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I've heard of people that have died when working on the 12 VDC system in their cars. The battery acid on their skin, combined with a firm grasp of the car frame and tools got them. Don't think that just because it's "low voltage" doesn't mean that it's completely safe. It's only safe if it's grounded. As for the single-phase residential vs. the discussion on three phase, I can cover both bases! Residential loads are 99.9% single-phase in nature here in the US. It's tfed from a 240 volt transformer that's centert tapped (120 volts), hence the 240/120. All of the nomenclature for 120 or 117 or 110 volts just indicates at what voltage is "nominal" or the "minimum" for the equipment. In reality the ANSI standard is anything between 126 and 110 volts at the outlet is fair game for the appliance. For three-phase customers you have several possibilities. Medium commercial loads and large apartment buildings will typically take 208/120 volt grounded-WYE service. Larger or heavy industrial customers will often take 480/277 volt Grounded-WYE service. In these two cases the transformer windings are shaped like a wye, with the neutral grounded. You can also get in some areas a three-phase 240/120 delta, where you have three 240 windings built into a delta with one of the windings center tapped and grounded. This will give you a 240/120 single-phase service which is typically used for lighting and office use, and 240 delta to drive the three-phase equipment. Most 208 V three-phase equipment can be powered from 240 delta. Gas stations love this service as everything they have is 120 or 240, except their air compressor which is three-phase. Mark in Utah
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