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Coal Mine Info

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  • Member since
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  • From: Allen, TX
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Posted by cefinkjr on Thursday, October 5, 2006 4:38 PM

 batterymule7 wrote:
You know Chuck you are right in your earlier post about modellers doing what I call the bear minimum to model mines on their layouts.  Sure you get a few who actually know what to do but I think that it is sad that there is so much that can be done with mining scenes on layouts and so few take advantage.  Sure the tipple and loadout are the important parts but look at all the detail one can go into by modelling the shaft collar and it's associated areas, or the portal running into the mountain, with steel or timber sets protuding and trolley wire, and pipe racks and car shops for mine cars and lokies and the like.  The way I see it is that everybody models tipples and loaders, the elite really take the time to make the mine a mine and not just some funky building growing out of a hillside.

You forgot the inquisitive, mischievous kids snooping around.  (Model railroaders in the making.)  Evil [}:)]

This could probably also be said for other industries.  That's why I liked the MR series on specific industries so well.  The more information you have about whatever it is that you're modeling, the better your model of it will be.

Chuck

Chuck
Allen, TX

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Posted by batterymule7 on Thursday, October 5, 2006 11:28 AM
You know Chuck you are right in your earlier post about modellers doing what I call the bear minimum to model mines on their layouts.  Sure you get a few who actually know what to do but I think that it is sad that there is so much that can be done with mining scenes on layouts and so few take advantage.  Sure the tipple and loadout are the important parts but look at all the detail one can go into by modelling the shaft collar and it's associated areas, or the portal running into the mountain, with steel or timber sets protuding and trolley wire, and pipe racks and car shops for mine cars and lokies and the like.  The way I see it is that everybody models tipples and loaders, the elite really take the time to make the mine a mine and not just some funky building growing out of a hillside.
Erik Batterymule7
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  • From: Allen, TX
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Posted by cefinkjr on Wednesday, October 4, 2006 9:39 PM

 chestnutridge wrote:
Chuck, having limited experience (2 yrs) in prep plants but seeing first hand I will guestimate at 3 to 1 ratios. This all depends on how the coal is mined at the face underground. For example: If the coal seam is 5' hight there would be about 20 percent garbage since a roof height of 6 to 7' would be attained. ... If the coal seam is lower like what is found in North Central PA (around 3') then your ratio of coal to slate would be closer in number. When I built my coal mine for my layout I installed a bin loader for slate that is rail served. I used the Walthers kit and have 3 tracks for coal loads as per the prep plant footprint and a 4th track that goes behind the plant with a bin loader for slate. .

From this, I'm understanding that a mine working a 5' seam would produce 3 carloads of clean coal and 1 of slate and assorted other junk.  I'm concerned about an operation like Clinchfield's cleaning plant at Moss, VA which, interestingly enough, had no mine; all of its raw coal input arrived by rail and its clean coal (and "tailings") output went out by rail.  I guess I'm also trying to take into account the difference in the sizes of raw versus clean coal.  I've seen some pretty big chunks of coal come out of a mine and I wouldn't think they would utilize the cubic capacity of a hopper as well as the much smaller and uniform pieces after that same coal had been "cleaned".

Based on your information though, I think we can definitely say "it depends".  Big Smile [:D]

