There's videos on youtube showing incandescent light bulbs built from the 1900s-1910s (before planned obsolescence (PO) in the 1924) that are still lit to this day. Proof that PO is a thing.
Even modern day LED bulbs have PO in mind. BigClive on youtube did an excellent video comparing it to Dubai lamps. 2W LED bulbs by Panasonic made for the US have 2 filaments runnings at 1 W each. 1W bulbs have 1 filament.
In Dubai, PO (atleast in light bulbs) is banned. Phillips has a contract with their government agreeing to make blubs that will last a lifetime, in exchange for being the exclusive manufacturer of bulbs sold in Dubai. And guess what? A 2W Phillips bulb in Dubai has EIGHT filaments, running at 1/4 W each. Similarly, a 1 W bulb has 4 filaments and 3W has 12. Running these filaments at a quarter of their power means a significantly longer life span, reduced heat, and doubled efficiency.
Guess what? These lamps can ONLY be found in Dubai. They are not sold in any other country.
Full video talking about these lamps and PO can be found here: https://youtu.be/klaJqofCsu4
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Anyways, back on topic. But PO is never going away. It's seen everywhere in this hobby, from old trainset locos designed to fail within a month from Bachmann*, to the plastic wheels and couplers, to the thin insulation on cables for handheld throttles or fragile JST plugs on steam loco tender to locos designed to break apart within a few years.
Charles
*they are getting better to be fair, with the removal of plastic axles and such.
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Modeling the PRR & NYC in HO
Youtube Channel: www.youtube.com/@trainman440
Instagram (where I share projects!): https://www.instagram.com/trainman440
In Dubai the electrical standard is 230VAC/50Htz.
These will probably not work in the USA, and that probably has a lot to do with their unobtainability.
Just guessing here.
Did some quick checking... there are Philips branded bulbs available in the USA that are $70.00 for a pack of two that look very similar to what you displayed as a Dubai Lamp. I don't think too many consumers will be on-board for that when they can get an 8 pack of Eco-Smart LED bulbs at Home Depot for less than $12.00, and burnt out bulbs are very easy to replace.
When I remodeled the training center in Atlanta, the classroom LED light fixtures were about $400.00 each, but they were guaranteed for a 50 year lifespan. There was an assistance program from the State Of Georgia to get these installed.
-Kevin
Living the dream.
Trainman440There's videos on youtube showing incandescent light bulbs built from the 1900s-1910s (before planned obsolescence (PO) in the 1924) that are still lit to this day.
I worked for almost 40 years making tungsten. At one time we had 1200+ varieties of tungsten wire for lamp making. Years of research went in to making no-sag wire, adding thorium, various doping methods, many types of annealing and treatment of the wire.
You can make a million-hour lamp:
GE_Lamp by Edmund, on Flickr
GE_Lamp_A-40 by Edmund, on Flickr
Many of the lamps we made for "rough service" including dozens of transit lamps (the NY subway had special, left-hand threaded base lamps just for them) had heavier filaments but did not have the efficiency a typical consumer was willing to sacrifice.
In the 1970s energy awareness era, lumens-per-watt was especially examined.
GE_DD12_10fix by Edmund, on Flickr
In all my years there I never once heard any talk of designing planned failure of a filament in order to drive up sales. Conversely, a great deal of R&D was spent in trying to extend the life of a lamp. Sylvania, Philips, Osram and Westinghouse were customers of many of our tungsten wire products.
Regards, Ed
At least, standardize the coupler mounting boxes!
When I started my career, advertised life cycle of our products was 250,000 to 300,000 miles. Our biggest fear was a Japanese company that made a similar product that cost 20% less and had an advertised life cycle of 200,000 miles. If we made our product more durable we would price it out of the market, and the less expensive option would be more economical for our customers in the long run.
Beginning in the late 1990s prices began to increase, and we increased them further to add durability. The market could absorb an additional increase in price to get a product that would last 500,000 miles. It made economic sense at that point.
Now our products have over a 60% survival rate to 1,000,000 miles, but costs have doubled again since the early 2000s.
Like Ed's example, 25% of our gross sales came from components being sold to our competitors so they could build better products, and in many cases, we bought components from the same competitors. It is almost always less expensive to buy something than to develop it yourself.
Towards the end of my career I worked closely with engineering and development. Planned obsolecense is a term I never heard.
Ed, I'll be clear here, I am one who knows very little about tungsten, or the manufacture and R&D process behind such lights. Nor am I an electrical engineer of any sorts. And obviously your 40 years of working with tungsten gives you far more experience in the field than me.
