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New Haven DL-109 class?

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New Haven DL-109 class?
Posted by SSW9389 on Wednesday, February 11, 2015 9:20 AM

An Alco fan and researcher here. The New Haven DL-109s were delivered as three classes: DER-1a, DER-1b, and DER-1c. What is the difference(s) between the classes?

I see from an old RR magazine roster that the DER-1a units were lighter by about 5,000 pounds than the later two classes. Was there an electrical difference between the classes?

This question was also posted to several other Alco and New Haven forums.

Ed in Kentucky

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Posted by M636C on Thursday, February 12, 2015 11:02 PM

SSW9389

An Alco fan and researcher here. The New Haven DL-109s were delivered as three classes: DER-1a, DER-1b, and DER-1c. What is the difference(s) between the classes?

I see from an old RR magazine roster that the DER-1a units were lighter by about 5,000 pounds than the later two classes. Was there an electrical difference between the classes?

This question was also posted to several other Alco and New Haven forums.

Ed in Kentucky

 
Swanberg's "New Haven Power" is a good book and I recommend it to anybody interested in New Haven.
 
There were a number of changes to cooling systems progressively made to the DL 109s from December 1941 until the last was built in 1945. Most visible of these was the addition of shutters above the radiator fans, presumably to stop the loss of heat from the body during very cold winters.
 
Swanberg indicates that 0752, one of the last batch built for the New Haven, weighed 11 500 lbs more than 0700.
 
One change that would account for some of this extra weight was a change from aluminium clad plywood side panels, which corroded and deteriorated rather quickly, to steel panels, and to a lesser extent the replacement of side windows with ventilation grilles (these presumably aimed at summer operation).
 
It was common for wartime built steam locomotives to be heavier than those built pre war since many light alloy parts were no longer available and were replaced with steel or cast iron. Some items in the DL 109 might have been heavier in the fifty units built during WWII.
 
These were the only Alco passenger units built during WWII, but they were built right up until 1945. Clearly the NH were happy with them.
 
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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Friday, February 13, 2015 7:05 AM

The DL109's were the only production road diesels built during 1942-1945 that weren't FT's.  I would assume that NH had to do some strong-arm lobbying at the War Production Board to allow these locomotives to be built.

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Posted by SSW9389 on Friday, February 13, 2015 9:35 AM

Not a true statement, EMD began producing E7s in February 1945. And the EMD E6 was built up through September of 1942.  

CSSHEGEWISCH

The DL109's were the only production road diesels built during 1942-1945 that weren't FT's.  I would assume that NH had to do some strong-arm lobbying at the War Production Board to allow these locomotives to be built.

 

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Posted by 16-567D3A on Saturday, February 14, 2015 2:53 PM

  ,  

                   

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Posted by SSW9389 on Sunday, February 15, 2015 2:09 AM

16-567D3A
 
 

 

My research showed no published difference that I could find, other than weight in the NH DL109 classes.Alco built 74 DL109 and 4 DL110(booster) between 1/40 and 4/45.as pointed out earlier,NH 0700-0759 probably had minor parts material substitutions during the war as the classes were assembled.discussions with other modelers were that carbody cladding or perhaps manifold and cooling system materials and construction as the war progressed may have changed or substituted during production.NH also used the units as dual purpose.so perhaps some classes may have been ballasted differently for nightime freight service.the prototype unit, Rock Island 624 was unique in that it differed in length by being 4ft.5inchs longer than all others because its radiators were grouped together at the rear and also unlike the others had electrical driven accessories instead of belt driven.

 

 

I've learned it differently as I only found 62 DL-109s and a single DL-110. The other units were built to earlier specifications, though some may have been upgraded to the DL-109/DL-110 specification.

