sideframes is one of the easiest things you can do to improve the realism of freight cars.  I am putting together a weathering clinic using some cheap train set quality cars as guinea pigs and it is impressive how much detail was molded into even old Bachmann or AHM cars--detail that you just don't see if they are left black.  Indeed I would say the biggest benefit is to the N scale cars I am testing things out on, because in N if the sideframes and wheels are left dark black it is almost as if the cars are floating in space rather than rolling on wheels.  And again there is impressive detail even on trainset quality N freight car trucks. 

Dave Nelson

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Posted by BRAKIE on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 11:48 AM

riogrande5761
To avoid unrealistic brush marks, I've shot mine with grimy black paint using an airbrush.

Jim,I been brush painting for years and the main thing  to do in order to avoid brush marks is to have a quality brush and paint. Just dip the tip of the brush into the paint and not to overload it. Any excess paint can be removed by brushing a thick paper towel.

A lot of today's quality paint can be easily brush on.Doesn't hurt to have several sizes of micro brushes on hand for detailing-edges of steps,step handrails etc. If one has a study hand he can use a micro brush and paint the brake cyclinder rods.

However,I find a paint pen for painting wheels is hard to beat.

Larry

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Posted by hornblower on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 3:56 PM

I find that a black or brown Sharpie pen makes a solid base color and goes on very quickly.  A rust colored acrylic wash can then be applied to create a more weathered look and cut any remaining sheen without having to worry about covering every last bit of the wheel.  

Hornblower

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Posted by dstarr on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 5:39 PM

The key thing is to kill the plastic gloss of wheels and sideframes.  I brush paint the wheel faces.  Friction bearing truck journal boxes leaked oil onto the wheel faces, giving a dark gray tone.  I paint then with grimy black.  Roller bearing trucks don't leak oil, and the wheel faces go a light brown color, partly rust and partly mud kicked up and dried on the wheel face.  I paint them various shades of brown. 

   All sideframes get spray painted with a rattle can.  Dark gray auto primer for locomotives and passenger cars, red auto primer for freight car trucks.  I wash the trucks with hot soapy water, scrubbing with a toothbrush.  I mask the axle holes with tape.  The rattle can lacquers stick well to the sideframe plastic.

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Posted by Renegade1c on Tuesday, June 7, 2016 6:24 PM

CBT

For weathering, I use a paint pen from my local craft store. I just use a brown and it looks good enough for me! It isnt the most professional way to do it, but it works out in the end!

Hope this helps,

                   Chris

 

I too use a paint pen. My current ones are Floquil but obviously I won't be getting any more of those. The second I set I got was from testors railroad colors. It comes with Rail Brown, Rust and black. I hardly ever use the black. I start with the Rust color and then once its dry I go over it with the Rail brown color. The color combo is good enough for me. I use all Intermountain wheelsets for cars that go on the layout and paint them in batches so. The painted wheel faces indicates that the car is equipped with resistor wheelsets. 

As for the plastic trucks. I have used a mixture of Acrylics and Floquil. I like Floquil for weathering because it has a good tooth into the plastic because it is an organic (as in chemical) based paint and actually etches into the plastic.  

I usually will have a certain layer of color on the trucks (either airbrushed or painted on) which is similar to the car's color. I then use an airbrush (when I am weathering the whole car) to weather the car and trucks at the same time. I use a set of dummy wheelsets to protect the needle-point housing from getting painted. 

Here you can see one of the cars I weathered with the combo colored metal wheels I mentioned previously. 

The trick I use to weather the trucks is to actually set the car on a scrap piece of track and actually aim for the ties. This cause the paint to richchet and only leaves a controlled amount.


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Posted by cats think well of me on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 12:08 AM

Great topic and many, many great responses. 

For wheels, I've been using the Laserkit jig, and I like the results. I had a ton of wheels painted one night in a short amount of time. Most of the time, I just use paint brushes. Grimy black for trucks, or sometimes the body color if I'm going for a newer car, plus I love the look of the latter. I'm going to start dry-brushing earth tones and grimy black to bring out the detail and age the trucks. For wheels, I paint the surfaces, back and front, plus the axle, a rust color. I'm going to start using rust as a base-coat, and add some grimy black to the wheel faces. Virtually none of my rolling stock have roller bearing trucks. 

Alvie

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Posted by "JaBear" on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 2:57 AM

Badly, wif a brush and acrylics!!
 
 
Looks OK at three feet in a very dark room wif one eye closed.Wink
 
Cheers, the Bear.Smile

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Posted by BRAKIE on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 6:24 AM

Bear,Looks like a large brush was overloaded and paint was applied a tad to thick. I have some trucks that needs painting and if I find time today after my two doctor's appointments I'll paint one and take a photo.

Gordon Ramsey would have a fit if that was food. Laugh

 

Larry

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Posted by hon30critter on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 8:21 AM

Thanks everyone for all the suggestions! Sorry I didn't respond sooner but my back is not happy these days.

I'm going to go back and re-read your ideas to see which ones I want to try out. I like the idea of not having to remove the trucks from the cars or the wheels from the trucks. I'll have to practice my coordination though!

