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What does it mean by "de-rated"?
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In the trucking industry, with the new computer managed engines it is common to purchase an engine in derated form for fuel economy, relieability, and keep the option of uprating the engine to improve resaleability. If the engine was originally built for the higher horsepower, this is not a problem. Another consideration when uprating is the cooling system. Every system of an engine falls under scrutiny when uprating. <br /> <br />To answer the question from the guy in Tailand, first generation electronic controls were "read only systems" with "EPROM" chips. To change the programing of the computer, chips had to be replaced. Current technology is software driven, by loading a new program into the hard drive, control paramenters can be changed. <br /> <br />In electronic controlled engines, the injectors are directly controlled by a digital signal and no mechanical linkage exists. The injector is still actuated by a rocker arm necessary to develope the needed pressure for injection, as high as 30,000 PSI in the newest engines, but an electronically controlled valve controls whether the fuel is hydraulicly locked or simply squirted out the return port when the plunger is forced down by the rocker arm.
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