Wikipedia is your friend.
For example, lets say you want to know what prime-mover is in an RS3.
Open Google.
Type in "Wiki Alco RS3" and this will be the first hit....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALCO_RS-3
And if you scroll down the page on the right hand side you will find the information you are looking for (I will let you find the information...let me know what you find).
This will work with pretty much any locomotive.
When you order your decoder, mention the number of Cylinders, Form Factor and Aspiration type. Beyond that you need to know which horn was used in your particular unit.
Hope this helps you get an understanding of what is under your model's hood and what to order. Beyond this, take a look at some Youtube videos of your locomotives. They are pretty much all represented. That will allow you to see how the sound decoder compares to the prototype.
In terms of which Modern Sound decoder to buy, it is a matter of preference.
Soundtraxx Tsunami decoders have amazing motor sounds, mediocre horns and questionalbe motor drive. $$$
QSI Revolution decoders have OK motor sounds, amazing horn sounds and an amazing motor drive. Note that QSI R decoders are downloadable. $$$
LokSound V3.5 decoders have amazing motor sounds, good horns and a great motor drive. Note that LokSound decoders are downloadable. $$$$
David B