Trains.com

Can an electic locomotive run without the pantograph touching the wire?

14470 views
18 replies
1 rating 2 rating 3 rating 4 rating 5 rating
  • Member since
    February 2009
  • 402 posts
Can an electic locomotive run without the pantograph touching the wire?
Posted by BT CPSO 266 on Saturday, October 30, 2010 11:43 PM

I have looked this up before and did not find an concrete answer.

I was watching a video of the TGV when it was going for it's 2007 speed record and for a brief time the pantograph was lowered and then raised again. I do not think the other pantograph on the train set was raised either, but I can not be sure, which leads me to this question.

Can an electric locomotive operate without the pantograph making contact with the overhead wires? If so, for how long?Confused

  • Member since
    March 2016
  • From: Burbank IL (near Clearing)
  • 13,540 posts
Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Sunday, October 31, 2010 6:41 AM

When the pantographs are dropped, the locomotive is coasting since it doesn't have any way of drawing power.  Some of the auxiliaries may cut over to battery power but there would be no means of propulsion.

The daily commute is part of everyday life but I get two rides a day out of it. Paul
  • Member since
    November 2006
  • From: Southington, CT
  • 1,326 posts
Posted by DMUinCT on Sunday, October 31, 2010 8:47 AM

The Northeast Corridor (New Haven Line) buys 3 phase AC power.   To balance the power lines, different sections are fed from different phases.

MNR General Orders: At "Phase Breaks/Phase Gaps" , "All electric trains must have controller in coast/off posistion ----"

Don U. TCA 73-5735

  • Member since
    February 2009
  • 402 posts
Posted by BT CPSO 266 on Sunday, October 31, 2010 12:06 PM

Thanks, CCS

DMUinCT

The Northeast Corridor (New Haven Line) buys 3 phase AC power.   To balance the power lines, different sections are fed from different phases.

At "Phase Breaks/Phase Gaps" , "All electric trains must have controller in coast/off posistion ----"

I am a little confused by your statement. Sorry I am just not familiar with electric rail operations.

  • Member since
    December 2001
  • 52 posts
Posted by klahm on Sunday, October 31, 2010 6:40 PM

The essence of the DMUinCT post is this:  Think of two regions of track fed by two different power sources.  These sources are not identical and cannot be connected together without causing overloads to both.  If a train has two locomotives, each with pantographs up, there exists an electrical path between the electrical "blocks" as the first locomotive enters the new block while the second locomotive remains in contact with the old.  Similarly, with only one locomotive, if the pantograph width is greater than the gap between the two catenary circuits, then the possibility of connecting them together is high.  Drop pantograph(s) for a few seconds when passing the point of demarcation from one source to the other and there's no problem.

  • Member since
    February 2009
  • 402 posts
Posted by BT CPSO 266 on Sunday, October 31, 2010 8:06 PM

klahm,

Ok, I understand. Thanks for the description. Geeked

  • Member since
    March 2016
  • From: Burbank IL (near Clearing)
  • 13,540 posts
Posted by CSSHEGEWISCH on Monday, November 1, 2010 10:10 AM

Temporary drop orders can be issued when maintenance work is being performed on the catenary or an overpass is being built over the tracks.  I remember a temporary drop order on the South Shore at the Ford City overpass near 130th and Torrence.  New catenary supports were being installed on the overpass and that stretch of the catenary was de-energized by use of insulators and devices similar to phase breaks.  All trains had to drop pantographs prior to entering the de-energized section and couldn't raise them again until the section was cleared.  Needless to say, the speed of the trains dropped appreciably while they coasted through.

The daily commute is part of everyday life but I get two rides a day out of it. Paul
  • Member since
    December 2001
  • From: NW Wisconsin
  • 3,857 posts
Posted by beaulieu on Monday, November 1, 2010 4:47 PM

The reason for the Drop Pantograph order is because it is possible for a locomotive under power to drag an arc from the live section into the neutral "dead" section, energizing it. Normally dropping the pantograph also opens the main circuit breaker automatically.

  • Member since
    March 2005
  • From: Brewster, NY
  • 648 posts
Posted by Dutchrailnut on Monday, November 1, 2010 6:45 PM

DPO's are also to avoid hitting a damaged section with a good pantograph.

 A electric train can coast till it runs out of speed or out of air, without the juice the Compressor won't run ;-)

  • Member since
    December 2007
  • From: Georgia USA SW of Atlanta
  • 11,919 posts
Posted by blue streak 1 on Tuesday, November 2, 2010 6:20 PM

Pans can be slightly away from the contact wire. usually it is only about 2.5 cm per 10Kv. so if the pan bounces slightly off you may see a spark from the contact wire to the pan. Amazing enough the spark can also be heard sometime nearby on FM radios. Used to happen a lot around the Wilmington, De area when flying overhead. Could see the flashes as a welder sounding buzz came over our radios. Some of the GG1s Pan may not have been working too well.

  • Member since
    March 2003
  • From: US
  • 733 posts
Posted by Bob-Fryml on Tuesday, November 2, 2010 6:58 PM

Dutchrailnut

 A electric train can coast till it runs out of speed or out of air, without the juice the Compressor won't run ;-)

A retired colleague of mine, at an earlier time in his railroad career, worked as a Milwaukee Road train dispatcher out of Tacoma.  A portion of his territory included the mainline electrification between Seattle/Tacoma and Othello.  On occasion when maintenance work was being performed on portions of the catenary, he would issue a "DROP PANS AND DRIFT" order - and those almost always applied only to trains that were moving on a descending grade.  So thinking about this situation and the fact that the locomotive had to keep the air brakes pumped up, a question comes to mind.