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Posted by SSW9389 on Sunday, February 15, 2015 2:14 AM

Rock Island #624 was built to specifcation DL-103, often seen written as specifcation DL-103b. It not only was longer, but used 6-538T deck mounted engines, instead of the 6-539Ts used in the other DL-10?s

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Posted by SSW9389 on Sunday, February 15, 2015 5:56 AM

Just recently I've seen GE-726F, and GE-726H traction motors shown on documents scanned and posted to the internet. The GE-726F traction motors were used to replace GE-730 traction motors on the Santa Fe #50, a DL107 when built. The GE-726H motors shared the cover of a traction motor manual with GE-752A. That would cause one to think that the H iteration was the last type of the GE-726 traction motor. That GE manual was dated August 1947. Now whether there are eight iterations of the 726 traction motor or another number is unknown at this time. If we keep digging around some other GE-726? letters may show up.

The New Haven DL-109s are a logical place to look for clues on GE traction motors and control circuitry. Because the New Haven units were built in three seperate groups between December 1941 and April 1945 there is a very strong likelyhood that different GE components were used in each group.   

 

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Posted by M636C on Monday, February 16, 2015 5:39 AM

Certainly larger and heavier traction motors can add substantial weight to a locomotive. The early DL-500B units were quoted as 104 tons with narrow gauge GE-761 motors. The New South Wales Railways purchased 45 of these geared to 65 MPH for maximum tractive effort on grades. However, in 1962 they introduced the Southern Aurora passenger train from Sydney to Melbourne and it was found that this train needed to run at 70MPH to keep time.

So 11 DL-500Bs were fitted with (small) standard gauge GE-731 motors (partly because GE-752s wouldn't fit that truck design) but even they increased the weight by eight tons for the six motors.

We are talking about around seven tons on the heaviest of the last DL-109s.

Steinbrenner in his Alco history talks about frame reinforcement as a result of problems on the Milwaukee Road units at very high speed but a combination of heavier motors and other changes could account for this.

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Posted by daveklepper on Wednesday, February 18, 2015 12:45 PM

The New haven had its way with the War Production Board because they demonstrated that they were already using DL-109s in frieght service regularly each night Ceder Hill - Boston.   They could point out that new FT's would require parallel ahd additional maintenance regimies and parts, new steam could not be used as intensively (passenger by day, freight by night) and thus the new DL-109 were an optimum contribution for transportatioin for the war effort for their particular operating requirements.

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Posted by Firelock76 on Thursday, February 19, 2015 9:26 AM

I've always liked the look of the DL-109's, especially in the New Haven paint schemes, and I've also heard of their "passenger by day, freight by night" application.

However, just how good were they?  Any reason they weren't produced after 1945, or was it with the various RS, PA, and FA models their time had come and gone?

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Posted by 16-567D3A on Thursday, February 19, 2015 3:04 PM

    .             

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Posted by Firelock76 on Thursday, February 19, 2015 4:22 PM

Well thanks for the respose!  I suspected as much, things had moved on.  Too bad ALCO didn't put the updated guts in that classy exterior, but c'est la vie as they say.

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Posted by Leo_Ames on Thursday, February 19, 2015 10:26 PM

Firelock76
However, just how good were they?  Any reason they weren't produced after 1945, or was it with the various RS, PA, and FA models their time had come and gone?

Going forward with what he said about evolution, I believe that one major reason is that it was a dual engine design, with a resulting increase in cost and complexity.

They correctly viewed the single engine concept as desirable, with dual engines a necessary evil that they didn't want to maintain any longer than they had to until a suitable powerplant came around that allowed a single engine output of 1,500 for freight and 2,000 HP for passenger work. 

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Posted by SSW9389 on Friday, February 20, 2015 2:04 AM

The Alco 539 engine was seen as a dead end developmentally by Alco. It was heavy, had large, slow running cylinders. Alco got caught without an adequate diesel engine to compete with EMD's FT. The GM&O ordered 80 freight diesels from Alco at a time when Alco did not have a marketable freight diesel engine. World War 2 and the War Production Board further stymied both Alco and the GM&O on this order.

Alco's DL100 series was an attempt to compete with the EMD E units. Both the Alco 241 and Alco 244 diesel engines were Alco's Research and Development answers to the lack of a competitive diesel engine.  

