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One thing that I have seen in my experience is that marine application engines are always rated the highest horsepower for any given engine. In marine engines, annual overhaul of the cooling system is a must; marine engines live and die by the cooling system. Stationary application engines are always the lowest in power for a given engine, with standby type engines being the lowest. Standby engines can sit for weeks and months and suddenly be expected to instantly go to full power and rpm. Stationary engines that are constant duty run for long periods of time and run into problems with varnishing of cylinder walls, and buildup of deposites in the lubrication passages; this can also happen from excessive idling. In addition to being lowest rated power, stationary engines also have different injectors or injectors with different timing/ output, and different cam timing. The biggest difference between stationary and other types is main bearings have the largest oil clearences, meaning the shells are thinner or possibly that the crank journals are slightly smaller, this is especially true for standby engines. Cylinder varnishing can also mean different specs for the rings. Stationary engines typically show a lot of wear for relatively few hours of service, especially standby engines where bearings can show scoring and patterns indicative of lack of lubrication. One thing I do not know about locomotive engines is the arrangement of thrust bearings. Locomotive engines sit pretty level and flat, so I imagine they should have thrust bearings facing foreward and aft. It seems mobile engines always have a slight rise from back to front and so the thrust bearing is at the rear of the crankshaft after the last main journal. It is typical for engines that have thrust in both directions to have the thrust bearings located on either side of the center main journal. One thing for sure is that you can look at two engines, the same make and model, and they can have numerous internal differences. Commercial equipment is always purpose built, or "spec'd out".
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