Have used less than 3" track spacing on parallel tracks on a temporary HO Kato Unitrack with 19-1/4R and 21-5/8R.
All the available On30 Bachmann equipment had no problems including both articulateds and passenger cars clearing each other.
Harold
Clearance Diagrams
https://www.nmra.org/sites/default/files/standards/sandrp/pdf/rp-7.1_tangent_track_centers_and_clearance_diagrams_july_2017.pdf
Chart of mininum track centers:
https://www.nmra.org/sites/default/files/standards/sandrp/pdf/rp-7.2_curved_track_centers_july_2017.pdf
from chart
Tangent track: spacing 3"
131' prototype radius: 32.75" model radius spacing 4-3/8"
For O scale Prototype radius x .25 = model radius
Chart for clearance of obstacles
https://www.nmra.org/sites/default/files/standards/sandrp/pdf/rp-7.3_curved_track_obstacle_clearances_july_2017.pdf
All RP's on Track Centers and Clearance
I tried to sell my two cents worth, but no one would give me a plug nickel for it.
I don't have a leg to stand on.
The rulling factor is the width of your fingers.
ROAR
The Route of the Broadway Lion The Largest Subway Layout in North Dakota.
Here there be cats. LIONS with CAMERAS
3" cl to cl.
Gauge is exactly the same as HO scale..649" min, .672" max. After that it gets complicated with On30.
You can find lots of such info here:
https://www.nmra.org/index-nmra-standards-and-recommended-practices
Thhere is a difference in the NMRA gauges beyond this. Since On30 had a much wider loading gauge, you shouldn't use the HO gauge for anything much beyond direct measurement of the track in a pinch. That's the same, but once you get about railhead height, most of the rest is different, so the NMRA has a special On30 gauge to measure clearances, overall height, etc.
EDIT: I came in from work and only half read the question, so only haltway answered it. Track Center Spacing gets complicated and with On30 sometimes depends on your prototype, given the range of things modeled. Try this newly updated RP info:
https://www.nmra.org/sites/default/files/standards/sandrp/pdf/rp-7_track_centers_and_obstacle_clearances_july_2017.pdf
Mike Lehman
Urbana, IL
Staring in On30 and I am wondering what the track center spacing should be for proper clearances. Any other On30 tips anyone has would be greatly appreciated!!