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Posted by SSW9389 on Friday, February 20, 2015 2:06 AM
Does anyone have detailed information on what GE traction motors and generators were used on the three classes of New Haven DL-109s? Ed in Kentucky
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Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Friday, February 20, 2015 7:31 AM

Firelock76

Well thanks for the respose!  I suspected as much, things had moved on.  Too bad ALCO didn't put the updated guts in that classy exterior, but c'est la vie as they say.

The flatnose design (FA, PA, World Locomotive) was less expensive to fabricate than the DL109 design.

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Posted by Firelock76 on Friday, February 20, 2015 9:56 AM

CSSHEGEWISCH
 
Firelock76

Well thanks for the respose!  I suspected as much, things had moved on.  Too bad ALCO didn't put the updated guts in that classy exterior, but c'est la vie as they say.

 

 

The flatnose design (FA, PA, World Locomotive) was less expensive to fabricate than the DL109 design.

 

That certainly makes sense, so much so it makes me wonder why GE doesn't use the classic FA or PA flat-nose design for their current passenger locomotives. It wouldn't be THAT hard to do. The "Genesis" and others are just so damn weird looking and ugly.

But never mind, we've gone through this discussion before.

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Posted by SSW9389 on Friday, February 20, 2015 11:15 AM

Does anyone have gross weights and tractive efforts for the GM&O and Southern DL-109 units. The New Haven units appear to be somewhat heavier than other railroad's DL100 units.

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Posted by SSW9389 on Friday, February 20, 2015 1:33 PM
Extra 2200 South #37 p.19 shows the six New Haven orders were all delivered with 64:19 gears and GE-726F1 traction motors. That same issue showed the gross weights for the GM&O and Southern units. All the war baby DL100s were heavier than their prewar counterparts.
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Posted by LensCapOn on Friday, February 20, 2015 3:45 PM

Firelock76

 

That certainly makes sense, so much so it makes me wonder why GE doesn't use the classic FA or PA flat-nose design for their current passenger locomotives. It wouldn't be THAT hard to do. The "Genesis" and others are just so damn weird looking and ugly.

I felt that way about ALCO and their Century Line, The C420's setup for passenger duty al least would have looked good with one.

(Or a late BLW roadswitcher with a Sharknose cab.)

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Posted by rghammill on Sunday, February 22, 2015 10:20 AM

I also posted this at the NHRHTA forum, but I'll post it here for those that don't visit there:

The DL-109s classifications are a great example of the inconsistency of the New Haven.

First of all, when the majority of the DL-109s were delivered the New Haven Railroad didn't have diesel classifications

Prior to the introduction of diesel classes (DER-1, etc) there were only two classes:
6-30-45 Summary of Equipment:
0700-0709: 10
0710-0759: 50

Between then and prior to rebuilding project, there were 4 classes of DL-109's:

From the 9-30-45 Summary of Equipment, the first with diesel classifications:
DER-1: 0700-0709 (10)
DER-1a: 0710-0719 (10)
DER-1b: 0720-0729 (10)
DER-1c: 0730-0759 (30)

It's the DER-1 class that was lighter than the DER-1a/b/c classes.

Some plans I've located note the DER-1 locomotives were reclassed as DER-1a c 1947-9 (I don't have the exact date within reach), although the reclassification was done several years after the actual changes that were noted were completed.

The Summary of Equipment didn't change until 6-30-49 and they retained these classes thereafter, so it seems to be related to the rebuilding with screens, etc.:

DER-1: Not listed
DER-1a: 0700-0709 (10)
DER-1b: 0710-0749 (40)
DER-1c: 0750-0759 (10)

The 4-24-49 engine assignment book has the same classes as the 9-30-45 to 3-31-49 Summary of Equipment.

Oddly, starting with the 9-25-49 engine assignment book and through the 1953 engine assignment book they are classified differently than the Summary of Equipment as noted by Mr. Statkowski above (which I don't have...hint, hint).

