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Coreless motors work best with pure DC. The don't like pulse width modulation (PWM) with low frequency, which can lead to overheating. That was the reason they were deemed unsuitable for DCC for some time. Faulhaber, one manufacturer, recommends a PWM frequenzy of more than 20 kHz. Most current decoders comply with this recommendation. Brushless motors are not suitable for model locomotives for a number of reasons, I think. They need a special controller that creates the rotating magnetic field that makes them turn. DC track power is obviously not suitable. A speed controller is needed in the locomotive that needs controlling, possibly radio control. Todays DCC is not able to control brushless motors either. The speed control part of a decoder needs to be changed. A brushless motor wouldn't be a drop-in fit for a locomotive. Those with fitting dimensions turn at about 25,000+ rpm at 12 V, too high for the current locomotive gear ratios. Regards, Volker
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