Thanks,

Chuck

Chuck
Allen, TX

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Posted by chestnutridge on Wednesday, October 4, 2006 7:25 PM
BatteryMule7, I started in the mines after active duty army in 76. After 3 yrs underground I bid a rockdust motorman and drove a Westinghouse 37 ton motor (4 axle) and operated on trolly line DC power. I nicknamed my motor the USS Enterprise due to it's flat surface and length. The motor was extremley powerful and could pull 30 to 40 coal cars with no effort on the mainline. I once ripped out 4 blocks of track and didn't know it until the pusher motor called me on the radio and said he was getting a lot of dust. (Foreman Not Happy) I can't remember the cars capacity but 5 to 10 tons sticks in my head. The current mine I work at has battery motors and mantrips still in service that were purchased in the early 70's. Parts are extremely hard to find for them and we have rebuilt the bodies numerous times over the years. In the 1990's the State of PA approved the use of diesel equipment underground and our company was the 1st to purchase them. I worked on them from day one and they are more reliable than battery motors if maintained properly. Our supply motors are rated at 20 tons and the mantrips are rated at 5 ton. Both are powered by Caterpilar Diesels that are modified at the factory to reduce horsepower and diesel emmissions. A good website is Brookeville.com They manufacture underground motors and re-power engines for railroads with Cat engines. My company sent me there twice on a working tour and naturally I took a camera. They are state of the art and have a modern working turntable that is utilized on occasion by the Buffalo and Pittsburgh RR. If you are modeling from the 70's to the present you could use n gauge flats for mine cars and scratch build motors from the same by boxing them in and installing an open cab on 1 end. If you model mine flats you will need to install a back board on the flat that is closest to the mine mouth. This prevents supplies from falling off on slope mine haulages when moving underground from the surface. Nothing is aerodynamic underground so all haulage equipment can be boxed. In my time I've seen 2 axle and 4 axle motors underground so both would be correct. Feel free to ask follow ups.   
  • Member since
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  • From: sw pa
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Posted by chestnutridge on Wednesday, October 4, 2006 6:49 PM
Chuck, having limited experience (2 yrs) in prep plants but seeing first hand I will guestimate at 3 to 1 ratios. This all depends on how the coal is mined at the face underground. For example: If the coal seam is 5' hight there would be about 20 percent garbage since a roof height of 6 to 7' would be attained. The height is not for the miners comfort but for the safe movement of supplies from the mouth of the mine to the working sections. We move very large rolls of conveyor belt on depressed center flats underground to working sections for example. The larger the roll the less mechanical splices and less chance of failure. If the coal seam is lower like what is found in North Central PA (around 3') then your ratio of coal to slate would be closer in number. When I built my coal mine for my layout I installed a bin loader for slate that is rail served. I used the Walthers kit and have 3 tracks for coal loads as per the prep plant footprint and a 4th track that goes behind the plant with a bin loader for slate. Slate has very little use in the real world but in my world it's used for fill on railroads (ballast), dam construction, and highway construction. I live in Fayette but work in Greene County. Hope I've been of assistance. Feel free to post any follow ups.
  • Member since
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  • From: Reno, NV
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Posted by batterymule7 on Wednesday, October 4, 2006 1:18 PM

Chestnutridge,

I am an underground hard rock miner from Nevada.  I curious what kind of underground rail equipment you have encountered or operated over the years.  I have been a huge fan of the large four axle trolley motors but man are they hard to find info or pictures on.  In our mine we use truck and loader for haulage which is boring.  We were going to go rail for our redevelopment but BLM shut that down in a big hurry, seeing as we were going to rehab a mine that was over 50 years old and in Nevada, those are considered historical resources.  It is nice to see a fellow miner on here on my first visit. 

Stay safe.

Erik

batterymule7

Erik Batterymule7
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Posted by cefinkjr on Monday, October 2, 2006 8:58 PM

I'm gonna take you up on your offer of detailed information about coal mining.  This may be a wierd question but:

If a coal preparation plant depends solely on rail for delivery of raw coal and hauling the clean coal away, what would be a typical ratio of car loads in and out (assuming all cars have the same capacity)?  In other words, does raw coal (including the shale and assorted other junk) require more or less cars than the clean coal?

BTW, chestnutridge, your screen name and your location tell me that you and I are from the same neck of the woods.  I grew up within sight of Lock #4 on the Monongahela River.

Chuck

Chuck
Allen, TX

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  • From: Northeast Ohio Snow Belt, USA
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Posted by GRAMRR on Saturday, September 30, 2006 3:05 PM

Facinating thread - thanks for some interesting reading guys.  My layout plan has two "company" mines (one with vertical shaft and hoist house and one will be a drift mine), and an indepently owned tipple with a truck dump.  Thanks for the info on the types of structures, etc., I should plan for.  Most modelers only model a tipple and sometimes not even a shaft structure.