BUT, Id have to respectably disagree with you if you dont believe in planned obsolescence. Ignoring incandecents all together, why don't all modern LED bulb makers adopt the Dubai lamp style? Under-running LEDs have proven to be far better, both in terms of efficiency and lifespan. Its why we use a 1k ohm resistor in line with our 3V LEDs in our locos when a 470ohm resistor is enough. As we know, the harder you push an LED, the less efficient it gets and the shorter the life span. Dubai lamps run twice as efficiently* and drastically improves life span, by simply distributing power over more light filaments. In this case, the power is distributed 4x the filaments in the same bulbs sold commercially by Phillips in other countries including US and UK. Why arent these bulbs sold commercially literally anywhere outside of UAE?
Yes, they are more expensive to produce, and the price reflects that(as it should), but why else would Phillips not even have the option for other countries to have this clearly superior bulb? I cant think of a valid reason why Phillips, a company who ALREADY designed and currently produces such bulbs, to not sell them else where.
*of course, all this info is assuming my source (big clive, an electrical engineer on youtube) is correct. If you want to double check his information, feel free.
This something that is brought up by underinformed YouTubers all the time...
My former employer worked with a Chinese company to develop a pick-up truck a little smaller than my Colorado that could haul 3,000 pounds, tow 5,000 pounds, and got 60 miles per gallon. This truck actually exists, and you cannot buy it in the USA or Canada.
There is no conspriracy as all the YouTubers would have you believe.
The truck would need to weigh 1,000 pounds more to meet North American impact survivability standards, that comes straight out of payload. The engine only has 60 horsepower, and a top speed of 65 miles per hour. A USA version would need 85 horsepower minimum, and would still be underpowered compared to similar vehicles.
The North American market would never accept such a vehicle. I would buy one, they would sell a few more, but it would be tanked by all reviewers and get a terrible reputation.
It would cost an additional $5,000.00 per vehicle to make it marketable in the USA, and then it is just $2,000 dollars less than a much nicer, larger, faster, and more powerful Colorado.
Yugo?
It is 100% market driven realities, and not any other reason.
Just use genuine Kadee coupler boxes and you will never have a problem.
The solution is that easy.
Trainman440BUT, Id have to respectably disagree with you if you dont believe in planned obsolescence. Ignoring incandecents all together, why don't all modern LED bulb makers adopt the Dubai lamp style?
Oh, I agree that there is a degree of "PO" in many everyday consumer goods. It's the primary reasons the automakers were changing "styles" every model year.
Sometimes technology gets more involved than "inventing a better mouse trap"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planned_obsolescence
At GE there were many "joint ventures" where a potential customer would make a big investment, similar to what Dubai has done with Philips, and a "new" product would be developed but the right to share this proprietary technology would be very controlled. Many municipalities worked with GE for better street lighting. Much of it was tested on the streets near where I grew up. I distinctly remember a mile stretch of "new" high-pressure sodium lamps along US 322 here that were quite amazing to behold at the time.
I was an early adopter of LEDs around the house. I've had quite a few fail, especially some of the 1.0 models. Heat dissipation was a problem for many of these.
Most often, by far, it wasn't the LED package that failed but the electronics supporting it. I pried open the power supplies just out of curiosity.
I remember all the stories relating to auto manufacturers that were rumored to be "sitting" on a carburetor (this was in the '70s, too) that would give 200 MPG (or numbers similar) and the oil companies were paying the automakers to keep them off the market. It must have been true because there was an article about it in Mother Earth News.
My point, and much in line with what Kevin has mentioned is that there is always a tradeoff. Cost, performance, durability, operating expense, etc. A good product has a balance of these things and will prove to satisfy the customer and not be a detriment to society.
Someone told me a story of his time at GE. He was assigned to redesign a ballast they had been selling for years, because it lasted too long. That needed to corrected.
After a period of time he went to his boss and told him that the task was impossible. The original engineer had designed and optimised it in such a way that attempts to change it would fail.
Management's solution was to design failure into a new product, and cease selling the old one.
I don't think model trains can be standardized 100%. Other than wheel profile and coupler height, compromise has to be made when producing something at a reduced scale. The smaller you get (1:220), the more difficult it is to make something work and look good. A 2-56 screw may work on HO trucks, but try to use it on a 1:220 scale truck. When you scale down, the more compromise needs to be made. Compromise really is what governs the making of any model. Where is the diesel engine used in a full size locomotive in an HO locomotive?
My wifes mother used to say: "want never gets'.
Rio Grande. The Action Road - Focus 1977-1983
NHTX I've been in this hobby for 60 years, and have seen "standards" established for a lot of things. Can any body explain why every manufacturer uses a truck mounting screw no one else uses? How about car bolster bosses? Couplers, same situation. Different retainer screws, different draft gear boxes. Different axle lengths. It is bedlam as far as the running gear of our trains is concerned.