Regards

Dave

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Posted by fourt on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 9:45 PM

 In the process of weathering some trucks right now. Bad thing i could not remember what i use for a base coat. Think i use raw umber. I have never tryed the paint pens, somewhere along the line i picked up a gloss black and flat black they are still in the plastic. Do they have a life span? or should they still be good? They are at lest 10 years old.

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Posted by hon30critter on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 10:04 PM

I'd suspect the paint pens are toast given the nature of their design. However, some brands allow you to remove and clean the felt tips, so if the paint is still liquid you may be able to ressurect them. Messy job though.

Dave

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Posted by BRAKIE on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 10:52 PM

hon30critter

I'd suspect the paint pens are toast given the nature of their design. However, some brands allow you to remove and clean the felt tips, so if the paint is still liquid you may be able to ressurect them. Messy job though.

Dave

 

I been using paint pens for around four years with no issues. Like a fine brush you clean the tip when you finish the job..

Larry

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Posted by hon30critter on Wednesday, June 8, 2016 10:55 PM

Larry:

How do you clean your paint pen tips?

Thanks

Dave

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Posted by "JaBear" on Thursday, June 9, 2016 3:48 AM

BRAKIE
Looks like a large brush.................Gordon Ramsey would have a fit if that was food

Larry, it wuz a monstrosity of a brush, besides while she isn’t a chef like Gordon Ramsey, I much prefer Nigella Lawson.Stick out tongueBow
Dave, sorry for going off track.
Cheers, the Bear.Smile

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Posted by hon30critter on Thursday, June 9, 2016 4:33 AM

Bear, like you, I am not offended by people adding some spice to my threadsYes, but thank you very much for being considerate.

I'd take Nigella over Ramsey any day of the week!!!YesYesSmile, Wink & Grin I think I'd have a hard time just being in the same room as him. I dislike nasty people enormously no matter how skilled they are. I'd rather have a bad meal from a good person than a good meal from him.

There! Rant over!!

All the best,

Dave

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Posted by BRAKIE on Thursday, June 9, 2016 4:45 AM

hon30critter

Larry:

How do you clean your paint pen tips?

Thanks

Dave

 

I pour a tad of thinner into a lid and dip the tip of the pen into the thinner and wipe clean with a shop towel.

And guys,I prefer Rachael Ray over Ramsey. She doesn't go into fits like Gordon.

Larry

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Posted by hon30critter on Thursday, June 9, 2016 5:09 AM

Thanks Larry.

Ya, Rachael Rae is good! Her recipes are much more 'North American' than Nigella's so they are easier to relate to. We buy her cooking magazines all the time.

Dave

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Posted by CNSF on Thursday, June 9, 2016 8:09 PM
Sorry to go off topic here but I don't watch cooking shows (though I did kind of enjoy the original Iron Chefs from Japan back in the day). I remove the trucks from the car and the wheels from the trucks and use a brush with acrylics. That seems to work fine with the Delrin; I have to touch up metal wheel faces from time to time but can't remember the last time I had to touch up a truck. Prototype practice as to sideframe color varied in my era ('60s); if I don't have prototype info my normal default is to match plain "boxcar red" or brown cars but to use dark grey (never pure black) on those bright Burlington reds or NYC jade greens. I don't bother painting the backs of the sideframes as they're virtually invisible in operation. For wheel faces, axles, and backs I use a dark grey or "grimy black" base with varied amounts of dirt and rust colored powder weathering, to keep things in sync with the car's overall weathering and to avoid having them all look exactly the same. I have an airbrush and could use it, but prefer not to, even when doing a batch of wheels. Setup and cleanup with an airbrush is quite time consuming, plus it puts paint in places where you don't want it, such as wheel faces, axle points, and axle pockets. Oh, and I can definitely endorse the idea posted earlier about using an old paint brush handle to hold the trucks while I'm painting them.
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Posted by hon30critter on Thursday, June 9, 2016 8:26 PM

CNSF

CNSF
Sorry to go off topic here but I don't watch cooking shows

Thanks for bringing us back on topic!Yes

I like your ideas, especially about not using the airbrush. I'll have to give your method and doctorwayne's (with an airbrush) a try to see which works better for me.

Thanks

Dave

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Posted by OT Dean on Friday, June 10, 2016 1:23 AM

Hey, guys, I seem to remember reading (in MR, of course), 'way back when, that real life rules forbid painting couplers and wheels because paint will cover up cracks, which often can be spotted before they get too severe.  That being said, I usually airbrush my old-time trucks with grimy black, cutting strips of masking tape to cover the treads (paint will usually migrate from wheel treads to the railheads, don't you know)--but of course, I model in O scale.  Also, I figure anything is better than black plastic--and as I said in my stream, acrylic paint does stick pretty well, even on Delrin and other "slippery" plastic.  Have Fun!

Deano

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Posted by fourt on Friday, June 10, 2016 1:42 AM

 I have read that also about not painting the wheels couplers, so they can see cracks. When i was in the miltary they did NDI inspections on the aircraft, which was just a protable x- ray machine. One time using a truck that serviced liquid nitrogen to the plane i had the hose connection was leaking around the bend in it. We could not see any cracks, so we took over to the place that did the inspection, they diped it in some dye and ran it through some machine you could see the crack all around the connection. It was neat to me, cant remember what they called that process.

Modeling on the cheap

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