So the engine assignment books list DER-1, DER-1a, and DER-1b, while at the same time the Summary of Equipment is listing DER-1a, DER-1b, and DER-1c. And it's not just that the class numbers listed are different, but they notate different locomotives in each class:

Late '49+ Engine Assignment:
DER-1: 0700-0709 (10)
DER-1a: 0710-0719 (10)
DER-1b: 0720-0759 (40)

vs. Late '49+ Summary of Equipment
DER-1a: 0700-0709 (10)
DER-1b: 0710-0749 (40)
DER-1c: 0750-0759 (10)

I don't have any engine assignment or Summaries of Equipment later than 1952 so I can't comment on any changes beyond these.

The DER-1 and DER-1a have the same general roofline, with the exception of the addition of the square winterizing hatches over the fans (I haven't found definitive overhead shots to verify all of the components). These were added to the DER-1 and original equipment on the DER-1a. The DER-1b and -1c were delivered with the simplified roofline, with the addition of globe vents on the DER-1c only, I think.

I've also found some other differences on plans between the DER-1 and -1a, such as oil capacity, and the oil or water pump if I recall. 

A difference that apparently warranted modification was that the clearance from the frame to the rail was difference between the DER-1 and DER-1a. The plan shows that the DER-1 locomotives were modified c1945 but reclassified c1947-9. I can't find my notes with the exact dates, but Dave Peters has the plans in his collection. These might 

Obviously these reclassifications weren't notated in all of the other paperwork.

Externally, the main difference between the DER-1b and DER-1c classes are the number of small louvres on the side, below the belt rail, and the small wings on the nose. The DER-1c also had the globe vents on the roof as delivered. I don't believe any of the other classes did, and these were later removed.

Another visual oddity to note. All of the locomotives that received the Hunter Green and Warm Orange paint scheme were entirely converted to the DER-1c external appearance (minus the globe vents). For those that were originally DER-1b (#0738) it meant the addition of the extra louvre in each group on the sides. But the DER-1 and DER-1a classes not only received the louvres and the small vents in the nose, but also the simplified roofline and lost their extra roof vents.

I haven't had much time recently, but once I started digging I found more questions than I did answers...

Randy
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Posted by AlcoCountry on Friday, March 6, 2015 3:11 PM

As a railfan (a very young one) I had the good fortune to meet up with these at Springfield, MA, and on the beautiful Westerly (RI) - Mystic - Rocky Neck (CT) stretch of the Shore Line. The best thing was the sound. Imagine one RS-1 or S-2; then multiply by two, not necessarily always running in exact unison; and there you had it. David P. Morgan wrote that the inline engine always sounded "as if it were going to expire on every 4th revolution"; and the turbocharger whine completed the effect. Rattly, raunchy, and wonderful! For a nice color spread on the DL-109 (including NH green) find a copy of June 1971 TRAINS. 

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Posted by BNSFandSP on Friday, April 3, 2015 12:04 AM

The DL-109 family consisted of the DL-103b (RI 624), DL-105, DL-107, DL-108 (B unit - 3 built, 1 to Santa Fe, 2 to Southern), DL-109, and DL-110 (1 B unit for Southern) models. I'm not sure what the differences were (other than the electric driven radiator and 538T engines on RI 624). My guess is that the DER-1as were of the 105 variant, the DER-1bs were the 107s, and the DER-1cs being the 109s. Hope this helps

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Posted by SSW9389 on Friday, April 3, 2015 2:11 AM

All New Haven's units were DL-109s. The original question was to find out what different kind of features and equipment seperated these three different subclasses. Preston Cook had an interesting response over on the New Haven Historical page.

 

BNSFandSP

The DL-109 family consisted of the DL-103b (RI 624), DL-105, DL-107, DL-108 (B unit - 3 built, 1 to Santa Fe, 2 to Southern), DL-109, and DL-110 (1 B unit for Southern) models. I'm not sure what the differences were (other than the electric driven radiator and 538T engines on RI 624). My guess is that the DER-1as were of the 105 variant, the DER-1bs were the 107s, and the DER-1cs being the 109s. Hope this helps

 

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