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How do you discharge capacitors on your layout?

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  • Member since
    November 2007
  • From: Columbus, OH
  • 122 posts
How do you discharge capacitors on your layout?
Posted by NSColsMP6 on Sunday, September 13, 2015 1:49 AM

Per manufacturer instructions I've added a 3300µF capacitor to my NCE Snap-It so I can power a pair of crossover turnouts with a single device. This is in addition to the 1000µF capacitor on the device. I've been thinking of installing a momentary switch that I can wire up so that it discharges the capacitors before I handle the stationary decoder for maintenance. How do you discharge capacitors when necessary - or do you just man-up and take a 4300µF zap every time you want to work with it?

Tags: capacitor , NCE , Snap-It
- Mark (NS Columbus, MP 6)
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Posted by tbdanny on Sunday, September 13, 2015 3:44 AM

I would rig it up so that the momentary switch just switches the points, using the Snap-It's manual pushbutton connections.  If you toggle it after the power to the Snap-It has been turned off, then this should discharge the capacitors.

I'm actually going to be doing something similar on my own layout, for a CDU.

The Location: Forests of the Pacific Northwest, Oregon
The Year: 1948
The Scale: On30
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  • From: Bakersfield, CA 93308
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Posted by RR_Mel on Sunday, September 13, 2015 8:09 AM

tbdanny

I would rig it up so that the momentary switch just switches the points, using the Snap-It's manual pushbutton connections.  If you toggle it after the power to the Snap-It has been turned off, then this should discharge the capacitors.

I'm actually going to be doing something similar on my own layout, for a CDU.

 

Use a low value resistor (5 to 10 Ω) in series with the switch, both the cap and switch will last longer.
 
 
 
Mel
 
 
Modeling the early to mid 1950s SP in HO scale since 1951
 
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Posted by tbdanny on Sunday, September 13, 2015 8:19 AM

RR_Mel

Use a low value resistor (5 to 10 Ω) in series with the switch, both the cap and switch will last longer.

Mel,

Would I be correct in assuming this would also apply to relay switches?

Cheers,
Tbdanny

The Location: Forests of the Pacific Northwest, Oregon
The Year: 1948
The Scale: On30
The Blog: http://bvlcorr.tumblr.com

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Posted by RR_Mel on Sunday, September 13, 2015 9:17 AM

tbdanny

 

 
RR_Mel

Use a low value resistor (5 to 10 Ω) in series with the switch, both the cap and switch will last longer.

 

 

Mel,

Would I be correct in assuming this would also apply to relay switches?

Cheers,
Tbdanny

 

There can be fairly high current when shorting large capacitors, it’s only a microsecond but over time it will take it’s toll.  A low value resistor will absorb the surge current.
 
Yes.  Small relays don’t have as much spring tension in contact pressure as a switch and the arc from the high current might weld the relay contacts closed over time.
 
 
 
Mel
 
 
Modeling the early to mid 1950s SP in HO scale since 1951
 
My Model Railroad   
 
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Posted by Mark R. on Sunday, September 13, 2015 10:00 AM

Shut the power off and throw the switches one more time. This will discharge the capacitor, and with the power off, they won't get re-charged.

Mark.

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Posted by rrinker on Sunday, September 13, 2015 11:13 AM

 Hmm, wonder if the electronics stay powered on after track power is removed, so that the local pushbutton would still work - I kind of think not, so there's no way to just throw the switch after removing power to use up the juice.

 I must say, with the CD supply I build eons ago when I still used solenoid switch motors in N scale, I don't recall ever being zapped by it. Mine was the quick recharge type from Thorne's Electronic Projects for Model Railroaders, with a 2N3055 transistor for fast recharge of the cap once the button was released, and I built it as one big chunk of electronics, no neat perf board - everything was soldered around the transistor and heat sink, with the cap hanging off the whole thing by its wires. Hard to touch it without spanning the cap leads, but like I said, I don't remember it ever zapping me.

                     --Randy

 


Modeling the Reading Railroad in the 1950's

 

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Posted by Enzoamps on Thursday, September 17, 2015 9:25 PM

Get out your volt meter and find out.  if you are concerned the system stays live when track power is removed, measuer voltage across teh cap and see.

Likewise, when concerned with discharging caps, depower the system, and measure voltage stored in the cap.  A few measurements over time will tell you how fast the caps naturally discharge in the circuit.

 

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Posted by richg1998 on Thursday, September 17, 2015 10:11 PM

Our club has a DIY CDU and it holds a charge after the power is shut off. Don't remember how long. One time I hit a switch for a turnout after the power was shut down and it did hit the twin coil but only once and did not sound normal. No doubt the cap was very slowly bleeding off.

Not a big deal.

Rich

If you ever fall over in public, pick yourself up and say “sorry it’s been a while since I inhabited a body.” And just walk away.

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Posted by CSX Robert on Friday, September 18, 2015 8:02 AM

A high value resistor across the cap will discharge the cap when power is removed; however, not wihtout drawing a small amount of current when the power is on.  Using this method it's a tradeoff between the size of the cap, how fast you want it to discharge, and how much current it draws when powered.

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Posted by Anonymous on Sunday, September 20, 2015 6:18 PM

Use a shorting probe.

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