Patents. Prototypes can't get it all together either.
The Route of the Broadway Lion The Largest Subway Layout in North Dakota.
Here there be cats. LIONS with CAMERAS
MisterBeasleyRight now, Europe is pushing for standardization of cell phone charging cables. I have a phone and a tablet, both Android devices, but the plugs are different. The GF has an Apple, yet another variant. With markets in the hundreds of millions, why not standardize? Because Apple is screaming bloody murder about it.
But those are standardized: USB-Mini, USB-Micro, USB-C, and so on. Might as well just be #6, #8, and #10 screws.
NittanyLionBut those are standardized: USB-Mini, USB-Micro, USB-C, and so on. Might as well just be #6, #8, and #10 screws.
That is screwy... Each maker does his own thing, remembering that certian types became available ony later and some were lothe to switch. Apple designed its own and has the patent on it... End of story.
Gubberment involvement on such a trivial mastter just gives the gubberment more and more power over each of us. But then Europe is already socialist.
What does the government have to do with it. There are non-governmental standards organizations, eg, ISO, NMRA. Manufacturers could voluntarily do it on their own. The question is why they don't adopt standards as they update their products.
Since in a typical year I don't get back into model railroading until late October, I missed this thread during its initial run but now that it has been revived, I'll toss my two cents in.
Standardization is a nice idea but I think that ship has already sailed. It needed to be done early on. It would cost the manufacturers too much to retool now. I have my own standard for couplers (KD 148) and freight wheels (KD 33 inch black ribbed) but trucks are a different matter, especially how they attach to the underframes. Coupler pockets generally will accomodate a KD 5 or 148 but they all have their own sized screws so when one leaps to the floor and disappears, I'm left to scramble through my mini-drawers to find a suitable replacement. Same for the screws that hold the trucks in place. In a worst case scenario, I can saw the coupler pocket off and replace it with a standard KD pocket. I can usually find a suitable screw to hold it in place.
Given that we are only halfway converted to metric and can't seem to get the other half, I doubt that any other standardization will occur.
It would also be nice to have one type screw head/screwdriver instead of having to have slotted, phillips, square, hex, star, etc.
It would be a big help if manufacturers would just include a list of the sizes/types they used for things like screws, axles, gears, motors, etc.
Paul (who is 10 1/2 dog years old and 18 hands tall )
Perhaps the NMRA could recommend a standard attachment for coupler pockets and trucks and leave it to the manufacturers to decide if it makes good business sense to convert to the standard. With no recommended standard, there's nothing for the manufacturers to go by and they will all continue to do their own thing.
Wasn't the hornhook coupler once called the NMRA coupler?
IRONROOSTER Given that we are only halfway converted to metric and can't seem to get the other half, I doubt that any other standardization will occur. It would also be nice to have one type screw head/screwdriver instead of having to have slotted, phillips, square, hex, star, etc. It would be a big help if manufacturers would just include a list of the sizes/types they used for things like screws, axles, gears, motors, etc. Paul (who is 10 1/2 dog years old and 18 hands tall )
rrebell IRONROOSTER Given that we are only halfway converted to metric and can't seem to get the other half, I doubt that any other standardization will occur. It would also be nice to have one type screw head/screwdriver instead of having to have slotted, phillips, square, hex, star, etc. It would be a big help if manufacturers would just include a list of the sizes/types they used for things like screws, axles, gears, motors, etc. Paul (who is 10 1/2 dog years old and 18 hands tall ) The reason for metric failure is having to learn measuring all over again and new words.
The reason for metric failure is having to learn measuring all over again and new words.
Given the number of countries that managed to do it, I think we probably could as well. After all, Americans on average are at least as smart as people in most other countries.
Plus it is already used quite a bit in this country so conversion would not be that difficult. It would actually similify measurements by having only one system.
Paul
John-NYBWWasn't the hornhook coupler once called the NMRA coupler?
It was called that, but it never was the NMRA standard, or even a recommended practice. It became an industry standard primarily because it was cheap and easy to make and would fit in an NMRA coupler box.
Dave H. Painted side goes up. My website : wnbranch.com
I remember the move to convert to metric back in the 1970s and it fizzled. The only lasting effect that I'm aware of is that soda bottles now come in two liter bottles instead of two quarts.
I think one of the reasons for rejection is what it would do to American sports. Would we expand our football fields to 100 meters? Would a team have to gain 10 meters to get a first down. What about baseball. It's been 90 feet between bases for a century and a half. Are we going to convert that to metric?
There isn't going to be a conversion to the metric system because the public doesn't want it. Our standard measurements are just too ingrained.