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A practical, but not all-encompassing, definition that I've seen around the engineering world for my entire career is that an engine directly converts the energy in a fuel that it carries with it, while a motor does not (that conversion would occur elsewhere, if at all). Hence, an internal-combustion engine (Diesel) or external combustion engine (steam), can stand alone and do the job as long as it has a tank of fuel. But an electric motor cannot do that - it carries and burns no fuel - the involvement of a fuel in the process occurs somewhere else and the motor has to be connected to it with wires. Under this definition, a Diesel-electric locomotive (power unit, including a D-E DMU car) has an engine or engines and electric traction motors; a straight Diesel locomotive (Diesel-hydraulic or other direct drive, like an RDC) has an engine or engines but no traction motors; an electric locomotive (power unit, including EMUs, interurbans and trolley/LRT cars) has electric traction motors but no engine. Hence, when the two were differentiated, engines were operated by engineers or engine-drivers (the older Briti***erm supplanted by just "drivers") and motors were operated by motormen. Webster's, by the way, blurs any difference and uses the terms virtually synonymously, as do almost everybody else. So much for antiquities. We all know what we mean when we use the terms in everyday, non-technical language. Hope this is useful.
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