Could the regenerative braking feature of the Milwaukee Road's electric locomotives produce electric power independent of contact with the overhead catenary - at least enough to keep the headlights working, the class lights on, and the air compressor running?

  • Member since
    January 2001
  • From: Atlanta
  • 11,971 posts
Posted by oltmannd on Tuesday, November 2, 2010 7:34 PM

Bob-Fryml

 

 Dutchrailnut:

 

 A electric train can coast till it runs out of speed or out of air, without the juice the Compressor won't run ;-)

 

A retired colleague of mine, at an earlier time in his railroad career, worked as a Milwaukee Road train dispatcher out of Tacoma.  A portion of his territory included the mainline electrification between Seattle/Tacoma and Othello.  On occasion when maintenance work was being performed on portions of the catenary, he would issue a "DROP PANS AND DRIFT" order - and those almost always applied only to trains that were moving on a descending grade.  So thinking about this situation and the fact that the locomotive had to keep the air brakes pumped up, a question comes to mind.

Could the regenerative braking feature of the Milwaukee Road's electric locomotives produce electric power independent of contact with the overhead catenary - at least enough to keep the headlights working, the class lights on, and the air compressor running?

With the main reservoirs up to 135 psi or so, you'd be able to keep the 80 psi brake pipe up quite a while.  Once the MR drops to the trainline pressure, you'd better get the compressor going again.

-Don (Random stuff, mostly about trains - what else? http://blerfblog.blogspot.com/

  • Member since
    September 2002
  • 7,486 posts
Posted by ndbprr on Thursday, November 4, 2010 9:22 PM

There is one circumstance where an.electric engine could remain under power with no pantograph operating and that is an engine set up for third rail power.  The NYC engines only used a pantograph for complex trackwork and ran third most of the time.

  • Member since
    March 2003
  • From: US
  • 733 posts
Posted by Bob-Fryml on Thursday, November 4, 2010 9:43 PM

oltmannd

 Bob-Fryml:

 

 Dutchrailnut:

 

 A electric train can coast till it runs out of speed or out of air, without the juice the Compressor won't run ;-)

 

A retired colleague of mine, at an earlier time in his railroad career, worked as a Milwaukee Road train dispatcher out of Tacoma.  A portion of his territory included the mainline electrification between Seattle/Tacoma and Othello.  On occasion when maintenance work was being performed on portions of the catenary, he would issue a "DROP PANS AND DRIFT" order - and those almost always applied only to trains that were moving on a descending grade.  So thinking about this situation and the fact that the locomotive had to keep the air brakes pumped up, a question comes to mind.

Could the regenerative braking feature of the Milwaukee Road's electric locomotives produce electric power independent of contact with the overhead catenary - at least enough to keep the headlights working, the class lights on, and the air compressor running?

 

With the main reservoirs up to 135 psi or so, you'd be able to keep the 80 psi brake pipe up quite a while.  Once the MR drops to the trainline pressure, you'd better get the compressor going again.

A nice thought, Oltmannd, applicable to a more perfect world perhaps.  But with dozens of microleaks present in any trainline, especially at pipe joints and between coupled gladhand castings, that 135psi main reservoir pressure would probably be diminished in relatively short order.

While drifting downgrade with the pantographs dropped, my guess is that either the General Electric Company or The Milwaukee Road's electrical department probably did figure out some way to have the traction motors, while operating in regenerative brake mode, deliver at least enough electric power to keep the headlight on and the air compressor running.

  • Member since
    March 2005
  • From: Brewster, NY
  • 648 posts
Posted by Dutchrailnut on Friday, November 5, 2010 10:02 PM

On a passenger train the air can drop pretty fast, it sometimes only takes a few passengers to flush toilet or the airbags to ajust in a curve and train ends in emergency

  • Member since
    February 2010
  • 384 posts
Posted by Redore on Sunday, January 9, 2011 11:59 PM

Som electric switchers had an "extension cord' arrangement to extend operation a short way into an interchange yard.

  • Member since
    June 2002
  • 20,096 posts
Posted by daveklepper on Monday, January 10, 2011 2:24 AM

And other switchers, NYCentral and North Shore, had battery power as well.

  • Member since
    February 2002
  • From: Mpls/St.Paul
  • 13,892 posts
Posted by wjstix on Monday, January 10, 2011 1:59 PM

Re the TGV, I would imagine a train going 200 MPH or whatever could coast a LONG way....

Wink

Stix
  • Member since
    February 2005
  • From: Vancouver Island, BC
  • 23,330 posts
Posted by selector on Monday, January 10, 2011 6:25 PM

And you would think that if such an event were fairly common, that there would be the provision for a friction clutch and shaft drive of a compressor to keep the brakes pumped up a bit?  It would eat into the momentum, but so would grade change to positive, windage, and so on.  I expect, though, that coasting between side or overhead power was only a stop-gap for highly transient events.

Join our Community!

Our community is FREE to join. To participate you must either login or register for an account.

Search the Community

Newsletter Sign-Up

By signing up you may also receive occasional reader surveys and special offers from Trains magazine.Please view our privacy policy