Chuck

Chuck

Grand River & Monongah Railroad and subsidiary Monongah Railway

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Posted by chestnutridge on Friday, September 29, 2006 6:10 PM
coalminer3, we have 1 loco operator per shift. we use 2 sd38-2's, 1 on each end. going to the prep plant from the harbor we run the lead loco long hood forward and going back to the harbor the other engine is cab forward. upon arrival at the prep plant the operator sets the lead loco up on a remote control box, dismounts the loco, climbs stairs to the load out, starts the belt, and once the bin at the loadout starts to fill begins loading the cars and moving the train by remote control. when all the cars are filled he shuts everything down, climbs into the other loco, shuts the remote off, sets the loco up he's in for "manual lead" and heads for the harbor. at the harbor he sets the remote up and dumps the cars into a bottom dump. there's only room at the dump for 1 car at a time. total round trip is approx. 3 hrs. the engine on the back of the train takes a beating from coal dust blowing back on it and requires more intake filter changes than the lead loco. walthers power plant kit has a bottom dump included and is a good representation of ours. by the way i freelance sw pa and my railroad is the chestnut ridge railroad in ho. i run gp40-2's, gp9's and my mow fleet is gp38-2's. as the weather forces me indoors more i'm going to post the chestnut ridge on the net. still have lots of yard work left with the leaves starting to turn. talk to you later.
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  • From: WV
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Posted by coalminer3 on Friday, September 29, 2006 8:45 AM

Story of everyone's life.  If there's enough money, there's not enough room; if there's not enough money, we have plenty of room.  Most of the time it's both.  What do you use for motive power?  r/c or crewed?

work safe

 

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  • From: sw pa
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Posted by chestnutridge on Thursday, September 28, 2006 9:08 PM
fellow miner, we don't have a flood loader but local management tries to submit it in the budget every year. we load our train from an overhead bin over the track that is fed by conveyor from a clean coal silo. when the silo is full it holds about 1 1/2 trains. we can also load tri-axles at the bin for truck coal but not tractor trailers because of the tight turning radius at the track area. our railroad is captive and does not cross any public highways so our locomotive operators do not need a federal railroad license to operate. our track is 17 miles from the prep plant to the river with alot of fill areas and cuts. very nice scenery no matter what the season. there are also 14 bridges along the route. we were originally us steel but have been sold and bought 3 times since i've been here. stay safe and feel free to inquire anytime. 
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  • From: WV
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Posted by coalminer3 on Thursday, September 28, 2006 9:31 AM

Good Morning:  Just a little more to add to your most informative post.  Captive railroads are owned by a company such as a mining operation. 

You probably remember (or maybe even worked at) captive mines.  In this part of WV, US Steel way a big player not all that long ago.  Most everything that they had is long gone.

Does your mine flood load?

work safe

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  • From: sw pa
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Posted by chestnutridge on Tuesday, September 26, 2006 7:48 PM

chuck, at our mine which employs over 500 union employees our surface facilities are the following. a supply yard with 2, 44" guage tracks, empties and loads. our supplies are "dropped" down a slope attached to a slope car. there is a maintenace shop building for repair mine cars and mine locomotives. there is an adjacent vehicle maintenance shop for pickup trucks, forklifts, etc. a hoist house where the hoist operator "drops" the hoist car into the mine on what looks like a big reel with 2" cable.

the prep plant has the main coal prep building which is 110' tall, a maintenance shop, numerous conveyor belts which run from the mine, to the prep plant and then either to the train loadout or to the slate dump. there are also office buildings at both sites for management personnel, 3 sided buildings for storing electric motors and load centers and a centrally located warehouse for underground supplies. at our mine we have a captive railroad that runs from the prep plant to the river so we have a clean coal silo for the train to load from, 2 raw coal silos for storing coal from the mine in case the prep plant is down for repairs and a raw coal stacker for additional storage. there are numerous ponds where water is pumped from underground, treated and used in the coal cleaning process plus a thickener where waste water from the prep plant is pumped, the solids removed and then the water is used again in the plant. there is also 1 silo at the plant which stores magnetite for cleaning the coal. there are also numerous small buildings scattered about such a a grease shanty where bulk oil for the mine is stored, a hazmat shed for oil spill supplys, pump houses for the ponds etc. i can't think of much more but will be glad to answer any more questions you have. 

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Posted by tomikawaTT on Monday, September 25, 2006 8:25 PM

Thank you for the kind offer.

Back in 1960 or so I "minefanned" the surface workings of several underground mines in Japan.  Without exception, they had a number of workshops (ranging from little sheds to substantial buildings, depending on the size and economic strength of the mining company) and other buildings around the minehead and preparation plant.  What sort of equivalent structures were/are common in U.S. mining practice?

Chuck  (modeling a Japanese coal hauler, circa 1964)

  • Member since
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  • From: sw pa
  • 17 posts
Coal Mine Info
Posted by chestnutridge on Monday, September 25, 2006 7:48 PM
Anyone having questions re underground coal mines and surface preparation plants can post me a question. I've been underground and working the surface for over 30 years now. My knowledge is from the mid 70's to the present.

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